Relação de vinculação e de suporte social vivenciados pelos idosos nas instituições

O envelhecimento é uma questão que interessa a todos, perceber a forma de o vivenciar de forma equilibrada e ajustada tornou-se o ponto de interesse deste estudo, dai o objetivo da investigação foi analisar e compreender como são vivenciados as relações de vinculação e de suporte social dos idosos nas instituições de forma a sentirem-se satisfeitos com a vida. Para o efeito foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, não experimental correlacional uma vez que se procura perceber relações entre variáveis, em que a amostra foi constituído por 50 utentes (n=50), dos quais 13 são do género feminino e 37 do género masculino, com as idades compreendidas entre os 60 e 85 anos e os instrumentos utilizados foram auferidos a população Portuguesa como, a escala de vinculação para adulto (EVA) Canavarro (1995), a escala de suporte social (MOS) Ribeiro Pais e A. Ponte (2009) e escala de satisfação com a vida (SWLS) Simões (1992). Os dados obtidos apontam que a maioria das dimensões referentes à vinculação e ao suporte social correlacionam com a satisfação com a vida. Confirmando em parte as evoluções preconizadas por diversos autores. Por sua vez, a dimensão da amostra não nos permite aspirar à generalização dos dados. No entanto, pensamos estar em presença de um estudo piloto que nos fornece indicadores suporte para estudos de maior envergadura

Adaptación de la célula β en dislipemia e insulinoresistencia inducida por dieta rica en sacarosa. Rol de la glucoquinasa

Animales alimentados con dieta rica en sacarosa (DRS) presentan dislipemia y resistencia insulínica (RI), que evoluciona con la cronicidad de la dieta desde normoglucemia e hiperinsulinemia a moderada hiperglucemia y normoinsulinemia, deteriorándose progresivamente el patrón de secreción de insulina. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar si cambios en la actividad de las enzimas fosforilantes de la glucosa (glucoquinasa y hexoquinasa) en la célula beta estarían involucrados en la alterada secreción de insulina observada en estos animales. Ratas Wistar recibieron DRS o dieta control (DC) durante 3 o 30 semanas. Cuando la DRS se administró por un corto período de tiempo (3 semanas) no se observaron cambios en la actividad de las enzimas. Luego de un período prolongado de ingesta de DRS la actividad glucoquinasa disminuyó sin cambios en la actividad hexoquinasa. La menor actividad glucoquinasa podría ser uno de los factores involucrados en la deteriorada secreción de insulina observada en animales alimentados crónicamente con DRS.β cell adaptation in dyslipemia and insulin resistance induced by sucrose rich diet. Role of Glucokinase. Animals fed a sucrose rich diet (SRD) show dyslipemia and insulin resistance (IR) that evolve from normoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia to moderate hyperglycemia and normoinsulinemia with the length of time the diet is consumed. This is accompanied by a progressive deterioration in insulin secretion pattern. The aim of the present work was to evaluate if changes in the activity of β cell glucose phosphorylating enzymes (glucokinase and hexokinase) would be involved in the altered insulin secretion observed in this animals. Wistar rats received SRD or control diet (CD) for 3 or 30 weeks. When the SRD was administered for a short period of time (3 weeks) no changes were observed in the activity of both enzymes. After a prolonged period of SRD intake glucokinase activity decreased without changes in hexokinase activity. The decreased glucokinase activity could be some of the factors involved in the impaired insulin secretion observed in animals fed chronically a sucrose rich diet.Fil: Ferreira Cordoneda, Maria del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Chicco, Adriana Graciela. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Bolzon, Yolanda Ana Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentin

An Itchy Problem: A Clinical Case of Crusted Scabies

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. A more severe form called crusted or Norwegian scabies may occur in immunosuppressed patients and the elderly. Crusted scabies mostly differs from normal scabies by the exuberance of its lesions, body distribution and high contagiousness, and requires different and more prolonged treatment. Early recognition of the lesions and isolation precautions are crucial for disease control and prevention of transmission. The authors describe a clinical case of crusted scabies with pruritus and exuberant cutaneous lesions

