DESESTABILIZANDO IDEOLOGIAS LINGUÍSTICAS EM UMA SALA DE AULA DE INGLÊS

In this article, we problematize the perceptions of five female and two male students about discussions on language that took place in an English Oral Practice 2 classroom of an undergraduate English teacher education course (Letras: Inglês) in the second half of 2016. The discussions were held in English by means of essays and literary texts about the topic. The empirical material presented here, generated by means of interview, evidences that the discussions were relevant in the process of language ideologies disinvention, and the students emphasized the expansion of their concept of language by relating it to context, power and society. Thus, the discussions echoed in their education as teachers by promoting reflections on the role of language in the construction of unequal and subaltern realities. The reflections made here are based on critical and decolonial theorizations, which show that all knowledge is imbricated in relations of power that need to be understood

Strecker degradation of amino acids promoted by a camphor-derived sulfonamide

A camphor-derived sulfonimine with a conjugated carbonyl group, oxoimine 1 (O2SNC10H13O), reacts with amino acids (glycine, L-alanine, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine) to form a compound O2SNC10H13NC10H14NSO2 (2) which was characterized by spectroscopic means (MS and NMR) and supported by DFT calculations. The product, a single diastereoisomer, contains two oxoimine units connected by a –N= bridge, and thus has a structural analogy to the colored product Ruhemann´s purple obtained by the ninhydrin reaction with amino acids. A plausible reaction mechanism that involves zwitterions, a Strecker degradation of an intermediate imine and water-catalyzed tautomerizations was developed by means of DFT calculations on potential transition states

Alterações climáticas nas Bacias do Sado e Tejo e seus efeitos na produtividade de arroz

SFRH/BD/121892/2016A agricultura é fortemente dependente das condições meteorológicas. As alterações climáticas podem modificar padrões de precipitação levando à ocorrência de fenómenos extremos como secas e cheias. As culturas irrigadas, como é o caso do arroz, podem ser afectadas por escassez de água devido à ocorrência de extensos períodos de secas ou até mesmo cheias. Em Portugal, importantes áreas de produção orizícola estão localizadas nas bacias do Tejo e do Sado. A análise da precipitação de estações meteorológicas desde 1931/32 até 2016/17 na bacia do Sado e 1909/10 até 2016/17 na bacia do Tejo evidenciam variações similares na distribuição anual da precipitação. Desde o início dos registos até 1949/50 foi observado um período seco, seguido de um húmido desde 1950/51 até 1994/95. Um período instável e seco foi observado desde 1995/96 até à actualidade com um decréscimo no padrão de precipitação e uma maior oscilação relativamente à tendência que se vinha verificando. Em contrapartida, em períodos húmidos, o regime de precipitações é mais regular e com menos episódios muito húmidos e muito secos. Para avaliar os efeitos do regime de distribuição anual da precipitação foi estudada a produtividade de dois canteiros de arroz no intervalo de 10 e 11 anos, não tendo sido observada qualquer correlação com a precipitação porque esta depende de muitos outros factores, tais como as técnicas agrícolas utilizadas ou variedades cultivadas.publishersversionpublishe

Mental health linked to the quality of life of health professionals, from the perspective of SARS-Cov2

Purpose of the study: To analyze the state of the art on the mental health and quality of life of health professionals who worked on the SARS-CoV-2 frontline. Method: This is an integrative literature review study. Results: Regarding the content of the works selected to compose the corpus of this study, it was possible to extract that the main reasons that affect well-being are correlated with levels of stress and anxiety. In addition, the articles linked depression and anguish as one of the determining factors tangent to the quality of life axis, despite the fact that, as explored, aspects such as physical activity were a determining factor for improving the quality of life. Conclusion: The work environment directly influences the worker\u27s mental health, and thus reveals the high overload in which to carry out their work activities without resources and without support, consequently affecting the quality of life

Prevenção da doença de alzheimer

RESUMO: O mal de Alzheimer caracteriza-se por demência ou perda de funções cognitivas, memória, orientação, comportamento, linguagem, capacidade de cálculo, causada pela morte de células cerebrais. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a alimentação e os exercícios físicos como fatores de prevenção da doença de alzheimer. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa aos bancos de dados da Scielo, Google Acadêmico e PubMed, por artigos originais publicados entre 2013 e 2017, que apresentaram maior rigor científico. Os resultados obtidos revelam que a alimentação com metilxantina e vitamina D, além de exercícios físicos colaboram na prevenção da doença de Alzheimer. Com isso, conclui-se que por ser uma doença multifatorial, é necessário atuar em diversos campos cerebrais e comportamentais para que estes se desenvolvam e evitem as degenerações dos neurônios, que causam doenças como a demência.Palavras-chave:Prevenção. Alzheimer. Alimentação. Exercícios físicos. Vitamina D

