As professoras de crianças pequenininhas e o cuidar e educar : um estudo sobre as praticas educativas em um CEMEI de Campinas/SP

Orientador : Ana Lucia Goulart de FariaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de EducaçãoResumo: Esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso sobre as práticas educativas das professoras junto às crianças pequenininhas de 0 a 3 anos num Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CEMEI) da cidade de Campinas no ano 2000. O objetivo foi descrever, analisar e discutir as atividades profissionais no contexto de relações entre as monitoras de Educação Infantil e as crianças: meninos e meninas. A metodologia empregada foi a filmagem em vídeo, entrevista com uma das professoras, conversas informais, registros no diário de campo e análise dos documentos: caderneta escolar, cadernos de anotações das atividades e relatórios de avaliação das profissionais sobre seu trabalho e sobre as crianças. Enfoquei a construção da profissão docente a partir do gênero feminino, na medida em que ser mulher, mãe e professora condiciona essa forma de atuação profissional. A construção de dez episódios a partir das filmagens permitiu-me compor uma análise que revelou uma hierarquia entre professoras e monitoras, evidenciada quando estão juntas. Quando não estão juntas, cada categoria profissional foi capaz de mobilizar conhecimentos que foram aprendidos através do convívio com as diferenças, o que revelou uma ¿contaminação das práticas¿ e uma presença na ausência. Verifiquei nas concepções das professoras e monitoras diferenças sobre a forma de educar as crianças, que foram explicitadas, o que é positivo para a construção da Pedagogia da Educação Infantil. O planejamento e o registro não aconteceram de forma integrada, mas a avaliação foi feita conjuntamente pelas profissionais, o que revelou que a tríade pensar, executar e avaliar estava caminhando da intenção para a ação. As crianças foram protagonistas das suas ações, revelando através de gestos, olhares, choro, palavras e brincadeiras, o contexto educativo do qual participavam. Observei que o cuidar e o educar são indissociáveis. Quando as monitoras e as professoras atuavam juntas, tornavam-se adultos inteiros, educando crianças inteiras. O espaço físico foi entendido como um terceiro educador, revelador da pedagogia e das relações entre adultos e crianças. A bibliografia italiana permitiu construir esta pesquisa de forma múltipla, contraditória e dialética, como são as relações humanas e profissionais.Abstract: This research is a case study about the educational practices of teachers of 0 - 3 year-old little children in a Municipal Center for Early Childhood Education (CEMEI) of the city of Campinas in the year 2000. The objective was to describe, analyze, and discuss the work of these professionals in the context of relationships between the Early Childhood Education caregivers and the children: boys and girls. The applied methodology was video filming, interview with one teacher, informal conversations, records in the field diary and school booklet, and assessment reports. I have focused on the construction of the teaching profession from a female perspective in view of the fact that being a woman, mother and teacher at the same time conditions the teaching behavior. Through ten episodes generated from the filmed videos my analysis revealed a hierarchy between teachers and caregivers that was highlighted when they worked together. When not together, each category was able to leverage the knowledge learned by living with the differences, and that revealed a ¿contamination of the practices¿ and a presence in the absence. I have assessed differences in the child education in the conceptions of the teachers and caregivers. The exposure of such differences contributes to the construction of the Early Childhood Education Pedagogy. The planning and recording activities did not take place in an integrated way. Nonetheless, since the assessment activities were conducted by both categories together it is possible to affirm that the triad think-execute-assess was moving from intention to action. The children were the protagonists of their actions, revealing through gestures, glances, cries, words, and playing the educational context of which they took part. I have observed that care and education cannot be separated. When caregivers and teachers worked together they became whole adults educating whole children. The physical environment was perceived as a third educator, a revealer of Pedagogy and adult-child relationship. The Italian bibliography allowed the construction of this research in a multiple, contradictory, and dialectal way just like the human and professional relationships are.Mestrad

Fatores que influenciam as atitudes dos indivíduos em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável: um estudo com discentes da área de negócios