Dietary chia seed induced changes in hepatic transcription factors and their target lipogenic and oxidative enzyme activities in dyslipidaemic insulin-resistant rats

The present study analyses the effect of dietary chia seed rich in n-3 a-linolenic acid on the mechanisms underlying dyslipidaemia and liver steatosis developed in rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) for either 3 weeks or 5 months. The key hepatic enzyme activities such as fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and fatty acid oxidase (FAO) involved in lipid metabolism and the protein mass levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and PPARa were studied. (1) For 3 weeks, Wistar rats were fed either a SRD with 11% of maize oil (MO) as dietary fat or a SRD in which chia seed replaced MO (SRD þ Chia). (2) A second group of rats were fed a SRD for 3 months. Afterwards, half the rats continued with the SRD while for the other half, MO was replaced by chia for 2 months (SRD þ Chia). In a control group, maize starch replaced sucrose. Liver TAG and the aforementioned parameters were analysed in all groups. The replacement of MO by chia in the SRD prevented (3 weeks) or improved/normalised (5 months) increases in dyslipidaemia, liver TAG, FAS, ACC and G-6-PDH activities, and increased FAO and CPT-1 activities. Protein levels of PPARa increased, and the increased mature form of SREBP-1 protein levels in the SRD was normalised by chia in both protocols (1 and 2). The present study provides new data regarding some key mechanisms related to the fate of hepatic fatty acid metabolism that seem to be involved in the effect of dietary chia seed in preventing and normalising/ improving dyslipidaemia and liver steatosis in an insulin-resistant rat model.Fil: Rossi, Andrea Silvana. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Cs.biologicas; ArgentinaFil: Oliva, Maria Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Cs.biologicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, María R.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Cs.biologicas; ArgentinaFil: Chicco, Adriana Graciela. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Cs.biologicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Lombardo, Yolanda B.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Cs.biologicas; Argentin

Dietary soya protein improves intra-myocardial lipid deposition and altered glucose metabolism in a hypertensive, dyslipidaemic, insulin-resistant rat model

This study investigates the effects of replacing dietary casein by soya protein on the underlying mechanisms involved in the impaired metabolic fate of glucose and lipid metabolisms in the heart of dyslipidaemic rats chronically fed (8 months) a sucrose-rich (62·5%) diet (SRD). To test this hypothesis, Wistar rats were fed an SRD for 4 months. From months 4 to 8, half the animals continued with the SRD and the other half were fed an SRD in which casein was substituted by soya. The control group received a diet with maize starch as the carbohydrate source. Compared with the SRD-fed group, the following results were obtained. First, soya protein significantly (P<0·001) reduced the plasma NEFA levels and normalised dyslipidaemia and glucose homoeostasis, improving insulin resistance. The protein levels of fatty acid translocase at basal state and under insulin stimulation and the protein levels and activity of muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were normalised. Second, a significant (P<0·001) reduction of TAG, long-chain acyl CoA and diacylglycerol levels was observed in the heart muscle. Third, soya protein significantly increased (P<0·01) GLUT4 protein level under insulin stimulation and normalised glucose phosphorylation and oxidation. A reduction of phosphorylated AMP protein kinase protein level was recorded without changes in uncoupling protein 2 and PPARα. Fourth, hydroxyproline concentration decreased in the left ventricle and hypertension was normalised. The new information provided shows the beneficial effects of soya protein upon the altered pathways of glucose and lipid metabolism in the heart muscle of this rat model.Fil: Oliva, Maria Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Creus, Agustina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira Cordoneda, Maria del Rosario. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Chicco, Adriana Graciela. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Bolzon, Yolanda Ana Rosa. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Cátedra de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin

A materialização da cartografia a partir de imagens de satélites: uma proposta para os professores da educação básica

