The structure of Rochberg spaces

We study the structure of the Rochberg Banach spaces associated to the interpolation pair ( l∞, l1)at 1/2, and of the operators defined on them.The research of the first and second authors has been supported by MINCIN Project PID2019-103961. The research of the first and third authors has been supported by Project IB20038 de la Junta de Extremadura

On symplectic Banach spaces

We extend and generalize the result of Kalton and Swanson (Z₂ is a symplectic Banach space with no Lagrangian subspace) by showing that all higher order Rochgberg spaces R(n) are symplectic Banach spaces with no Lagrangian subspaces. The nontrivial symplectic structure on Rochberg spaces of even order is the one induced by the natural duality; while the nontrivial symplectic structure on Rochberg spaces of odd order requires perturbation with a complex structure.We will also study symplectic structures on general Banach spaces and, motivated by the unexpected appearance of complex structures, we introduce and study almost symplectic structures.The research of the first and third authors was supported in part by MINCIN project PID2019-103961GB. The research of the first author was supported in part by Junta de Extremadura project IB20038. The research of the second author was supported by FAPESP grants (2016/25574-8), (2018/18593-1) and (2019/23669-0). The research of the fourth author was partially supported by project FEDER-UCA18-108415 funded by 2014–2020 ERDF Operational Programme and by the Department of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University of the Regional Government of Andalucia

Spectral emissivity of copper and nickel in the mid-infrared range between 250 and 900 ∘^{\circ}C

A study on the radiative properties of two pure metals, copper and nickel, using a high accuracy radiometer is carried out. Their spectral emissivity between 3 and 21 {\mu}m and its dependence on emission angle and temperature between 250 and 900 $^{\circ}$C is measured. An evolution of the samples emissivity associated to the surface stress relaxation is observed, which is relieved after two or three heating cycles. Spectral emissivity of metals usually decreases as wavelength increases, but in the case of copper an irregular behaviour has been found. Its spectral emissivity shows a broad plateau around 10 {\mu}m, which can be due to the anomalous skin effect. On the other hand, the emissivity usually increases with temperature, but in the case of nickel the emissivity changes little and even slightly decreases for T > 700 $^{\circ}$C. The exper-imental directional emissivity of both metals shows the dependence on the emission angle predicted by the electromagnetic theory for metallic samples. By increasing the emission angle, the emissivity dependence on the wavelength strongly decreases. Furthermore, in the case of nickel, an emissivity increase with wavelength is observed for k > 20 {\mu}m. The electrical resistivity for both metals is obtained by fitting the experimental emissivity curves with the Hagen Rubens equation. The results agree fairly well with direct electrical resistivity measurements for copper but show a poor agreement in the case of nickel.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

Instruments of choice for assessment and monitoring diabetic foot: A systematic review

Diabetic foot is the most frequent disorder among the chronic complications of diabetes, happening in 25% of patients. Objective clinical outcome measures are tests or clinical instruments that provide objective values for result measurement. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of specific objective clinical outcome measures focused on the assessment and monitoring of diabetic foot disorders. The databases used were PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PEDro, Cochrane, SciELO and EMBASE. Search terms used were foot, ankle, diabet*, diabetic foot, assessment, tools, instruments, objective outcome measures, valid*, reliab*. Because of the current published evidence, diabetic neuropathy assessment via sudomotor analysis, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease detection by non-invasive electronic devices, wound 3D dimensional measurement, hyperspectral imaging for ulcer prediction and the probe-to-bone test for osteomyelitis diagnosis were highlighted in this study. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.No hubo financiación extern

Clinician assessment tools for patients with diabetic foot disease: A systematic review

The amputation rate in patients with diabetes is 15 to 40 times higher than in patients without diabetes. To avoid major complications, the identification of high-risk in patients with diabetes through early assessment highlights as a crucial action. Clinician assessment tools are scales in which clinical examiners are specifically trained to make a correct judgment based on patient outcomes that helps to identify at-risk patients and monitor the intervention. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review of valid and reliable Clinician assessment tools for measuring diabetic foot disease-related variables and analysing their psychometric properties. The databases used were PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, CINAHL, Cochrane, PEDro, and EMBASE. The search terms used were foot, ankle, diabetes, diabetic foot, assessment, tools, instruments, score, scale, validity, and reliability. The results showed 29 validated studies with 39 Clinician assessment tools and six variables. There is limited evidence on all of the psychometric characteristics of the Clinician assessment tools included in this review, although some instruments have been shown to be valid and reliable for the assessment of diabetic neuropathy (Utah Early Neuropathy Scale or UENS); ulceration risk (Queensland High Risk Foot Form or QHRFF); diabetic foot ulcer assessment, scoring, and amputation risk (Perfusion, extent, depth, infection and sensation scale or PEDIS and Site, Ischemia, Neuropathy, Bacterial Infection, and Depth score or SINBAD); and diabetic foot ulcer measurement (Leg Ulcer Measurement Tool LUMT). © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.No hubo financiación extern

