Surface functionalization of 3D printed structures: Aesthetic and antibiofouling properties

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a hot topic nowadays, having a first order in importance in research trends, improving existent technologies and carrying them further. AM can be applied to ceramics, which have importance in current technologies. Their capability to maintain functional properties for long time periods, combined with the easiness to process and the abundance of raw materials, make them a fundamental part of mankind development. Within ceramics, stoneware has a wide range of uses but in some conditions, it can be affected by biofouling. Ti(O)N and Ag-Ti(O)N coatings over 3D printed stoneware, were presented as multifunctional solution, linking aesthetical and antimicrobial properties. Films were developed by reactive direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering and characterized physical, chemical and morphologically, as well as regarding their colour variation. Moreover roughness, wettability, antibacterial and antibiofouling were also evaluated. The results revealed that the Ag doped coatings (with or without oxygen addition) had an enhanced multifunctionality compared to control samples (without Ag). Ag nanoparticles addition created a surface with potential antibacterial and antibiofouling activities, in order to resist outdoors and aqueous environments, making these films able to be applied in architectural pieces as sculptures or other decorative parts, maintaining their properties with good aesthetical properties.The authors acknowledge to MIT Portugal-2017 program by thefinancial support through FCT/MCTES for this exploratory researchproject with the reference MIT-EXPL/ISF/0006/2007 and PhysicsCenter of University of Minho and University of Porto (CFUM-UP) by itssupport though the strategical project (UID/FIS/04650/2019). Thisstudy was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science andTechnology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/FIS/04650/2019 and UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit and BioTecNorte opera-tion (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the EuropeanRegional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020—ProgramaOperacional Regional do Norte and, in the framework of the ATRITO-0(co-financed via FEDER (PT2020) POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030446 andFCT (PIDDAC)) and the On-SURF (co-financedvia FEDER (PT2020)POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024521) projects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of an Ionic Liquid in the Microwave Assisted Extraction of Cytotoxic Metabolites from Fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae)

This work reports the application of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, BMImBr) in the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of metabolites from fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius. Dried fruits were individually extracted using BMImBr: H2O 1: 1, v/v (experiment 1) and pure H2O (experiment 2) by MAE (10 min at 60 degrees C). After partition using EtOAc, the yield to experiment 1 was about 23% while to experiment 2 was 0.1%. The EtOAc fraction obtained from experiment 1 was purified by chromatographic methods to afford 3-oxotirucalla-7,24Z-dien27- oic acid, 3a-hydroxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, 3 alpha-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, gallic acid, and ethyl gallate, being the first occurrence of the third compound as natural product. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in vitro against cancer cell lines (A2058, HeLa, SiHa, HCT, SKBR-3, U87, and B16F2Nex2), being 3 alpha-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid the more active metabolite with IC50 ranging from 10.9 +/- 1.3 to 17.3 +/- 1.4 mu g mL(-1), lower than that determined to positive control cisplatin.FAPESPCAPESCNPqInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 09972-270 Diadema-SP, BrazilDepartamento de Micro, Imuno e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062 São Paulo-SP, BrazilInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 09972-270 Diadema-SP, BrazilDepartamento de Micro, Imuno e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062 São Paulo-SP, BrazilFAPESP: BIOTA 2011/51739-6FAPESP: 2015/11936-2Web of Scienc

Simultaneous Separation of Antioxidants and Carbohydrates From Food Wastes Using Aqueous Biphasic Systems Formed by Cholinium-Derived Ionic Liquids