O desenvolvimento de novas práticas pedagógicas no ensino de Geografia é necessário na atualidade, pois o modelo tradicional de ensino não consegue acompanhar as rápidas mudanças e assim, possibilitar que os alunos desenvolvam as habilidades difundidas no século XXI. Nesse contexto, teve-se por objetivo analisar a utilização do Google Maps e Google Earth como ferramentas no auxílio da leitura e interpretação de mapas para alunos do 6º ano. De forma específica, apresentar os avanços na tecnologia educacional e sua importância no ensino e aprendizagem; verificar como os professores utilizam os aplicativos de mapeamento nas aulas de geografia; e elaborar uma proposta de formação continuada para os professores, que aborde a importância desses aplicativos como recurso didático no estudo da cartografia. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de caso de escolas polos municipais de Presidente Kennedy - ES, selecionadas por possuírem em seu quadro funcional, professores de Geografia. Para tanto, foi utilizado um questionário, contendo 21 perguntas, pelo qual buscou-se verificar a utilização do Google Earth e Google Maps em suas aulas. Grande parte dos professores ainda não está preparada para o uso dessas ferramentas tecnológicas, havendo um longo percurso até que estas sejam de fato utilizadas como instrumento tecnológico e auxiliar das atividades docentes, intervindo na realidade e estimulando o pensamento crítico dos alunos para os desafios do mundo contemporâneo. Investimentos são necessários na capacitação dos professores, para atuarem de maneira efetiva utilizando as TIC’s, especialmente os aplicativos Google Earth e Google Maps, associados a outros recursos disponíveis. Conclui-se que a revolução tecnológica continuará alterando rapidamente a sociedade e a força de trabalho e, para aproveitar as oportunidades neste novo mundo, será essencial a capacidade de adaptação, iniciativa e persistência para adquirir habilidades e conhecimentos

Exploring the associations between early maladaptive schemas and impulsive and compulsive buying tendencies

The main purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate a potential relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and impulsive and compulsive buying tendencies in a sample of young adults (college students). This research adds to the cognitive perspective of consumer behavior that the cognitive schemas putatively associated with early experiences may have a strong impact on impulsive and compulsive buying. Data was obtained from 365 participants in a cross-sectional study design. Participants completed an online survey with the following instruments: Young Schema Questionnaire; Impulsive Buying Tendency Measurement Scale; Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale; and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Using multiple linear hierarchical regressions, we confirmed that the domain of over vigilance and inhibition schemas was positively associated with impulsive and compulsive buying tendencies, while an opposite association was found for the domain of impaired limits. Being a female was also a predictor of impulsive buying and compulsive buying. The results were discussed in terms of the coping mechanisms to deal with negative emotions, as a way to obtain rewards, or as a way to escape painful self-awareness. Other mechanisms related to the internalization of perfectionist expectations and the propensity to shame were also explored. Copyright © 2023 Rocha, Fernández, Castro, Ferreira, Teixeira, Campos and Rocha.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

FATORES DE RISCO PARA O ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL (AVC)

