Gorgojos (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) asociados al cultivo del pistacho (Pistacia vera L.) en Castilla – La Mancha

This paper presents the results of research carried out in pistachio plantations in the provinces of Ciudad Real, Cuenca and Toledo (Castilla – La Mancha Region), which led to the discovery of eight Curculionidae species from five genera (Brachyderes, Otiorhynchus, Polydrusus, Sitona and Lixus) of two subfamilies (ENTIMINAE and LIXINAE). Brachyderes marginellus, B. pubescens, Polydrusus subglaber, Otiorhynchus cribricollis and Lixus acicularis have been observed feeding on P. vera leaves, and they are recorded for the first time in this host plant. Polydrusus subglaber and Otiorhynchus cribricollis fed intensively in these leaves and further research on these species is recommended as they may represent important pistachio defoliators in the region. Biological and distributional data of these species are given.Se presentan los resultados de diversos muestreos llevados a cabo sobre parcelas cultivadas de pistachero en diferentes localidades de Castilla – La Mancha, en las provincias de Ciudad Real, Cuenca y Toledo. Se han encontrado un total de 8 especies de Curculionidae, de 5 géneros (Brachyderes, Otiorhynchus, Polydrusus, Sitona y Lixus) correspondientes a 2 subfamilias: ENTIMINAE y LIXINAE. Brachyderes marginellus, B. pubescens, Polydrusus subglaber, Otiorhynchus cribricollis y Lixus acicularis se han observado alimentándose de hojas de P. vera y se citan por primera vez sobre esta planta huésped. Polydrusus subglaber y Otiorhynchus cribricollis devoran intensamente sus hojas, por lo que se propone seguir investigando estas dos especies como importantes defoliadores de pistacho en la región. Se aportan datos biológicos y corológicos para las especies encontradas

Moments and associated measures of copulas with fractal support

Copulas are closely related to the study of distributions and the dependence between random variables. In this paper we develop a recurrence formula for the moments of a measure associated with a copula (a bivariate distribution function with uniform one-dimensional marginals) in the case that its support is a fractal set. We do the same for its principal and secondary diagonals. We also study certain measures of dependence or association for these copulas with fractal supports

Crossbow injuries: a case of suicide

6 p.We are reporting the case of a 65 year-old man who suffered a severe depression and committed suicide using a crossbow. The death happened at his home. The suicide victim was on his knees, with of a crossbow leveled at his thorax and located facing him on the sofa. He shot it by pulling the trigger with the bended end of a ramrod. The arrow entered between the third and the fourth rib on the left side, with a downwards and slightly outwards direction. It went through the lung and the tip of the arrow came out the back. The arrow was removed when the body was lifted, and the wounds had a three-pointed star shape which corresponded to the head of the arrow crossbow. Police enquiry and forensic investigation confirmed a suicidal manner of death. This paper presents different issues of the case, such as the attestation of tears in clothing, the morphology of the wounds or the arrow track. The case is compared with other cases in the medical forensic literature involving the use of crossbows. Finally, it is highlighted how easy it is to purchase these weapons despite their obvious power and accuracy, factors that seriously recommend legislative regulation to be increased and its use more restricted

A case of cholesteatoma in a medieval Hispano-Mudejar population (13th-14th centuries AD)

The case presented includes a left temporal bone from an individual exhumed from the Hispano-Mudejar necropolis in Uceda (Guadalajara, Spain) dated between the 13th and 14th centuries BC. External examination and computed tomography images show lesions in the external acoustic canal, in the form of diffuse widening, suggestive of a cholesteatoma originating in this canal, with invasion of the middle ear through the tympanic membrane. The difficulties with examining the internal elements of the ear are discussed, which causes the underestimation of these diseases in paleopathology studies

A case of acute plastic deformation of the forearm in a medieval Hispano-Mudejar skeleton (13-14th Centuries AD)

