A MERCANTILIZAÇÃO DA NATUREZA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO – MUNICíPIO DE LAGOA SANTA/MG

The present work aims at identifying the major landscape transformations taking place in Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais over the last decade. The municipality presents a scenic/physical complex of great wealth. This work seeks a greater understanding of urban expansion and its relation with the mercantilization of nature. The applied methodology consisted of a bibliographical revision of authors who work with urbanrelatedthemes such as Lefebvre, Damiani, Penna, Spósito,among others, and in the identification of agents responsible for land use redefinitions. Results revealed that second residence homes and tourism have caused significant environmental impacts, despite the official environmental speech of naturevalorization.O presente trabalho objetiva identificar as principais transformações paisagísticas ocorridas na última década em Lagoa Santa/MG, município que apresenta um complexo físico cênico de grande riqueza. Este trabalho buscou uma maior compreensão do processo de expansão urbana e sua relação com a mercantilização da natureza. A metodologia aplicada constou de uma revisão bibliográfica de autores que trabalham com a temática urbana, como Lefebvre, Damiani, Penna, Spósito, entre outros, e na identificação dos agentes de redefinição de uso da área. Demonstrou-se que o chacreamento, assim como o turismo, vêm causando impactos ambientais, em que pese o discurso ambiental de valorização do verde

A review of capture-recapture methods and its possibilities in ophthalmology and vision sciences

Epidemiological information is expected to be used to develop key aspects of eye care such as to control and minimise the impact of diseases, to allocate resources, to monitor public health actions, to determine the best treatment options and to forecast the consequence of diseases in populations. Epidemiological studies are expected to provide information about the prevalence and/or incidence of eye diseases or conditions. To determine prevalence is necessary to perform a cross-sectional screening of the population at risk to ascertain the number of cases.The aim of this review is to describe and evaluate capture-recapture methods (or models) to ascertaining the number of individuals with a disease (e.g. diabetic retinopathy) or condition (e.g. vision impairment) in the population.The review covers the fundamental aspects of capture-recapture methods that would enable non-experts in epidemiology to use it in ophthalmic studies. The review provides information about theoretical aspects of the method with examples of studies in ophthalmology in which it has been used. We also provide a problem/solution approach for limitations arising from the lists obtained from registers or other reliable sources.We concluded that capture-recapture models can be considered reliable to estimate the total number of cases with eye conditions using incomplete information from registers. Accordingly, the method may be used to maintain updated epidemiological information about eye conditions helping to tackle the lack of surveillance information in many regions of the globe.- This study was supported by FCT (COMPETE/QREN) grant reference [PTDC/DPT-EPI/0412/2012] in the context of the Prevalence and Costs of Visual Impairment in Portugal: a hospital-based study (PCVIP-study) and FCT Strategic Funding UID/FIS/04650/2013. PLR is funded by FCT (COMPETE/QREN) grant reference [SFRH/BD/119420/2016]

Observational Analysis of Fog Events in the Area of the Rio de Janeiro Harbor, Brazil

Fogs are meteorological events in which water vapor condensation in the atmosphere results in a horizontal visibility inferior to 1000 m, making air, sea and land traffic difficult. Fogs are classified according to their formation processes and require the presence of specific initial conditions, such as elevated humidity, thermal inversion and atmospheric stability. In general, when atmospheric temperature and dew point temperature are equal, there is fog formation. This can occur due to either atmospheric cooling or increase in atmospheric humidity. The objective of this study is to examine the meteorological conditions in Rio de Janeiro Harbor by analyzing the occurrence of fog, as well as observations of meta-oceanographic conditions associated with fog formation processes. Thirteen years of METAR data from surface meteorological stations located in Santos Dumont and Galeão airports were studied. The results revealed a strong seasonality of fog occurrence, showing a higher occurrence during autumn and winter. It was also observed that there is a relationship between the interannual variability and ENSO cycles and a strong fog event dependence on meteorological conditions such as atmospheric pressure and relative humidit

Allochthonous case of visceral canine leishmaniasis in Campo Mourao, Parana, Brazil

