The Application of a System of Eye Tracking in Laparoscopic Surgery: A New Didactic Tool to Visual Instructions

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery is an increasingly used technique, but it requires a high degree of learning, and communication between the operating room crew is considerably difficult. The use of eye tracking has been proposed as a didactic and evaluation tool in several settings, including in laparoscopy in simulators.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the use of eye tracking systems (Tobii glasses 2) in laparoscopic surgery as a didactic and assessment tool to improve communication in the operating room and improve patients' security.Methodology: An anonymous survey was sent to the students and medical teachers of a faculty of medicine and practicing doctors and residents. The message contained an explanation about the use of the Tobii glasses, a link to watch the video showing its use in a laparoscopic surgery, and the survey to complete after watching the video.Results: The survey was answered by 113 participants (51.3% medical students, 27.4% medical teachers, 18.6% practicing doctors, and 2.7% medicine residents). Eighty-three percent agreed with the usefulness of the “Tobii glasses” in the operating room for improving communication between the main surgeon and the assistant, for learning complex surgery techniques, for obtaining didactic videos, and for indicating anatomical structures. The item scored worst was the price of the glasses.Conclusions: It is possible to record and project expert gaze patterns in the operating room in real time using the Tobii glasses. This device allows improving communication among the surgical crew and the learning of residents and also improving the security of surgical patients

Progressive congestion management based on packet marking and validation techniques

© 2012 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Congestion management in multistage interconnection networks is a serious problem, which is not solved completely. In order to avoid the degradation of network performance when congestion appears, several congestion management mechanisms have been proposed. Most of these mechanisms are based on explicit congestion notification. For this purpose, switches detect congestion and depending on the applied strategy, packets are marked to warn the source hosts. In response, source hosts apply some corrective actions to adjust their packet injection rate. Although these proposals seem quite effective, they either exhibit some drawbacks or are partial solutions. Some of them introduce some penalties over the flows not responsible for congestion, whereas others can cope only with congestion situations that last for a short time. In this paper, we present an overview of the different strategies to detect and correct congestion in multistage interconnection networks, and propose a new mechanism referred to as Marking and Validation Congestion Management (MVCM), targeted to this kind of lossless networks, and based on a more refined packet marking strategy combined with a fair set of corrective actions, that makes the mechanism able to effectively manage congestion regardless of the congestion degree. Evaluation results show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed mechanism.This work was supported by the Spanish MEC and MICINN, as well as European Commission FEDER funds, under Grants CSD2006-00046 and TIN2009-14475-C04-01.Ferrer Pérez, JL.; Baydal Cardona, ME.; Robles Martínez, A.; López Rodríguez, PJ.; Duato Marín, JF. (2012). Progressive congestion management based on packet marking and validation techniques. IEEE Transactions on Computers. 61(9):1296-1309. doi:10.1109/TC.2011.146S1296130961

La biblioteca auxiliar de un archivo: la Biblioteca de la Catedral de Valencia

The Archive-Library of the Cathedral of Valencia has launched a series of initiatives to redefine and enhance the value of its auxiliary library, considering it a living library and not a mere storehouse of books. On the one hand, by reviewing the criteria for the selection, classification and ordering of the book collection. On the other hand, by adopting a new library management programme (Sophia) and an OPAC accessible from the archive's website, which provides the researcher-user with the available description tools. With this, the Metropolitan Cathedral of Valencia aims to offer Valencian society a renewed specialised library, a reference for the study of the History of the Church.El Archivo-Biblioteca de la Catedral de Valencia ha implementado una serie de iniciativas que permiten redefinir, y poner en valor, su Biblioteca auxiliar, pasando a considerarla una biblioteca viva y no un mero almacén de libros. Por una parte, revisando los criterios de selección, clasificación y ordenación del fondo librario. Por otra, con la adopción de un nuevo programa de gestión bibliotecaria (Sophia) y de un OPAC accesible desde la web del archivo, poniendo a disposición del investigador-usuario las herramientas de descripción necesarias para un mejor conocimiento de la colección bibliográfica. Con ello, la catedral metropolitana de Valencia ofrece a la sociedad valenciana una biblioteca especializada renovada, de referencia para el estudio de la Historia de la Iglesia