9 p.Introduction: Acute plastic deformation refers to a traumatic bending or bowing without a detectable cortical defect.Case Presentation and Discussion: We describe a rare case from an individual that was exhumed from the HispanoMudejar necropolis in Uceda (Guadalajara, Spain) dated between the 13th and 14th centuries AD. The case corresponds to an adult woman, with a bowing involvement of the left ulna and radius. After making the differential diagnosis with various pathologies likely to present with this alteration, we reached the diagnosis of acute plastic deformation of the forearm through external and radiological examination and comparison with the healthy contralateral forearm. Conclusions: Acute plastic deformation is a rare traumatic injury, not described until the last century and only rarely described in palaeopathological contexts. We contribute a new case, the first being sufficiently documented, contributing to the knowledge and diagnosis of this type of trauma in the ancient bone, while deepening the knowledge of the living conditions of the medieval Mudejar population of Uceda.Banco de SantanderUniversidad Complutense de Madri

Incidencia de la disfuncionalidad familiar en el bajo rendimiento académico de las/los estudiantes 4to y 5to semestre de la Carrera de Promoción para la Salud de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo

La disfuncionalidad familiar puede tener un impacto significativo en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Carrera de Promoción para la Salud, sin duda; el apoyo emocional y financiero, la violencia doméstica, el abuso de sustancias y otros problemas familiares pueden influir en los estudiantes y por ende en sus estudios provocando desinterés en la educación; por ello, la investigación planteó como objetivo determinar la incidencia de la disfunción familiar y su impacto en el bajo rendimiento académico en él periodo abril - agosto 2022. Como metodología se utilizó un enfoque descriptivo y transversal, sin experimentación, con una muestra de 60 estudiantes, para recopilar los datos, se empleó como técnica la encuesta, a través del instrumento cuestionario en la plataforma Google Forms, promoviendo la participación de padres, estudiantes y docentes; los resultados arrojaron que el 60% de los estudiantes tienen una buena comunicación y relación con sus padres, los mismos que en un cruce de variables, resalta que el 100% de los estudiantes tienen buen rendimiento académico, mientras que el 40% argumentan una mala relación o nula con su familia, lo que inciden con un bajo rendimiento académico. Como conclusión se pudo determinar que la mayoría de entrevistados tiene un buen rendimiento académico, sin embargo, un porcentaje significativo presenta bajo rendimiento académico, además indica mala comunicación en su hogar, no existe un ambiente familiar adecuado, son provenientes de familias disfuncionales, señalan que han sufrido maltrato verbal y psicológico. Palabras clave: Familia, educación, rendimiento académico, discriminación, entorno familiar.   ABSTRACT Family dysfunction can have a significant impact on the academic performance of students of the Health Promotion Career, without a doubt; emotional and financial support, domestic violence, substance abuse and other family problems can influence students and therefore their studies causing disinterest in education; therefore, the research proposed as an objective to determine the incidence of family dysfunction and its impact on low academic performance in the period April - August 2022. A descriptive and transversal approach was used as methodology, without experimentation, with a sample of 60 students, to collect data, the survey was used as a technique, through the questionnaire instrument in the Google Forms platform, promoting the participation of parents, students and teachers; the results showed that 60% of the students have a good communication and relationship with their parents, the same that in a cross of variables, highlights that 100% of the students have good academic performance, while 40% argue a poor or no relationship with their family, which affects low academic performance. In conclusion, it was determined that most of the interviewees have a good academic performance, however, a significant percentage have low academic performance, they also indicate poor communication at home, there is not an adequate family environment, they come from dysfunctional families, they indicate that they have suffered verbal and psychological mistreatment. Keywords: Family, education, academic performance, discrimination, family environment

Biology teachers training proposals for the development of scientific competences in secondary education

