Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Effects of antioxidant treatments

We examined antioxidant actions in 73 patients undergoing coronary artery surgery by assessing mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in ventricular biopsies obtained at preischemia and postreperfusion. Those patients who received antioxidant therapy benefited by less oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage.Fil: Milei, Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Ricardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Grana, Daniel Rodolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Boveris, Alberto Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin

Estudo da isquemia quente e reperfusão em membro inferior de ratos: efeito do allopurinol e estreptokinase

Prolonged tissue ischemia leads to changes in microcirculation and production of oxygen free radicals. The event eventually responsible for tissue death is the no-reflow phenomenon and its management is a challenge for the surgeon dealing with replantation or transplantation. We introduce a model of warm ischemia and reperfusion of the lower limb of rats with which we studied the effect of allopurinol and streptokinase. METHOD: Section of the lower limb with preservation of vessels and nerves was performed in 110 rats. Femoral vessels clamped for periods of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours of ischemia were allowed to reperfuse (groups M0, M2, M4, M6, and M8 respectively). Other groups, E1, E2, and E3, received streptokinase, allopurinol, or a combination of the two drugs after 6 hours of ischemia. RESULTS: Viability rates of the ischemic limbs after 7 days were 100% (M0), 80% (M2), 63.6% (M4), 50% (M6), and 20% (M8). In the experimental groups, E1, E2, and E3, viability rates were 67% (E1), 70% (E2), and 70% (E3). Groups M0, M2, M4, M6, and M8 differed among themselves except for groups M4 and M6. Group E1 had a higher rate of limb viability than M6 (control group) but not than M4. Groups E1, E2 and E3 had higher rates of limb viability than M6 but not than M2 or M4. DISCUSSION: The results suggest that increased viability of limbs after 6 hours of ischemia occurs when allopurinol or streptokinase is used. The combination of the two drugs does not appear to produce any additional effect.A isquemia prolongada dos tecidos leva a alterações na microcirculação e liberação de radicais livres do oxigênio, evento que pode resultar na morte do tecido, conhecido como fenômeno de não reperfusão. Um modelo em ratos de isquemia quente e reperfusão do membro posterior é proposto, e os efeitos dos fármacos alopurinol e estreptoquinase foram estudados. MÉTODO: Secção do membro posterior com preservação dos vasos e nervos foi realizada em 110 ratos. O pinçamento vascular e posterior reperfusão após isquemia quente de 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 horas formou os grupos M0, M2, M4, M6 e M8 respectivamente. Outros grupos E1, E2 e E3 receberam, respectivamente, alopurinol, estreptoquinase e a combinação de ambas as drogas, após seis horas de isquemia. RESULTADOS: As taxas de viabilidade dos membros isquêmicos, observadas após sete dias foram: M0 - 100%, M2 - 80% ,M4 - 64%,M6 - 50% e M8 - 20%. As taxas de viabilidade dos grupos experimentais foram 67%(E1), 70%(E2) e 70%(E3). Os grupos M0, M2, M4, M6 e M8 foram diferentes entre si exceto os grupos M4 e M6. E1, E2 e E3 resultaram em viabilidade de membros maiores que M6(controle), mas não em relação ao M2 e M4. DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados sugerem um aumento da viabilidade de membros após 6 horas de isquemia quando utilizado os fármacos alopurinol ou estreptoquinase. A associação de estreptoquinase e alopurinol não mostrou efeito adicional

Exercise oxygen uptake efficiency slope independently predicts poor outcome in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo Sch Med EPM, Dept Med, Pulm Vasc Grp, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, EPM, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis,Pulm Funct & Clin Exercise Physiol U, São Paulo, BrazilQueens Univ, Dept Med, Div Resp & Crit Care Med, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo Sch Med EPM, Dept Med, Pulm Vasc Grp, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, EPM, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis,Pulm Funct & Clin Exercise Physiol U, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Extinction revisited : “allee effect” and irreversibility in “schooling” fisheries

Important results of Colin Clark’s research in the 70s are used again in the discussion of the limits to the privatization of the fisheries. Those results highlighted the possibility of species extinction motivated by special forms of the natural growth function. This paper revisits the situation in which the growth function exhibits a non-feedback, or depensation, curve. The existence of non-shrinkage curves poses problems in determining the sustainable yield and has important implications for resource management. The so-called "Allee Effect" may explain the difficulties of recovery of certain stocks, even when there are a set of limitations to the fishing effort. Ultimately, it explains the extinction of some species: if we face a situation of non-critical feedback, an effect of irreversibility is introduced. These effects are considered in the schooling species fisheries case.peer-reviewe

Contrasting Cardiopulmonary Responses to Incremental Exercise in Patients with Schistosomiasis-Associated and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Similar Resting Hemodynamic Impairment

It has been reported that schistosomiasis-associated PAH (Sch-PAH) has a more benign clinical course compared with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). We therefore hypothesized that Sch-PAH subjects would present with less impaired cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses to exercise than IPAH patients, even with similar resting pulmonary hemodynamic abnormalities. the aim of this study was to contrast physiologic responses to incremental exercise on cycle ergometer between subjects with Sch-PAH and IPAH. We performed incremental cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) in subjects newly diagnosed with IPAH (n = 9) and Sch-PAH (n = 8), within 1 month of the hemodynamic study and before the initiation of specific therapy for PAH. There were no significant between-group differences in cardiac index, pulmonary vascular resistance or mean pulmonary artery pressure. However, mean peak oxygen uptake (VO2) was greater in Sch-PAH than IPAH patients (75.5 +/- 21.4 vs 54.1 +/- 16.1% predicted, p = 0.016), as well as the ratio of increase in VO2 to work rate (8.1 +/- 1.0 vs 6.8 +/- 1.8 mL/min/W, p = 0.03). Additionally, the slope of the ventilatory response as a function of CO2 output was lower in Sch-PAH (40.3 +/- 3.9 vs 55.6 +/- 19.8; p = 0.04), and the heart rate response for a given change in VO2 was also diminished in Sch-PAH compared to IPAH (80.1 +/- 20.6 vs 123.0 +/- 39.2 beats/L/min; p = 0.02). in conclusion, Sch-PAH patients had less impaired physiological responses to exercise than IPAH subjects with similar resting hemodynamic dysfunction. Our data suggest a more preserved cardiopulmonary response to exercise in Sch-PAH which might be related to its better clinical course compared to IPAH.Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, São Paulo, BrazilQueens Univ, Dept Med, Div Resp & Crit Care Med, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Processo para a produção de biolubrificante a partir de biodiesel metilico e biolubrificante obtido pelo referido processo

DepositadaDescreve um processo para a produção de biolubrificante a partir de biodiesel metílico de mamona (ricinoleto de metila) e/ou de biodiesel metílico de pinhão-manso (mistura de oleato e linoleato de metila) bem como seus respectivos produtos

Recommendations For The Treatment Of Migraine Attacks - A Brazilian Consensus

In this article, a group of experts in headache management of the Brazilian Headache Society developed through a consensus strategic measurements to treat a migraine attack in both the child and the adult. Particular emphasis was laid on the treatment of migraine in women, including at pregnancy, lactation and perimenstrual period.74326227