An XPS study of the stability of Fomblin Z25 on the native oxide of aluminum

Thin films of Fomblin Z25, a perfluoropolyalkylether lubricant, were vapor deposited onto clean, oxidized aluminum and sapphire surfaces, and their behavior at different temperatures was studied using x ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). It was found that the interfacial fluid molecules decompose on the native oxide at room temperature, and continue to decompose at elevated temperatures, as previous studies had shown to occur on clean metal. TDS indicated that different degradation mechanisms were operative for clean and oxidized aluminum. On sapphire substrates, no reaction was observed at room temperature. Our conclusion is that the native oxide of aluminum is neither passive nor protective towards Fomblin Z25. At high temperatures (150 C) degradation of the polymer on sapphire produced a debris layer at the interface with a chemical composition similar to the one formed on aluminum oxide. Rubbing a Fomblin film on a single crystal sapphire also induced the decomposition of the lubricant in contact with the interface and the formulation of a debris layer

11th European Headache Federation Congress jointly with 31st Congress of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches : Rome, Italy. 01-03 December 2017

. Aims of the study were explore the relationship between peripheral chromatic and central visual dysfunction evaluating also the presence of functional receptor impairment in patients with migraine, with and without aura examined interictally

Interfacial chemistry of a perfluoropolyether lubricant studied by XPS and TDS

The interfacial chemistry of Fomblin Z25, a commercial perfluoropolyether used as lubricant for space applications, with different metallic surfaces: 440C steel, gold and aluminum was studied. Thin layers of Fomblin Z25 were evaporated onto the oxide-free substrates and the interfacial chemistry studied using XPS and TDS. The reactions were induced by heating the substrate and by rubbing the substrate with a steel ball. Gold was found to be completely unreactive towards Fomblin at any temperature. Reaction at room temperature was observed only in the case of the aluminum substrate, the most reactive towards Fomblin Z25 of the substrates studied. It was necessary to heat the 440C steel substrate to 190 degree C to induce decomposition of the fluid. The degradation of the fluid was indicated by the formation of a debris layer at the interface. This debris layer, composed of inorganic and organic reaction products, when completely formed, passivated the surface from further attack to the Fromblin on top. The tribologically induced reactions on 440C steel formed a debris layer of similar chemical characteristics to the thermally induced layer. In all cases, the degradation reaction resulted in preferential consumption of the difluoroformyl carbon (-OCF2O-)

La memoria de la Madre Tierra: el canto ecológico de los poetas mapuches

The article studies the problem of memory, the link with nature and ecological concerns, as textualised in the poetic works of contemporary Mapuche writers. These texts form a manifesto in which nature is presented, revealed and kept alive, appealing to lyrical enunciation so as to be able to receive nature, hear its voice and multiply its lament and its hope. Written against all odds, Mapuche poetry is the result of a permanent contemplation, within which memory becomes a bridge between dream and reality, between country and city, between life and yearning, between man and the spirit of nature whose maternal dimension it strives to recover

Application of the modified Dubinin-Astakhov equation for a better understanding of high-pressure hydrogen adsorption on activated carbons

International audienc

Application of the modified Dubinin-Astakhov equation for a better understanding of high-pressure hydrogen adsorption on activated carbons

International audienc

Observational Constraints to the Evolution of Massive Stars

We consider some aspects of the evolution of massive stars which can only be elucidated by means of "indirect" observations, i.e. measurements of the effects of massive stars on their environments. We discuss in detail the early evolution of massive stars formed in high metallicity regions as inferred from studies of HII regions in external galaxies.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure; Invited Paper presented at the Roma-Trieste Workshop 1999 "The Chemical Evolution of the Milky Way: Stars versus Clusters", Vulcano Island (ME, Italy), 20-24 September, 1999, eds. F. Giovannelli & F. Matteucci, Kluwer-Holland (in press

Limited effect of management on apple pollination : a case study from an oceanic Island

Intensive agricultural practices leading to habitat degradation represent a major threat to pollinators. Diverse management practices are expected to influence wild pollinator abundance and richness on farms, although their effect in perennial crops is still unclear. In this study, we assessed the impact of management on apple (Malus domestica) pollination on an oceanic island, by comparing conventional (with and without herbicide application) and organic apple orchards. Pollinator visitation and pan trap surveys were carried out in six apple orchards in Terceira Island (Azores) and the landscape composition surrounding orchards was characterized. We also quantified fruit set, seed set and apple weight. We found no significant effect of management on insect visitation rates, whereas there was a negative association with increasing surrounding agricultural land. In contrast, management had an effect on species abundance, richness and diversity at the orchard level. Conventional orchards without herbicides showed higher abundance than the rest, but lower richness and diversity than conventional orchards with herbicides. Management had an effect on fruit set, but not on seed set or fruit weight. Our results suggest that management alone is insufficient for the overall improvement of apple pollination on an oceanic island, while landscape composition may play a relevant role.Regional Government of Extremadura in Spain (PO17006); ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000073info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Wavelet-Petrov-Galerkin Method for the Numerical Solution of the KdV Equation

The development of numerical techniques for obtaining approximate solutions of partial differential equations has very much increased in the last decades. Among these techniques are the finite element methods and finite difference. Recently, wavelet methods are applied to the numerical solution of partial differential equations, pioneer works in this direction are those of Beylkin, Dahmen, Jaffard and Glowinski, among others. In this paper, we employ the Wavelet-Petrov-Galerkin method to obtain the numerical solution of the equation Korterweg-de Vries (KdV).The development of numerical techniques for obtaining approximate solutions of partial differential equations has very much increased in the last decades. Among these techniques are the finite element methods and finite difference. Recently, wavelet methods are applied to the numerical solution of partial differential equations, pioneer works in this direction are those of Beylkin, Dahmen, Jaffard and Glowinski, among others. In this paper, we employ the Wavelet-Petrov-Galerkin method to obtain the numerical solution of the equation Korterweg-de Vries (KdV)