Emprendimiento en la Universidad de Extremadura - GUESS 2016

En este trabajo, el lector puede encontrar evidencias, medidas, conocimiento, creo que muy interesantes y, sobre todo útiles, sobre la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Extremadura, y sus condicionantes, fenómeno, el de la intención, que es consecuencia de la actitud, las normas subjetivas y la percepción, y predictor, directamente, del comportamiento emprendedor. En todos y cada uno de los centros y grados que oferta la Universidad de Extremadura hay estudiantes con potencial emprendedor. Estimamos que este conocimiento, aportado por GUESSS, puede y debe empujar hacia la construcción de un Modelo de Universidad Emprendedora, al servicio del desarrollo económico y social de su entorno, la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura. La Educación Emprendedora, es clave para cambiar, de fondo, la situación económica de Extremadura. Creemos que, con los adecuados modelos, metodologías y profesorado, debería implantarse en todo el sistema educativo, y, en la Universidad, en todos sus grados, posgrados y doctorados.In this work, the reader can find evidence, measures, knowledge, I think very interesting and, above all, useful, about the entrepreneurial intention of the students of the University of Extremadura, and its determinant, phenomenon, that of the intention, which is consequence of attitude, subjective norms and perception, and predictor, directly, of enterprising behavior. In each and every one of the centers and degrees offered by the University of Extremadura there are students with enterprising potential. We believe that this knowledge, contributed by GUESSS, can and should push towards the construction of an Entrepreneurship University Model, at the service of the economic and social development of its surroundings, the Autonomous Community of Extremadura. Entrepreneurship Education is key to change, in the background, the economic situation of Extremadura. We believe that, with the appropriate models, methodologies and teaching staff, it should be implemented throughout the educational system, and, at the University, in all its degrees, postgraduate and doctoral degrees

Influence of a Physical Exercise Program in the Anxiety and Depression in Children with Obesity

[EN] Background: The high prevalence of childhood obesity and its multicausal etiology make it necessary to approach it through different strategies, whose objective is to promote the physical, mental, and social well-being of children. Regular physical activity, in addition to having positive effects on the physical environment of those who practice it, influences positively in psychological aspects such as anxiety and depression, which are very frequent in children with obesity and overweight. (2) Objective: To analyze the changes produced by a program of physical exercise based on anthropometric indicators and levels of anxiety and depression in a population of Mexican children with obesity. (3) Methods: A longitudinal study with experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The analysis population consisted of 105 children with a body mass index (BMI) for their gender and age group above the 95th percentile, of which 60 were girls and 45 were boys, with a mean age of 10.02 years (SD ± 0.79). By randomizing the participants, 54 were part of the EG and 51 of the, CG The EG participated in a physical exercise program, distributed in two weekly sessions, each lasting 50 minutes, for 20 consecutive weeks. The CG group continued its usual activities during the intervention period. An inferential analysis was performed between the socio-demographic, anthropometric and psychological variables. (4) Results: The implementation of a physical exercise program in children with obesity favors the appearance of positive thoughts, with improvements in their emotional well-being, self-perception and self-concept; although it does not produce significant changes in weight, height, Z-Score, level of anxiety or depressive thoughts. (5) Discussion: Regular physical exercise practice has positive effects on mental health, although new studies are required to analyze specifically its influence on anxiety and depression in children with obesity.S

Leguminosas leñosas de rápido crecimiento como cultivos energéticos en el Suroeste de la Península Ibérica