la Biblioteca de la Catedral de Valencia

El Archivo-Biblioteca de la Catedral de Valencia ha implementado una serie de iniciativas que permiten redefinir, y poner en valor, su Biblioteca auxiliar, pasando a considerarla una biblioteca viva y no un mero almacén de libros. Por una parte, revisando los criterios de selección, clasificación y ordenación del fondo librario. Por otra, con la adopción de un nuevo programa de gestión bibliotecaria (Sophia) y de un OPAC accesible desde la web del archivo, poniendo a disposición del investigadorusuario las herramientas de descripción necesarias para un mejor conocimiento de la colección bibliográfica. Con ello, la catedral metropolitana de Valencia ofrece a la sociedad valenciana una biblioteca especializada renovada, de referencia para el estudio de la Historia de la IglesiaThe Archive-Library of the Cathedral of Valencia has launched a series of initiatives to redefine and enhance the value of its auxiliary library, considering it a living library and not a mere storehouse of books. On the one hand, by reviewing the criteria for the selection, classification and ordering of the book collection. On the other hand, by adopting a new library management programme (Sophia) and an OPAC accessible from the archive's website, which provides the researcher-user with the available description tools. With this, the Metropolitan Cathedral of Valencia aims to offer Valencian society a renewed specialised library, a reference for the study of the History of the Churc

Benefits of a coordinated fog-to-cloud resources management strategy on a smart city scenario

The advent of fog computing devices as computing paradigm enriching traditional cloud computing applications, paves the way to deploy innovative services, typically not completely appropriate and well supported by cloud computing technology. For example, fog computing is highly suitable for services requiring high constraints on delay, such as dependable services in the e-health arena or tracking strategies in manufacturing processes. Recently, some initiatives have focussed on putting together fog and cloud computing to make the best out of utilizing both, such as the reference architecture by the OpenFog consortium or the Fog-to-Cloud (F2C) concept. However, such a scenario requires a novel management strategy taking over the foreseen specific demands. In this paper, we argue the benefits of a F2C architecture on a particular application to be deployed on a smart city or smart environment scenario.This work is supported by the H2020 mF2C project (730929). For UPC authors is also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and by the European Regional Development Fund under contract TEC2015-66220-R (MINECO/FEDER).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Opportunities of super high-density olive orchard to improve soil quality: Management guidelines for application of pruning residues

Applying pruning residues in the lanes of olive groves has become a popular practice because it is economical and accrues benefits for soil and water management. This study presents an analysis of the impact of different rates of pruning residue on soil properties, in particular related with soil quality. Over 4 annual campaigns, chopped pruning residues used as a mulch were analyzed in terms of composition, coverage and moisture content to evaluate their effects on the amount of soil organic carbon (−10 cm and −20 cm) and CO2 emissions, temperature and moisture. The experiment was carried out in a super-intensive olive orchard in Cordoba (SE, Spain) and used four amounts of fresh pruning residue: 7.5 t ha⁻1(T1), 15.0 t ha⁻1 (T2) and 30.0 t ha⁻1 (T3), with a control T0 = 0.0 t ha1.Mulch mean leaf fraction was 46.0 ± 17.5% (±SD) and initial water content, 24.8 ± 8.6%. The mulching benefits for soil moisture were observed in amounts of pruning residue >7.5 t ha⁻1, which are only produced in super-intensive olive groves or in orchards with high tree densities. The low impact of the treatments on soil moisture was explained by the dramatic annual variations in residue moisture contents, caused by the regimes of high temperatures and rainfall-evapotranspiration deficits inherent to the Mediterranean Basin climate. Thus, the mulching capacity only resulted efficient when the residues were still humid in spring. In addition, 15.0 t ha⁻1 of pruning residues was the threshold to provide significant increases in soil organic carbon at depths of 0–20 cm. Thus, accumulating pruning residue in lanes at rates of over 15 t ha⁻1 (T2 and T3) is more convenient than a uniform distribution with lower amounts, due to the low mineralization rates occurring during warm seasons and the larger inputs of OM increasing the annual balance of SOC

Can High Levels of Hindrance Demands Increase the Worker’s Intellectual Response?