Comparação de técnicas cirúrgicas convencionais com a piezocirurgia: revisão de literatura / Comparison of conventional surgical techniques with piezosurgery: literature review

Objetivo: Demonstrar utilizações da piezeletricidade em técnicas de osteotomia em diferentes cirurgias como: levantamento do seio maxilar, elementos dentais inclusos e/ou impactados, cirurgia ortognática e colocação de implantes. Métodos: Esta pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, em artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, Public Medline or Publisher Medline (PUBMED ) e LILACS sobre a comparação de técnicas cirúrgicas tradicionais com a piezocirurgia. Para a realização da busca utilizou-se os descritores "piezocirurgia", “osteotomia” e “cirurgia oral”, bem como seus correlatos em língua inglesa. Resultados: Ao término das etapas de verificação e análise restaram 12 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Diante da pesquisa realizada, constatou-se que esta é uma temática de grande relevância para o âmbito acadêmico e científico, no entanto, possui grande escassez de literatura, especialmente em periódicos nacionais. Considerações Finais: É possível afirmar com base nos achados dos artigos, que a piezocirurgia é considerada uma técnica que reduz a dor pós-operatória, o trismo e o edema e melhora a qualidade de vida pós-cirúrgica do paciente.  A principal desvantagem da piezocirurgia são os equipamentos caros, o que limita seu uso a centros com muitos recursos.

Quantification and tissue localization of selenium in rice (Oryza sativa l., poaceae) grains: A perspective of agronomic biofortification

grant number 101-030671In worldwide production, rice is the second-most-grown crop. It is considered a staple food for many populations and, if naturally enriched in Se, has a huge potential to reduce nutrient deficiencies in foodstuff for human consumption. This study aimed to develop an agronomic itinerary for Se biofortification of Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae) and assess potential physicochemical deviations. Trials were implemented in rice paddy field with known soil and water characteristics and two genotypes resulting from genetic breeding (OP1505 and OP1509) were selected for evaluation. Plants were sprayed at booting, anthesis and milky grain phases with two different foliar fertilizers (sodium selenate and sodium selenite) at different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 g Se·ha−1). After grain harvesting, the application of selenate showed 4.9–7.1 fold increases, whereas selenite increased 5.9–8.4-fold in OP1509 and OP1505, respectively. In brown grain, it was found that in the highest treatment selenate or selenite triggered much higher Se accumulation in OP1505 relatively to OP1509, and that no relevant variation was found with selenate or selenite spraying in each genotype. Total protein increased exponentially in OP1505 genotype when selenite was applied, and higher dosage of Se also increased grain weight and total protein content. It was concluded that, through agronomic biofortification, rice grain can be enriched with Se without impairing its quality, thus highlighting its value in general for the industry and consumers with special needs.publishersversionpublishe

Air Pollution’s Impact on Cardiac Remodeling in an Experimental Model of Chagas Cardiomyopathy

BackgroundChagas disease is characterized by intense myocardial fibrosis stimulated by the exacerbated production of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Air pollution is a serious public health problem and also follows this same path. Therefore, air pollution might amplify the inflammatory response of Chagas disease and increase myocardial fibrosis.MethodsWe studied groups of Trypanosoma cruzi infected Sirius hamsters (Chagas=CH and Chagas exposed to pollution=CH+P) and 2 control groups (control healthy animals=CT and control exposed to pollution=CT+P). We evaluated acute phase (60 days post infection) and chronic phase (10 months). Echocardiograms were performed to assess left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameter, in addition to ejection fraction. Interstitial collagen was measured by morphometry in picrosirius red staining tissue. The evaluation of inflammation was performed by gene and protein expression of cytokines IL10, IFN-γ, and TNF; oxidative stress was quantified by gene expression of NOX1, MnSOD, and iNOS and by analysis of reactive oxygen species; and apoptosis was performed by gene expression of BCL2 and Capsase3, in addition to TUNEL analysis.ResultsChagas groups had increased collagen deposition mainly in the acute phase, but air pollution did not increase this deposition. Also, Chagas groups had lower ejection fraction in the acute phase (p = 0.002) and again air pollution did not worsen ventricular function or dilation. The analysis of the inflammation and oxidative stress pathways were also not amplified by air pollution. Apoptosis analysis showed increased expression of BCL2 and Caspase3 genes in chagasic groups in the acute phase, with a marginal p of 0.054 in BCL2 expression among infected groups, and TUNEL technique showed amplified of apoptotic cells by pollution among infected groups.ConclusionsA possible modulation of the apoptotic pathway was observed, inferring interference from air pollution in this pathway. However, it was not enough to promote a greater collagen deposition, or worsening ventricular function or dilation caused by air pollution in this model of Chagas cardiomyopathy

P2X7 receptor contributes to long-term neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in sepsis-surviving mice