The acquisition of scientific competences enables students to use knowledge to identify problems, acquire new knowledge, explain scientific phenomena, and draw evidence-based conclusions on science-related issues. Hence, the importance of its study, in the field of science education, for teacher training and that its exercise in the classroom facilitates it. In our work we review the current state of educational research on the acquisition of scientific competences in the field of biology and at secondary education levels. For this, we have carried out a systematized bibliographic search on the contributions collected in the Web of Science database. A total of 74 articles are found, among them 16 works has been selected according inclusion and exclusion criteria. These works address the need for training of secondary biology teachers in the teaching of scientific competences and provide different approaches to achieve this, based, among others, on the use in the classroom of the characteristics of the nature of science; the use of educational methodologies that promote a greater active participation of students through the approach of problematic situations, as well as that stimulate critical reasoning and argumentation; and the use of activities that raise social controversies with scientific links. Finally, we consider the need for biology teacher training in these aspects that highlight the importance of inquiry as a way of experiencing science in the classroom and developing scientific literacy.Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales (Universidad de Murcia)Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales (Universidad de Granada)Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (CSIC-UGR)Grupo de Investigación HUM613 (Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y de la Sostenibilidad)Instituto Interuniversitario Andaluz de Investigación Educativa (Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad de Granada

Gut Microbiota Induced by Pterostilbene and Resveratrol in High-Fat-High-Fructose Fed Rats: Putative Role in Steatohepatitis Onset

Resveratrol and its 2-methoxy derivative pterostilbene are two phenolic compounds that occur in foodstuffs and feature hepato-protective effects. This study is devoted to analysing and comparing the metabolic effects of pterostilbene and resveratrol on gut microbiota composition in rats displaying NAFLD induced by a diet rich in saturated fat and fructose. The associations among changes induced by both phenolic compounds in liver status and those induced in gut microbiota composition were also analysed. For this purpose, fifty Wistar rats were distributed in five experimental groups: a group of animals fed a standard diet (CC group) and four additional groups fed a high-fat high-fructose diet alone (HFHF group) or supplemented with 15 or 30 mg/kg bw/d of pterostilbene (PT15 and PT30 groups, respectively) or 30 mg/kg bw/d of resveratrol (RSV30 group). The dramatic changes induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding in the gut microbiota were poorly ameliorated by pterostilbene or resveratrol. These results suggest that the specific changes in microbiota composition induced by pterostilbene (increased abundances of Akkermansia and Erysipelatoclostridium, and lowered abundance of Clostridum sensu stricto 1) may not entirely explain the putative preventive effects on steatohepatitis.This research was funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (grant number AGL-2015-65719-R MINECO/FEDER, UE), Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBERobn (grant number CB12/03/30007); University of the Basque Country (grant number GIU 18/173)

Critical evaluation of the anatomical location of the Barrington nucleus: relevance for deep brain stimulation surgery of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become the standard surgical procedure for advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) has emerged as a potential target for DBS in patients whose quality of life is compromised by freezing of gait and falls. To date, only a few groups have published their long-term clinical experience with PPN stimulation. Bearing in mind that the Barrington (Bar) nucleus and some adjacent nuclei (also known as the micturition centre) are close to the PPN and may be affected by DBS, the aim of the present study was to review the anatomical location of this structure in human and other species. To this end, the Bar nucleus area was analysed in mouse, monkey and human tissues, paying particular attention to the anatomical position in humans, where it has been largely overlooked. Results confirm that anatomical location renders the Bar nucleus susceptible to influence by the PPN DBS lead or to diffusion of electrical current. This may have an undesirable impact on the quality of life of patients

Estimación de la resistencia a la rodadura en neumáticos mediante banco de ensayos de tracción-compresión

La resistencia a la rodadura constituye alrededor del 20 % del consumo energético en automóviles. Más del 90 % del impacto medioambiental de los neumáticos se atribuye a la energía perdida en la rodadura. Cada vez más, los fabricantes de vehículos y de neumáticos invierten recursos para minimizar esta energía desaprovechada. Actualmente, con objeto de maximizar la autonomía en los vehículos eléctricos, se impone el uso de los conocidos “green tire”, que son neumáticos con una resistencia a la rodadura muy inferior a la convencional. En el sector de los camiones, las cifras son aún mayores, pues la resistencia a la rodadura supera el 30 % del consumo energético. El origen de esta pérdida de energía es debido, fundamentalmente, al comportamiento viscoelástico que presenta la goma de los neumáticos. En este trabajo, se propone una metodología novedosa para estimar la resistencia a la rodadura en neumáticos, empleando para ello un banco de ensayo de tracción-compresión.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech