Echanges globaux, agents locaux. l’apport de la capoeira aux études sur la mondialisation

L’article analyse le processus d’expansion de la capoeira, un art martial d’origine « afro-brésilienne », hors du Brésil. À partir du débat sur l’internationalisation de la pratique nous problématisons l’apport des concepts d'immigration, globalisation, diaspora et transnationalisation pour comprendre ce phénomène. En se basant sur la recherche de terrain réalisée en France et au Royaume-Uni entre 2007 et 2011, la compréhension du processus d'expansion de la capoeira à l’étranger est interprétée en trois moments distincts mais reliés et qui ne sont pas restreints à une temporalité stricte. L’importance des pratiquants locaux non-Brésiliens est mise en évidence, aussi bien à l’origine que dans l’entretien du mouvement de l’expansion de la capoeira em Europe

Les mestres, les groupes et les lieux dynamiques (identité et relocalisation de la pratique de la capoeira à Paris et à Londres)

La présente thèse analyse les processus de transnationalisation de la pratique de la capoeira, un art martial d origine afro-brésilienne , en France et au Royaume-Uni. Son expansion accompagne l émigration de Brésiliens en quête de meilleures conditions de vie et de travail à l étranger, mais repose de manière importante dès ses débuts sur l appropriation et l adaptation opérées par les pratiquants locaux. À travers la recherche ethnographique au sein des groupes de capoeira en France et au Royaume-Uni et les entretiens avec les leaders des groupes et leurs élèves sont dévoilés, au long de la thèse, les rapports de pouvoir qui organisent ce marché et les mécanismes employés par les capoeiristas pour garantir leur légitimité face aux concurrents. Les résultats démontrent que les groupes de capoeira sont devenus des vecteurs de nouvelles formes de sociabilité, source d identités liées à un style de vie qui est revendiqué comme alternatif par ses pratiquants, les nouvelles identités des groupes de capoeira n ayant pas comme référence centrale le monde du travail ou l État-nation. Dans un contexte de circulation intense des individus, les groupes de capoeira dans de grandes métropoles, telles que Paris et Londres, s affirment comme des espaces d appartenance actuels, ils se constituent dans de nouveaux lieux dynamiques , auxquels leurs membres s associent et s identifient. À partir de l analyse des activités des groupes de capoeira, sont révélés les mécanismes de contrôle de l expansion de la pratique mis en oeuvre par les capoeiristas eux-mêmes.This thesis analyses the process of transnationalisation of the practice of capoeira, an Afro-Brazilian martial art form, in France and in the United Kingdom. The expansion of capoeira accompanied Brazilian emigration in search of better living and working conditions abroad, but also resulted from the adaptation and appropriation by local practitioners. Through ethnographic research among capoeira groups in France and in the UK, in particular interviews with group leaders and their students, the thesis unveils the power relations that organise the market and the mechanisms employed by the capoeiristas to ensure their legitimacy against their competitors. The results show that capoeira groups became vectors of new forms of sociability, and the source of identities related to lifestyle claimed as "alternative" by its practitioners. These of new identities capoeira groups do not have as their main reference the working world or the state. In a context of intense circulation of individuals, capoeira groups in big cities like Paris and London are emerging as new location strategies; they are located in new "dynamic places," to which its members are perceived to be connected. The analysis reveals the mechanisms controlling the expansion of the practice, which is implemented by the capoeiristas themselves.NANTERRE-PARIS10-Bib. élec. (920509901) / SudocSudocFranceF

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PORTADORES DE ETILISMO DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DE LAJEADO/RS, 2011-2012

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e ambiental de indivíduos que referem o uso de álcool cadastrados no Sistema de Informação de Atenção Básica do município de Lajeado/RS. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, transversal e com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra compreendeu 202 indivíduos cadastrados como usuário de álcool, foi utilizado SPSS v.22 para análise estatística. A faixa etária com maior prevalência foi de 40-59 anos, sendo 83,7% homens, quanto às patologias associadas destacam-se a HAS e DM, 16,3% e 5,4% respectivamente. Em relação às condições ambientais e sanitárias observou-se que a situação de moradia encontra-se adequada para a maior parte da população. Desta forma, evidenciou-se a necessidade de fortalecimento de políticas públicas visando à diminuição do uso de álcool e a promoção da atenção integral a saúde desta população.Descritores: Alcoolismo; Sistemas de Informação; Atenção Primária a Saúde; Saúde Coletiva; Políticas Públicas de Saúde

CAPOEIRA GOING GLOBAL: THE APPROPRIATION OF THE AFRO-BRAZILIAN PRACTICE THROUGH TV ADVERTISEMENTS IN FRANCE AND THE UNITED KINGDOM

This article analyze two advertisements using capoeira narratives and seek to understand how they are constructed to sell products or ‘images’ in different national contexts. The objective is to understand the processes of adaptation of the practice of capoeira to the local market. The methodology employed was the exploratory research, with the analyses of visual narratives, research in local newspapers, multisited ethnography and free flowing interviews with capoeira practitioners in France and in the UK. The first part introduces the debate about the globalization and glocalization in the case of the capoeira. Then, are presented the studies about the transnationalization of capoeira practice and the emigration of Brazilians. Further is analyzed the advertisement of the deodorant ‘Ushuaia’ in France and the way it shows the representations of capoeira, ‘Brazil’,  ‘Brazilianess’, followed by the analyze of the BBC ‘idents’ and the debate generated by this campaign in the national medias. Through articles published in the British press, we will discuss the insertion of capoeira in British society in a context of debate regarding local multiculturalism. The conclusions point to the understanding that to be used by advertisers in different national contexts, capoeira needs to be transformed in local versions, far from its original meanings

The mestres, the groups and the “dynamic places” : identity and relocation of capoeira practice in Paris and London

La présente thèse analyse les processus de transnationalisation de la pratique de la capoeira, un art martial d’origine « afro-brésilienne », en France et au Royaume-Uni. Son expansion accompagne l’émigration de Brésiliens en quête de meilleures conditions de vie et de travail à l’étranger, mais repose de manière importante dès ses débuts sur l’appropriation et l’adaptation opérées par les pratiquants locaux. À travers la recherche ethnographique au sein des groupes de capoeira en France et au Royaume-Uni et les entretiens avec les leaders des groupes et leurs élèves sont dévoilés, au long de la thèse, les rapports de pouvoir qui organisent ce marché et les mécanismes employés par les capoeiristas pour garantir leur légitimité face aux concurrents. Les résultats démontrent que les groupes de capoeira sont devenus des vecteurs de nouvelles formes de sociabilité, source d’identités liées à un style de vie qui est revendiqué comme « alternatif » par ses pratiquants, les nouvelles identités des groupes de capoeira n’ayant pas comme référence centrale le monde du travail ou l’État-nation. Dans un contexte de circulation intense des individus, les groupes de capoeira dans de grandes métropoles, telles que Paris et Londres, s’affirment comme des espaces d’appartenance actuels, ils se constituent dans de nouveaux « lieux dynamiques », auxquels leurs membres s’associent et s’identifient. À partir de l’analyse des activités des groupes de capoeira, sont révélés les mécanismes de contrôle de l’expansion de la pratique mis en oeuvre par les capoeiristas eux-mêmes.This thesis analyses the process of transnationalisation of the practice of capoeira, an Afro-Brazilian martial art form, in France and in the United Kingdom. The expansion of capoeira accompanied Brazilian emigration in search of better living and working conditions abroad, but also resulted from the adaptation and appropriation by local practitioners. Through ethnographic research among capoeira groups in France and in the UK, in particular interviews with group leaders and their students, the thesis unveils the power relations that organise the market and the mechanisms employed by the capoeiristas to ensure their legitimacy against their competitors. The results show that capoeira groups became vectors of new forms of sociability, and the source of identities related to lifestyle claimed as "alternative" by its practitioners. These of new identities capoeira groups do not have as their main reference the working world or the state. In a context of intense circulation of individuals, capoeira groups in big cities like Paris and London are emerging as new location strategies; they are located in new "dynamic places," to which its members are perceived to be connected. The analysis reveals the mechanisms controlling the expansion of the practice, which is implemented by the capoeiristas themselves

12,500+ and counting: biodiversity of the Brazilian Pampa

Knowledge on biodiversity is fundamental for conservation strategies. The Brazilian Pampa region, located in subtropical southern Brazil, is neglected in terms of conservation, and knowledge of its biodiversity is fragmented. We aim to answer the question: how many, and which, species occur in the Brazilian Pampa? In a collaborative effort, we built species lists for plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi that occur in the Brazilian Pampa. We included information on distribution patterns, main habitat types, and conservation status. Our study resulted in referenced lists totaling 12,503 species (12,854 taxa, when considering infraspecific taxonomic categories [or units]). Vascular plants amount to 3,642 species (including 165 Pteridophytes), while algae have 2,046 species (2,378 taxa) and bryophytes 316 species (318 taxa). Fungi (incl. lichenized fungi) contains 1,141 species (1,144 taxa). Animals total 5,358 species (5,372 taxa). Among the latter, vertebrates comprise 1,136 species, while invertebrates are represented by 4,222 species. Our data indicate that, according to current knowledge, the Pampa holds approximately 9% of the Brazilian biodiversity in an area of little more than 2% of Brazil’s total land. The proportion of species restricted to the Brazilian Pampa is low (with few groups as exceptions), as it is part of a larger grassland ecoregion and in a transitional climatic setting. Our study yielded considerably higher species numbers than previously known for many species groups; for some, it provides the first published compilation. Further efforts are needed to increase knowledge in the Pampa and other regions of Brazil. Considering the strategic importance of biodiversity and its conservation, appropriate government policies are needed to fund studies on biodiversity, create accessible and constantly updated biodiversity databases, and consider biodiversity in school curricula and other outreach activities

Discutir saúde e imigração no contexto atual de intensa mobilidade humana

Este artigo aborda as relações entre imigração e saúde no Brasil, partindo de uma abordagem histórica que busca contextualizar o debate no país desde o século XIX até os dias atuais. A problematização dessas relações destaca os desafios das políticas sociais de acolhimento e integração dos imigrantes no mundo globalizado. Por meio da revisão bibliográfica sobre imigração e saúde no contexto brasileiro e internacional, buscamos prioridades que se impõem à saúde coletiva em face da intensa mobilidade humana atual. As desigualdades socioeconômicas marcam a experiência de parte dos imigrantes, expondo estas populações a uma maior vulnerabilidade, adoecimento e menor qualidade de vida. Apontamos a necessária promoção da equidade de acesso à saúde, prevenção contra a discriminação, ampliação das políticas públicas, formação dos profissionais e oferta de serviços adaptados, abordando a temática das migrações como determinante social de saúde