Job demands are factors that are associated with a physical and psychological cost when it comes to coping with them, but which can also positively affect the motivational process. Demands such as overload, defined as an excessive workload, have not presented positive results in any of the studies that have related it to employee engagement. The present study aims to delve into the possible positive effect of this demand on the intellectual bonding of employees. It is hypothesized that: (a) Initially, the increase in the perception of work overload will show a negative influence on the intellectual engagement of the employees; but (b) high perceptions of overload will change this effect, producing an increase in the intellectual dimension of engagement. The sample is made up of 706 employees of a Spanish multinational company. The results support this asymmetric curvilinear influence. The level of intellectual engagement is significantly reduced when the role overload increases from the lower values of the scale. However, upon reaching high levels of role overload, the intellectual engagement response begins to grow. These results challenge the conceptualization of overload as only negative and opens the door to consider that the positive response to a demand can also occur at high levels of it

La enseñanza en el máster de abogacía a través del análisis de casos reales de carácter multidisciplinar. Aprendizaje "a partir del estudio de razonamientos parciales temáticos"

Generar blog para publicaciones de alumnos del Máster Abogacía, con "entradas" dirigidas. Habría análisis desde varias disciplinas añadiéndose estudios con enfoque basado en otras áreas de conocimiento, generando interdisciplinariedad

Detection of kinase domain mutations in BCR::ABL1 leukemia by ultra-deep sequencing of genomic DNA

The screening of the BCR::ABL1 kinase domain (KD) mutation has become a routine analysis in case of warning/failure for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Philadelphia (Ph)-positive patients. In this study, we present a novel DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodology for KD ABL1 mutation detection and monitoring with a 1.0E-4 sensitivity. This approach was validated with a well-stablished RNA-based nested NGS method. The correlation of both techniques for the quantification of ABL1 mutations was high (Pearson r = 0.858, p < 0.001), offering DNA-DeepNGS a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 82%. The clinical impact was studied in a cohort of 129 patients (n = 67 for CML and n = 62 for B-ALL patients). A total of 162 samples (n = 86 CML and n = 76 B-ALL) were studied. Of them, 27 out of 86 harbored mutations (6 in warning and 21 in failure) for CML, and 13 out of 76 (2 diagnostic and 11 relapse samples) did in B-ALL patients. In addition, in four cases were detected mutation despite BCR::ABL1 < 1%. In conclusion, we were able to detect KD ABL1 mutations with a 1.0E-4 sensitivity by NGS using DNA as starting material even in patients with low levels of disease

A New Basal Sauropod Dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Niger and the Early Evolution of Sauropoda

The early evolution of sauropod dinosaurs is poorly understood because of a highly incomplete fossil record. New discoveries of Early and Middle Jurassic sauropods have a great potential to lead to a better understanding of early sauropod evolution and to reevaluate the patterns of sauropod diversification.A new sauropod from the Middle Jurassic of Niger, Spinophorosaurus nigerensis n. gen. et sp., is the most complete basal sauropod currently known. The taxon shares many anatomical characters with Middle Jurassic East Asian sauropods, while it is strongly dissimilar to Lower and Middle Jurassic South American and Indian forms. A possible explanation for this pattern is a separation of Laurasian and South Gondwanan Middle Jurassic sauropod faunas by geographic barriers. Integration of phylogenetic analyses and paleogeographic data reveals congruence between early sauropod evolution and hypotheses about Jurassic paleoclimate and phytogeography.Spinophorosaurus demonstrates that many putatively derived characters of Middle Jurassic East Asian sauropods are plesiomorphic for eusauropods, while South Gondwanan eusauropods may represent a specialized line. The anatomy of Spinophorosaurus indicates that key innovations in Jurassic sauropod evolution might have taken place in North Africa, an area close to the equator with summer-wet climate at that time. Jurassic climatic zones and phytogeography possibly controlled early sauropod diversification