O presente relato tem por objetivo descrever o primeiro caso alóctone de leishmaniose visceral (LV) \ud no município de Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brasil, em um canino, da raça Boxer, apresentando lesões \ud oculares e cutâneas, linfoadenomegalia e esplenomegalia, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade \ud Integrado de Campo Mourão, após ter residido na cidade de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. O \ud diagnóstico da enfermidade baseou-se na observação direta de formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp., \ud em linfonodos poplíteos, sugerindo ser um caso de LV, uma vez que o animal era proveniente de área \ud endêmica para a enfermidade. A migração de cães infectados de regiões endêmicas para áreas indenes \ud torna-se um problema para a saúde pública, uma vez que poderá permitir a instalação de novos focos, \ud favorecendo a disseminação da doença em todo o país.This report aims to describe the first case allochthonous of visceral leishmanisasis (VL) in the municipality of Campo Mourao, Parana, Brazil, in a canine, Boxer breed, with eye and skin lesions, lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly, attended at Veterinary Hospital at the Faculdade Integrado de Campo Mourao, after residing in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. The diagnosis of the disease was based on direct observation of amastigotes of Leishmania spp., in popliteal lymph nodes, suggesting that a case of VL, since the animal came from an endemic area for the disease. The migration of infected dogs from endemic regions to areas unaffected becomes a problem for public health, since it may allow the installation of new outbreaks by encouraging the spread of disease throughout the country

Atendimento odontológico regular em pré-escolares da área rural do Sul do Brasil

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se fatores relacionados à orientação prévia da mãe sobre saúde bucal dos seus filhos e a frequência escolar das crianças influenciam o atendimento odontológico regular de pré-escolares moradores da área rural de um município do Sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Um estudo de base populacional foi conduzido com 264 crianças menores de cinco anos e suas mães. Dados socioeconômicos e comportamentais foram coletados por meio de questionário e as crianças foram submetidas a exames de saúde bucal. O desfecho foi o uso regular de serviços odontológicos. As variáveis de exposição principais foram o atendimento infantil em creches ou escolas e orientação materna sobre a saúde bucal da criança. A análise de regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto de variância foi utilizada para estimar as razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de uso regular foi 11,4% (IC95% 7,5–15,2). Na análise ajustada o uso regular de serviços foi associado à criança frequentar creche/escola (RP = 2,44; IC95% 1,38–4,34) e a mãe ter recebido orientação de saúde bucal (RP = 4,13; IC95% 1,77–9,61), mesmo com controle para variáveis socioeconômicas, maternas e da criança. CONCLUSÃO: Quando as mães recebem informações prévias sobre os cuidados com a saúde bucal infantil e as crianças frequentam escolas ou creches, aumenta a probabilidade de consultas odontológicas regulares em pré-escolares residentes em localidades rurais.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if factors related to the mother’s previous guidance on her children’s dental health and the school attendance of children influence the regular dental care of preschoolers living in the rural area of a municipality in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A population-based study was conducted with 264 children under five years of age and their mothers. Socioeconomic and behavioral data were collected using a questionnaire, and the children were subjected to dental health tests. The outcome was the regular use of dental services. The main exposure variables were children’s care in daycare centers or schools and maternal guidance on the child’s dental health. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance adjustment was used to estimate prevalence ratios, considering a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The prevalence of regular use was 11.4% (95%CI 7.5–15.2). In the adjusted analysis, the regular use of services was associated with the child attending day care center/school (PR = 2.44; 95%CI 1.38–4.34), and the mother received dental health guidance (PR = 4.13; 95%CI 1.77–9.61), even with control for socioeconomic, maternal and child variables. CONCLUSION: When mothers receive previous information on child dental health care and children attend schools or daycare centers, the likelihood of regular dental appointments in preschoolers living in rural locations increases

Perception of graduation students of tourism in Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) about the dimensions of touristic sustainability

O presente artigo analisa a percepção dos graduandos em Turismo da UFRN sobre o estudo das dimensões da sustentabilidade turística ao longo do Curso. Os objetivos específicos foram: traçar o perfil dos discentes; verificar a conscientização, competência e preparação dos discentes quanto às dimensões da sustentabilidade turística; identificar as inquietações dos estudantes quanto ao Curso. A metodologia teve um caráter descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, através de análises em um software estatístico. Constatou-se que a maioria dos discentes são jovens e não trabalha na área, apesar de se capacitar; estão conscientes com relação às questões socioambientais, porém estão inseguros para lidar com alguns aspectos sociais, tendo para tanto inquietações quanto às disciplinas e à conciliação da teoria com a prática.This article examines the perceptions of students of tourism in UFRN, about the study of the dimensions of touristic sustainability along the Course. The specific objectives were: to draw the learners’ profile; to verify awareness, competence and preparation of students in relation to the dimensions of touristic sustainability; to identify the concerns of students in relation to the Course. The methodology had a descriptive-exploratory character, with qualitative-quantitative approach, through analyzes using a statistical software. It was found that most learners are young and does not work in the area, despite their capacitation; they are aware about the environmental issues, but they are unreliable to deal with some social aspects, they have concerns about the disciplines and the conciliation of theory with practice