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the attitudes of individuals towards sustainable development, in its different dimensions.Design/methodology/approach: For the scope of the study, were admitted students from presential courses in Administration and Accounting Sciences from two Higher Education Institutions (HEI) located in the State of Bahia. Questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. For the test of hypothesis, a multiple linear regression analysis was made, with a data base of 254 questionnaires.Findings: There was evidence that the knowledge about sustainability influences, in a positive and significant way, the student attitude in Dimensions Environmental, Economic, Social and Education. Results indicate that students with left-wing political conceptions have a tendency of showing more positive attitudes regarding sustainable development in Social and Education Dimensions. Finally, evidence was obtained about negative and significant relation between family income with Environmental and Economic Dimensions.Research Implications: Conceptually, in this study a fourth dimension of attitudes regarding sustainability was incorporated to the traditional tripod of sustainability, thus transforming it in a tetrahedron.Practical Implications: The meaning and importance of those evidences are discussed and can contribute to generate policies on education for sustainability.Originality/value: The study contributes to enable a better understanding about the formative process, the conscience, the attitude and the behaviors around sustainability questions in the field of management, which are relevant for reaching one of the Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the United Nations.Objetivo: Este estudo teve o propósito de identificar fatores que influenciam as atitudes de indivíduos em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável, em suas diferentes dimensões.Design/Metodologia/Abordagem: Para o escopo do estudo, admitiram-se discentes de cursos presenciais em Administração e Ciências Contábeis de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior localizadas no Estado da Bahia. Empregou-se o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. Para o teste de hipóteses, realizou-se análise de regressão linear múltipla com uma base de dados de 254 questionários.Resultados: Houve evidências de que o conhecimento sobre sustentabilidade influência de forma positiva e significante a atitude discente nas Dimensões Ambientais, Econômicas, Sociais e de Educação. Os resultados apontaram que discentes com concepções políticas de esquerda tendem a apresentar atitudes mais positivas em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável, nas Dimensões Ambientais e Sociais, e que o gênero feminino apresenta atitudes mais positivas nas Dimensões Sociais e de Educação. E, por fim, obtiveram-se indícios de relação negativa e significante da renda familiar com as Dimensões Ambientais e Econômicas.Implicações da Pesquisa: Conceitualmente, neste estudo, uma quarta dimensão de atitudes em relação à sustentabilidade foi incorporada ao tradicional tripé da sustentabilidade, transformando-o em um tetraedro.Implicações Práticas: O significado e a importância dessas evidências são discutidos e podem contribuir para a geração de políticas de educação para a sustentabilidade.Originalidade/valor: O estudo contribui para possibilitar uma melhor compreensão sobre o processo formativo, a consciência, a atitude e os comportamentos em torno das questões de sustentabilidade no campo da gestão, que são relevantes para alcançar um dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável propostos pelas Nações Unidas

Molecular studies reveal a concordant KEL genotyping between patients with hemoglobinopathies and blood donors in São Paulo City, Brazil

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Discipline Hematol & Transfus Med, BR-04023092 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Discipline Hematol & Transfus Med, BR-04023092 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Analysis of polymorphism at site -174 G/C of interleukin-6 promoter region in multiple myeloma

It is well established that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an essential growth factor for multiple myeloma (MM) and patients with increased IL-6 levels have a poor prognosis. In healthy subjects, the presence of the C allele at a polymorphic site (-174 G/C) of the IL-6 gene is related to low IL-6 levels. In view of the potential association of this particular polymorphism with IL-6 concentration, and the relevance of IL-6 in MM pathogenesis, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of IL-6 (-174 G/C) promoter polymorphism and its association with development of MM in Brazilian individuals. We investigated the prevalence of these alleles in 52 patients and 60 healthy subjects (matched by age, sex, and race) of a Brazilian population. Thirty patients were male (42.4%), 24 (46.2%) were white and the median age at diagnosis was 58.5 years (range: 28 to 84 years). To determine the IL-6 (-174 G/C) polymorphism, molecular analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by endonuclease restriction digestion. The genotype distributions observed in the group of patients were 4% CC, 42% GC and 54% GG. The C allele frequency was 0.25. These results were similar to the control group, suggesting no impact of this polymorphism on the susceptibility to MM.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Biological tissue response to a new formulation of a silicone based endodontic sealer

Satisfactory biological behavior is a necessary requirement for clinical application of endodontic materials. In this study, the connective tissue responses to silicone (GuttaFlow 2), epoxy resin (AH Plus) and zinc oxide and eugenol (Endofill) based sealers were compared. Twelve Wistar rats had polyethylene tubes (four per animal) containing one of the tested sealers and empty tubes (negative control) implanted in their subcutaneous tissue. The tubes were randomly placed 2 cm from the spine and at least 2 cm apart from one another. Tissue samples with implants were processed for histological analysis after 7 or 60 days (n=6 animals per period). Inflammatory cells, fibrous condensation and abscess were scored according to their intensity. Friedman, followed by Dunn’s post hoc, was used to compare sealers. Differences between the two experimental periods were verified using Mann-Witney U test (p<0.05). At 7 days, most of the histological parameters showed no significant differences amongst groups. Endofill group scored higher than the others for giant cells (o<0.05) and promoted a greater number of samples presenting abscess formation. GuttaFlow 2 tended to show a less intense inflammatory infiltrate compared to the other materials. At 60 days, there were no significant differences between groups in most of the histological parameters evaluated. However, it was observed that Endofill scored higher for macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group, and GuttaFlow 2 tended to present lower scores than the others for neutrophils and abscess. GuttaFlow 2 showed proper biological behavior and should be considered adequate for clinical practice