A organização mundial da saúde (OMS) caracteriza o Acidente Vascular Cerebral, pelo desenvolvimento rápido de distúrbios focais da função cerebral, com sintomas que podem durar 24 horas ou mais, de etiologia vascular, causando alterações, em planos sensórias, motores e cognitivos, conforme a área de extensão da lesão. A busca de artigos relacionados aos fatores de riscos do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) em adultos jovens, afim de compreender mais sobre a doença, como causas, sintomas, diagnóstico e mortalidade. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que buscou compreender o acidente vascular cerebral em jovens. A partir de publicações científicas indexados na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) no dia 05 a 12 de março. Procedeu-se a leitura na íntegra dos artigos e foram analisados os seguintes pontos: fatores de risco para AVC em adultos jovens, sinais, sintomas, diagnóstico e mortalidade. Resultados: Como fatores de risco para o AVC em jovens foram encontrados a obesidade, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, sedentarismo, pré disposições genéticas, doença ateromatosa, fibrilação atrial, uso de anticoncepcional oral combinado e mixoma auricular. Sinais e sintomas foram início súbito de déficits neurológicos faciais, perda de expressão facial, desvio de rima labial, plegia, distúrbio da fala, alteração do nível de consciência, crises convulsivas, acuidade visual, vertigem ou perda de equilíbrio, e dificuldade de deambular. Para o diagnóstico foram utilizados exames de imagens como a tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética. E na taxa de mortalidade foram registrados 20 387 óbitos nos anos de 2007 e 2008. Há muitos fatores de risco que o jovem está exposto, e alguns podem ser modificáveis, porém quando os jovens já possuem conhecimento sobre seus antecedentes ele adota hábitos de prevenção mais precocemente, avançando a vida com saúde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Palavras-chave: Acidente vascular cerebral. Fatores de risco. Adulto jovem

Clinical, Hematological, Blood Gasometric and Electrolytic Changes in Dogs Receiving Whole Blood Transfusions

Background: Blood transfusion is a tool capable of saving lives. Patients undergoing blood transfusion usually present several alterations in the acid-base and electrolyte balance, aggravating the condition of critically ill patients. Some studies have demonstrated haematological alterations in certain species that received whole blood transfusions, however, few studies have evaluated acid base and electrolyte changes in dogs undergoing whole blood haemotherapy. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical, hematological, blood gas and electrolyte changes in anemic dogs after whole blood transfusion.Materials, Methods & Results:Twenty nine dogs transfused due to anemia were enrolled in the study. Donors blood was collected in a transfusion bag containing citrate phosphate adenine dextrose and stored up to 24 h. Blood collections and evaluations were made before and 24 h after the transfusion. Data distribution normality was tested by the Shapiro Wilk Test. The means of the variables were compared by paired t-test. It was observed an increase in diastolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate (P 0.05) and ionized calcium (P > 0.05) and an increase in the mean partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) (P 0.05) and sodium (P < 0.05). The probable cause of anemia was monocytic ehrlichiosis (14/29), visceral leishmaniasis (1/29), babesiosis (1/29), co-infection of Ehrlichia canis and Leishmaniainfantum (2/19), co-infection of E. canis and Babesia vogeli (1/19). It was not possible to determine the etiology of the anemia in ten dogs. Discussion:Heart rate significantly reduced after transfusion, probably because of the increase in hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte values. It may be justified by the displacement of extravascular fluid to the intravascular space. Mean values of systolic blood pressure were slightly elevated before transfusion and remained elevated afterwards, while diastolic and mean arterial pressure increased significantly after transfusion. These changes may be due to the morbid condition and may be influenced by many other factors. Haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte values increased significantly after transfusion, according to what was observed in other studies. The significant reduction in pH and increase in pCO2 reflects the compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis to increase ventilation, leading to pCO2 reduction and changes in pH. The reduction in pH due to the contact of the collected blood with conservative solutions is one of the main changes thar occurs during blood storage. It was described significantly lower pH in dogs’ whole blood samples stored for more than 24h in vacutainer plastic containing CPDA-1. We may assume there was no intense pH reduction in the present study because the bags were stored for up to 24 h. Although not statistically significant, the increase of pO2 mean reflects the improvement of tissue oxygen perfusion. It was observed a significant increase in sodium ions. The mean sodium ionconcentration before transfusion was very close to the maximum reference value. Hyperkalaemia was not observed, nor was there significant reduction of potassium ions after transfusion. Several studies report hyperkalaemia and transfusion-associated cardiac arrests in humans, associated with infusion of large volumes of blood. Whole blood transfusion increased erythrogram values and did not negatively affect the electrolyte or acid-base status, representing a safe and useful tool in the intensive care of small animals.