project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UID/CTM/50011/2019. Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV, FCT Ref. UID/QUI/50006/2019. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016403. Investigator FCT project IF/00621/2015. Programa Mais Centro under project CENTRO-07-ST24-FEDER-002008. COMPETE: PEst-C/SAU/UI0709/2011.The food industry produces significant amounts of waste, many of them rich in valuable compounds that could be recovered and reused in the framework of circular economy. The development of sustainable and cost-effective technologies to recover these value added compounds will contribute to a significant decrease of the environmental footprint and economic burden of this industry sector. Accordingly, in this work, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of cholinium-derived bistriflimide ionic liquids (ILs) and carbohydrates were investigated as an alternative process to simultaneously separate and recover antioxidants and carbohydrates from food waste. Aiming at improving the biocompatible character of the studied ILs and proposed process, cholinium-derived bistriflimide ILs were chosen, which were properly designed by playing with the cation alkyl side chain and the number of functional groups attached to the cation to be able to create ABS with carbohydrates. These ILs were characterized by cytotoxicity assays toward human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 cell line), demonstrating to have a significantly lower toxicity than other well-known and commonly used fluorinated ILs. The capability of these ILs to form ABS with a series of carbohydrates, namely monosaccharides, disaccharides and polyols, was then appraised by the determination of the respective ternary liquid-liquid phase diagrams at 25 degrees C. The studied ABS were finally used to separate carbohydrates and antioxidants from real food waste samples, using an expired vanilla pudding as an example. With the studied systems, the separation of the two products occurs in one-step, where carbohydrates are enriched in the carbohydrate-rich phase and antioxidants are mainly present in the IL-rich phase. Extraction efficiencies of carbohydrates ranging between 89 and 92% to the carbohydrate-rich phase, and antioxidant relative activities ranging between 65 and 75% in the IL-rich phase were obtained. Furthermore, antioxidants from the IL-rich phase were recovered by solid-phase extraction, and the IL was recycled for two more times with no losses on the ABS separation performance. Overall, the obtained results show that the investigated ABS are promising platforms to simultaneously separate carbohydrates and antioxidants from real food waste samples, and could be used in further related applications foreseeing industrial food waste valorization.publishersversionpublishe

Segurança do paciente na percepção da enfermagem e medicina em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal

Objetivo: Descrever a segurança do paciente na percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem e medicina de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal.Método: Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva exploratória na qual foi utilizado o instrumento Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture para a coleta de dados. Participaram da pesquisa 28 profissionais de enfermagem e medicina de três Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de Florianópolis/Santa Catarina, no período de 2013 a 2015. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Análise Temática de Conteúdo.Resultados: Emergiram as seguintes categorias: percepção e estratégias para a segurança do paciente; fatores de risco que interferem na segurança do paciente; desafios na comunicação de erros relacionados ao cuidado em saúde.Conclusões: A segurança do paciente na visão dos profissionais refletiu a importância do cuidado seguro e da identificação de fatores de risco nas condições de trabalho que predispõem a erros. A comunicação de situações de risco, o desenvolvimento da cultura de segurança e a capacitação tornam-se fundamentais.Palavras-chave: Segurança do paciente. Unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal. Enfermagem neonatal

An extensive reef system at the Amazon River mouth

Large rivers create major gaps in reef distribution along tropical shelves. The Amazon River represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean, generating up to a 1.3 x 10(6)-km(2) plume, and extensive muddy bottoms in the equatorial margin of South America. As a result, a wide area of the tropical North Atlantic is heavily affected in terms of salinity, pH, light penetration, and sedimentation. Such unfavorable conditions were thought to imprint a major gap in Western Atlantic reefs. We present an extensive carbonate system off the Amazon mouth, underneath the river plume. Significant carbonate sedimentation occurred during lowstand sea level, and still occurs in the outer shelf, resulting in complex hard-bottom topography. A permanent near-bottom wedge of ocean water, together with the seasonal nature of the plume's eastward retroflection, conditions the existence of this extensive (similar to 9500 km(2)) hard-bottom mosaic. The Amazon reefs transition from accretive to erosional structures and encompass extensive rhodolith beds. Carbonate structures function as a connectivity corridor for wide depth-ranging reef-associated species, being heavily colonized by large sponges and other structure-forming filter feeders that dwell under low light and high levels of particulates. The oxycline between the plume and subplume is associated with chemoautotrophic and anaerobic microbial metabolisms. The system described here provides several insights about the responses of tropical reefs to suboptimal and marginal reef-building conditions, which are accelerating worldwide due to global changes.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Coordenadoria de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERS)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)BrasoilMCTIBrazilian NavyU.S. NSFGordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF)Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Inst Biol, BR-21941599 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Inst Alberto Luiz Coimbra Posgrad & Pesquisa Engn, Lab Sistemas Avancados Gestao Prod, BR-21941972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, BR-05508120 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Oceanog, BR-29199970 Vitoria, ES, BrazilUniv Estadual Norte Fluminense, Lab Ciencias Ambientais, Ctr Biociencias & Biotecnol, BR-28013602 Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Fluminense, Inst Geociencias, BR-24210346 Niteroi, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Fluminense, Inst Biol, BR-24210130 Niteroi, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museo Nacl, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Estudos Costeiros, BR-68600000 Braganca, PA, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Mar, BR-11070100 Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Pernambuco, Dept Oceanog, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Fed Paraiba, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, BrazilUniv Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-45650000 Ilheus, BA, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Mar, BR-11070100 Santos, SP, BrazilU.S. NSF: OCE-0934095GBMF: 2293GBMF: 2928Web of Scienc