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a monoterpene synthase isolated from the aromatic wild shrub Thymus albicans

The essential oil of Thymus albicans Hoffmanns. & Link, a native shrub from the Iberian Peninsula, is mainly composed of monoterpenes. In this study, a 1,8-cineole synthase was isolated from the 1,8-cineole chemotype. A partial sequence that lacked the complete plastid transit peptide but contained an extended C-terminal when compared to other related terpene synthases was generated by PCR and Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE). The predicted mature polypeptide was 593 amino acids in length and shared 78% and 77% sequence similarity with the homologue 1,8-cineole synthase from Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis, respectively. The putative protein possessed the characteristic conserved motifs of plant monoterpene synthases including the RRx(8)W and DDxxD motifs and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the amplified 1,8-cineole synthase bears greater sequence similarity with other 1,8-cineole synthases from Lamiaceae family relative to the terpene synthases from the genus Thymus. Functional expression of the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli revealed that in the presence of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) 1,8-cineole was the major product but that its production was too low for robust quantification. Other minor conversion products included a-pinene, beta-pinene, sabinene and beta-myrcene suggesting the isolated 1,8-cineole synthase may be a multi-product enzyme. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a functionally characterized monoterpene synthase from Thymus albicans.Ceratonia Project MONOTHYMUS, Universidade do Algarve, PortugalMinistry of Science, PortugalFCT under FEDER PT2020-Compete[FCT/UID/Multi/00631/2013/CEOT

Efeito dos aditivos do tabaco na iniciação e manutenção do tabagismo

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Predictive factors for successful testicular biopsy

Introduction: Infertility, the inability to conceive, constitutes a major problem in modern societies. It affects 10 to 15 percent of couples in the United States. Evaluation of infertile men is usually complex and often demands a testicular biopsy. Materials and methods: We reviewed all azoospermic men submitted to testicular biopsy, in our center, during infertility investigation between January 2015 and December 2021. Results: A total of 117 patients with a mean age of 36.5 was considered. Biopsy was positive, as defined by the presence of viable spermatozoids by microscopy, in 48.7% of patients (n = 57). Patients were divided in two separate groups based on positive (PB) or negative biopsy (NB) and compared. PB-group had normal serum total testosterone levels and higher than NB-group (3.7 ng/mL vs. 2.85 ng/mL, p = 0.021), and normal serum FSH levels and lower than NB-group (6.0 mIU/mL vs. 16.0 mIU/mL, p < 0.001). The groups were similar concerning serum LH levels (3.9 mIU/mL vs. 6.3 mIU/mL, p = 0.343. Conclusions: Predicting outcomes of testicular biopsy is a difficult task. Our study found that men with normal testicular volume, normal levels of testosterone and FSH and those with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a higher probability of positive testicular biopsy

Adolescents’ knowledge of HPV and sexually transmitted infections at public high schools in São Paulo: A cross-sectional study

Purpose: To assess the knowledge of students from public high schools in poor communities about HPV and Sexually Transmitted Infections and their attitude towards and prevention of such diseases. Patients and methods: Cross-sectional study with adolescents from public schools of São Paulo – Brazil. Participants were selected for an interview by a randomization program. A questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding STIs, including HPV, according to sex was administered and answers were analyzed by the Poisson regression model with robust variance. Results: Median age of the 269 participants was 16 years. The majority was of African descent (68.8%, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;185), most (74%, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;199) were religious and the vast majority (90.7%, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;244) lived with their parents. The Poisson regression revealed statistically significant sex-related differences regarding the following questions: “Do you know how it is prevented?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.12 [1.03‒1.23], p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.007); “Have you ever been concerned with HPV?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.10 [1.02‒1.19], p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.011); “Have you ever sought health care due to concerns about HPV?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.09 [1.04‒1.14], p &lt; 0.001); “Do you know what a Pap Smear is?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.24 [1.13‒1.36], p &lt; 0.001); “Do you know what the cervix is?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.23 [1.13‒1.34], p &lt; 0.001); “Do you know what cervical cancer is?” (PR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.13 [1.04‒1.22], p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.004). Conclusions: The present results show that adolescents from public schools in poor communities in São Paulo City know little about HPV and cervical cancer. Male adolescents know less than female adolescents and are less concerned with health care