Este estudio pretende evaluar las posibilidades del empleo de leguminosas leñosas de rápido crecimiento como cultivos destinados a la producción de biomasa como fuente de energía. El ensayo consistió en el cultivo de 14 especies / procedencias de los géneros Leucaena (L. leucocephala, L. salvadorensis, L. diversifolia, L. collinsi), Prosopis (P. alba y P. julyflora), Sesbania (S. sesban), Chamaecytisus (C. proliferus var palmensis) y Retama (R. monosperma). Las plantas fueron producidas a partir de semillas e inoculadas con bacterias del género Rhizobium. Tras una fase de vivero fueron transplantadas en dos parcelas de ensayo sometidas a dos regímenes de riego. Durante el cultivo se monitorizó el crecimiento (altura, diámetro y peso). La producción anual de biomasa se evaluó durante 3 años consecutivos bajo tres sistemas de aprovechamiento: cortas anuales o a los 2, y 3 años. Todas las especies y variedades salvo Leucaena salvadorensis y Sesbania sesban mostraron una buena adaptación edafo-climática a las características de la zona de estudio (Huelva). La variación en las tasas de crecimiento entre especies fue muy grande desde las 0.3 toneladas de materia seca leñosa por hectárea y año (Retama monosperma, Prosopis julyflora) hasta las 25-35 t/ha y año (Luecaena leucocephala). Todas las especies soportaron bien las cortas anuales menos Chamaecytisus proliferus que se mostró muy sensible a la corta del primer año sobretodo en la parcela más regada._____________________________________We cultivate 14 species / provenances of genera Leucaena (L. leucocephala, L. salvadorensis, L. diversifolia, L. collinsi), Prosopis (P. alba and P. julyflora), Sesbania (S. sesban), Chamaecytisus (C. proliferus var palmensis) and Retama (R. monosperma). The plants were produced from seeds and inoculated with specific bacteria of the genus Rhizobium. After a nursery phase, seedling were planted in two experimental plots subjected to two water regimes. Annual biomass production was evaluated under three management systems: annual biannual and three annual clear-cutting All the species and varieties except Leucaena salvadorensis and Sesbania sesban showed a good edafo-climatic adaptation to the characteristics of the study area (Huelva). Variation in growth rates among species was high, from the 0.3 t of woody dry matter per hectare and year (Retama monosperma, Prosopis juliflora) until 25-35 t ha-1 year-1 (Leucaena leucocephala). All the species supported annual cutting with a vigorous re-sprouts except Chamaecytisus proliferus that was very susceptible especially in the most irrigated plots

Impacts of a hydroinfiltrator rainwater harvesting system on soil moisture regime and groundwater distribution for olive groves in semi-arid Mediterranean regions

Dry periods in semi-arid regions constitute one of the greatest hazardous features that agriculture faces. This study investigates the effects of using a new device called ‘Hydroinfiltrator Rainwater Harvesting System (HRHS) on the water balance of soils. It was designed for arid and semi-arid zones affected by long periods of drought punctuated by heavy rainstorms. The new hydroinfiltrator consists of a net-like shell filled mainly with biochar. It is cylindrical in shape, is placed vertically and is half-buried in the soil around the crop tree to facilitate the infiltration of rainwater, irrigation or runoff water deep into the soil. The experimental plot is located in Baena (Córdoba, southern Spain) in an olive grove where the hydroinfiltrator was installed in 90 olive trees while 10 were left as a control group. In the xeric climate (bordering on arid), typical of the region, soils without a hydroinfiltrator have had a low infiltration rate, which reduces the effectiveness of precipitation and significantly increases the risk of water erosion. The effects of infiltration assisted by the device were analysed by simulating a torrential rain in which 600 L of water were passed through the hydroinfiltrator on an olive tree which had been installed 3 years previously. Geophysical methods (electrical resistivity tomography, ERT), direct analyses of soil samples, both in situ and in the laboratory, and theoretical flow models indicated a very significant increase in soil moisture (which nearly tripled in respect to the control group) because water was absorbed into the soil quickly, preventing runoff and water erosion. The soil moisture at 20 cm depth was 2.97 times higher with the HRHS than in the control plots. In addition, olive production increased by 211% and was higher in fat yield by 177%. Moreover, the resistivity profiles, taken by ERT showed that the water that entered the soil accumulated in the root zone of the olive tree, encouraged by the preferential pathways created by the roots and away from the surface, which prevented rapid evaporation during the high temperatures of spring and summer. Here we show for the first time that the use of the hydroinfiltrator rainwater harvesting system represents a significant improvement in the use of scarce water resources caused by climate change, providing agronomic and environmental benefits for rainfed, Mediterranean agricultural systems

Thermal emissivity spectra and structural phase transitions of the eutectic Mg-51%Zn alloy: A candidate for thermal energy storage

The thermal emissivity spectrum in the mid infrared range (3 to 21 $\mu$m) as well as its dependence on temperature between 225 and 320 $^{\circ}$C has been obtained for the Mg-51%Zn (weight %) eutectic alloy, a candidate for thermal storage. The spectral curves show the typical behaviour of metals and alloys, with emissivity values between 0.05 and 0.2. It was also found that the emissivity spectrum shows variations in each heating cycle during the first few cycles. These changes are associated with the presence of metastable phases in the solid solid phase transition, present in the alloy below the melting point. The absence of signs of oxidation in air is very favourable for the use of this alloy in thermal energy storage systems. Moreover, the total normal emissivity curves obtained from dynamic spectral measurements have allowed analysing the behaviour phase transition sequence present in this alloy. These experimental results indicate that accurate emissivity measurements can be sensitive enough to account for the structural phase transitions in metals and alloys