Energy Metabolism in H460 Lung Cancer Cells: Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

BACKGROUND: Tumor cells are characterized by accelerated growth usually accompanied by up-regulated pathways that ultimately increase the rate of ATP production. These cells can suffer metabolic reprogramming, resulting in distinct bioenergetic phenotypes, generally enhancing glycolysis channeled to lactate production. In the present work we showed metabolic reprogramming by means of inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDACis), sodium butyrate and trichostatin. This treatment was able to shift energy metabolism by activating mitochondrial systems such as the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation that were largely repressed in the untreated controls. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Various cellular and biochemical parameters were evaluated in lung cancer H460 cells treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), sodium butyrate (NaB) and trichostatin A (TSA). NaB and TSA reduced glycolytic flux, assayed by lactate release by H460 cells in a concentration dependent manner. NaB inhibited the expression of glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT 1), but substantially increased mitochondria bound hexokinase (HK) activity. NaB induced increase in HK activity was associated to isoform HK I and was accompanied by 1.5 fold increase in HK I mRNA expression and cognate protein biosynthesis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and pyruvate kinase (PYK) activities were unchanged by HDACis suggesting that the increase in the HK activity was not coupled to glycolytic flux. High resolution respirometry of H460 cells revealed NaB-dependent increased rates of oxygen consumption coupled to ATP synthesis. Metabolomic analysis showed that NaB altered the glycolytic metabolite profile of intact H460 cells. Concomitantly we detected an activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The high O(2) consumption in NaB-treated cells was shown to be unrelated to mitochondrial biogenesis since citrate synthase (CS) activity and the amount of mitochondrial DNA remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: NaB and TSA induced an increase in mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism in H460 lung tumor cells concomitant with a less proliferative cellular phenotype

Exame clínico pediátrico: aquisição de habilidades na disciplina Pediatria Preventiva Social, FAMEB - UFBa.

This study analyzes the main difficulties and the acquired skilles of the medical students  in the ambulatorial practice of Social Preventive Pediatrics Discipline, from the College of Medicine of Bahia - Federal University of Bahia - in their first contact with the pediatric clinic.  The students were inquired about their main difficulties at the begining and at the end of the discipline, through a questionnaire, with the objective of identifying the acquired skills and the most hardly surpassed difficulties. This practical activity is characterized by the ambulatorial primary attendance, in which the pediatric consultation is performed,  emphasizing a detailed interview and a complete physical examination, besides the peculiarities of each pediatric age group. As to the interview, the students  demonstrated to be less secure on  the analysis of  growth and  neuropsychomotor development; whereas on  physical examination, a reduced self-confidence has been noted on abdominal and genital examination. A clear acquisition of skills was noted in the performance of the interview as well as of the physical examination, although in  some  variables  this evolution was more evident.O estudo analisa as principais dificuldades referidas e as habilidades adquiridas pelos estudantes de Medicina na prática ambulatorial da disciplina Pediatria Preventiva Social, da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Bahia, em seu primeiro contato com a clínica pediátrica. Através de um questionário, os estudantes foram inquiridos, em dois momentos distintos (início e término da disciplina) acerca dos aspectos com maior dificuldade de superação e progressos obtidos no contato com as crianças. Essa atividade prática se caracteriza pelo atendimento primário ambulatorial, na qual se exercita a consulta pediátrica, enfatizando anamnese detalhada e o exame físico completo, além das peculiaridades das diversas faixas etárias pediátricas. Com relação à anamnese, os estudantes demonstraram ter menor segurança na análise do crescimento e do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, enquanto que, no exame físico, relataram redução no grau de segurança no exame do abdômen (palpação de órgãos) e dos órgãos genitais. No geral, houve aquisição de habilidades tanto na realização da anamnese quanto do exame físico, sendo que, para algumas variáveis, essa evolução foi mais evidente