Introduction: sepsis is defined as a multifactorial debilitating condition with high risks of death. The intense inflammatory response causes deleterious effects on the brain, a condition called sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Neuroinflammation or pathogen recognition are able to stress cells, resulting in ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) release and P2X7 receptor activation, which is abundantly expressed in the brain. The P2X7 receptor contributes to chronic neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases; however, its function in long-term neurological impairment caused by sepsis remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effects of P2X7 receptor activation in neuroinflammatory and behavioral changes in sepsis-surviving mice. Methods: sepsis was induced in wild-type (WT), P2X7−/− , and BBG (Brilliant Blue G)-treated mice by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). On the thirteenth day after the surgery, the cognitive function of mice was assessed using the novel recognition object and Water T-maze tests. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, microglial and astrocytic activation markers, and cytokine production were also evaluated. Results: Initially, we observed that both WT and P2X7−/− sepsis-surviving mice showed memory impairment 13 days after surgery, once they did not differentiate between novel and familiar objects. Both groups of animals presented increased AChE activity in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. However, the absence of P2X7 prevented partly this increase in the cerebral cortex. Likewise, P2X7 absence decreased ionized calcium-binding protein 1 (Iba−1 ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) upregulation in the cerebral cortex of sepsis-surviving animals. There was an increase in GFAP protein levels in the cerebral cortex but not in the hippocampus of both WT and P2X7−/− sepsis-surviving animals. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of P2X7 receptor attenuated the production of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Interleukin-10 (IL-10). Conclusion: the modulation of the P2X7 receptor in sepsis-surviving animals may reduce neuroinflammation and prevent cognitive impairment due to sepsisassociated encephalopathy, being considered an important therapeutic target

Associação prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama

In Brazil and worldwide, an increase in breast cancer rates every year, so obese individuals have a risk of 1.5 to 3.5 more likely to develop cancer and obesity is also a risk factor for other cancers. . This article aims to analyze the association, prevalence and risk factors between obesity and breast cancer. This is an integrative literature review conducted through the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS). After selecting twenty articles, only seven were part of the final sample. According to the results obtained, in the association between breast cancer and obesity, it was found in most studies that these are directly interconnected, which present pre-obesity and general obesity among women with breast cancer. Such results are closely linked to women undergoing postmenopausal treatment. Regarding prevalence, it is high among the population studied, risk factors indicate sedentary lifestyle, low physical activity and low knowledge about its benefits. The present study is limited to the association prevalence and risk factors between obesity and breast cancer. Given the above is evident the importance of studies such as these, since they contribute directly to scholars in the area, as well as to the literature.En Brasil y en todo el mundo, un aumento en las tasas de cáncer de mama cada año, por lo que las personas obesas tienen un riesgo de 1.5 a 3.5 más probabilidades de desarrollar cáncer y la obesidad también es un factor de riesgo para otros tipos de cáncer. . Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la asociación, la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo entre la obesidad y el cáncer de mama. Esta es una revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada a través de las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), la Biblioteca Electrónica en Línea Científica (SCIELO) y la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). Después de seleccionar veinte artículos, solo siete formaron parte de la muestra final. Según los resultados obtenidos, en la asociación entre el cáncer de mama y la obesidad, se encontró en la mayoría de los estudios que estos están directamente interconectados, lo que presenta pre-obesidad y obesidad general entre las mujeres con cáncer de mama. Dichos resultados están estrechamente relacionados con las mujeres sometidas a tratamiento posmenopáusico. En cuanto a la prevalencia, es alta entre la población estudiada, los factores de riesgo indican un estilo de vida sedentario, baja actividad física y poco conocimiento sobre sus beneficios. El presente estudio se limita a la asociación entre prevalencia y factores de riesgo entre obesidad y cáncer de seno. Dado lo anterior es evidente la importancia de estudios como estos, ya que contribuyen directamente a los académicos en el área, así como a la literatura. No Brasil e no mundo a um aumento dos índice de câncer de mama a cada ano, logo os indivíduos obesos possuem um risco de 1,5 a 3,5 mais chances de desenvolver um câncer e a obesidade também é fator de risco para outros canceres. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a associação, prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através dos bancos de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências em Saúde (LILACS). Após a seleção de vinte artigos, apenas sete fizeram parte da amostra final. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, na associação entre câncer de mama e obesidade, constatou-se na maioria dos estudos que estes estão diretamente interligados, os quais apresentam pré-obesidade e obesidade geral entre as mulheres com câncer de mama. Tais resultados estão intimamente ligados a mulheres em tratamento na pós-menopausa. Em relação à prevalência, esta se encontra alta entre a população estudada, os fatores de risco apontam o sedentarismo, a baixa realização de atividades físicas e o baixo conhecimento acerca dos benefícios da mesma. O presente estudo limita-se a associação prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama. Diante do exposto fica evidente a importância de estudos como estes, desde que contribuem diretamente para os estudiosos da área, bem como para a literatura