El totus orbis y el ius gentium en Francisco de Vitoria : el equilibrio entre tradición e innovación | Totus orbis and ius gentium in Francisco de Vitoria: the balance between tradition and innovation

The article analyzes two central concepts in the international doctrine of Vitoria: the idea of the orb as a universal community of all human beings and of all peoples united by the bond of common human nature, and ius gentium as the universal law of humanity rules around the world. The work highlights the balance between tradition (cosmopolitan universalism of Stoic and Christian roots and classical natural ius) and innovation (ideas of natural rights, equality and independence of all peoples and conception of the international community as a legal community) and the non-individualistic anthropology that underlies the international doctrine of Vitoria

Mainstreaming de género y cambio social

This article goes into detail about the concept of gender mainstreaming, analyzing its two basic components: (i) its substantive content that is gender approach, according to which inequality between men and women is a systemic phenomenon whose root would be the gender understood as the social (re) construction of difference between sexes and of the relationships between them; and (ii) mainstreaming as a strategy to achieve equality, a strategy for incorporating the gender equality perspective in all regulations and in all policies (global approach), a strategy that would be complementary not exclusionary of equal treatment and positive action and that would aspire to be particularly incisive for the attainment of the objective referred. Given that the goal of gender mainstreaming is social transformation, changing relationship between the sexes, as well as their social representations and given the great ambiguity that exists about what should be the meaning and the direction of changes, this paper argues that social transformation must go in line to overcome assimilationisme (assuming male models by women) and dualism between women and men, keeping separate and distinct spheres, because they both make impossible to achieve true equality. Social transformation, that needs to include men to change, should be oriented to achieve a positive mixture (a positive form of melding), a new model of society that overcomes androcentrism, because the paradigm of human that is susceptible of universalizing would be not only 'male' values but all the human qualities, skills and possibilities, such as the ones that are part of the 'male' model as the ones that are part of the 'feminine' model, since all of them are human values that any human being can practice. Finally this article highlights the potentialities that holds the Gender Mainstreaming strategy and also its risks and difficulties

Wronskian formula for confluent second-order supersymmetric quantum mechanics

The confluent second-order supersymmetric quantum mechanics, for which the factorization energies tend to a single value, is studied. We show that the Wronskian formula remains valid if generalized eigenfunctions are taken as seed solutions. The confluent algorithm is used to generate SUSY partners of the Coulomb potential.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Physics Letters

EL PRINCIPIO CONSTITUCIONAL DE NO DISCRIMINACIÓN BASADA EN EL SEXO Y LA NUEVA LEY DE PROTECCIÓN INTEGRAL CONTRA LA VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO

This work analyses the so-called “violence against women” or “gender violence” as a specific kind of violence: an example of discrimination based on sex; with both an ideological root in sexism and a structural character. The article emphasises that in the struggle against it an integrated focus, such as that adopted by Organic Law 1/2004, is necessary. This law is then examined from the constitutional principle of non-discrimination based on sex and it is argued that in general terms, the legally differentiated treatments accorded to men and women under this law is justified by the aim pursued. Moreover, these legal treatments established in the fields of social, employment and legal rights meet the parameter of proportionality. Furthermore, these qualified types of criminal conduct that demand an additional ground for aggravation (the discriminatory character of the conduct) can be brought within the provisions of the Constitution.Este trabajo analiza la denominada “violencia contra las mujeres” o “violencia de género” como tipo específico de violencia: manifestación de la discriminación basada en el sexo; de raíz ideológica en el sexismo y de carácter estructural, subrayando que para luchar contra ella es necesario un enfoque integral como el adoptado por la LO 1/2004. A continuación se examina dicha ley desde el punto de vista del principio constitucional de no discriminación basada en el sexo y se sostiene que, con carácter general, los tratamientos jurídicos diferenciados en función del sexo de la LO 1/2004 estarían justificados desde el punto de vista de la finalidad perseguida; que, además, satisfacen el parámetro de la proporcionalidad los establecidos en los ámbitos de los derechos sociales y laborales y judicial y que sería posible una interpretación conforme a la Constitución de los tipos penales cualificados en la línea de exigir un fundamento adicional para la agravación (el carácter discriminatorio de la conducta) y la concurrencia de ese fundamento adicional en el caso concreto

Three term relations formultivariate Uvarov orthogonal polynomials

Three term relations for orthogonal polynomials in several variables associated to a moment linear functional obtained by a Uvarov modification of a givenmoment functional are studied. Existence of Uvarov orthogonal polynomials is analyzed, stating conditions to ensure it. The matrices of the three term relations of the Uvarov orthogonal polynomials are explicitly given in terms of the matrices of the three term relations satisfied by the original family. Two examples are presented in order to show that the results are valid for positive definite linear functionals and also for some quasi definite linear functionals which are not positive definite.Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) 120F140Spanish Government PID2020-113275GB-I00European CommissionFEDER/J. Andalucia A-FQM-246-UGR20MCIN/AEI PGC2018-094932-B-I00European Commission PGC2018-094932-B-I00IMAG-Maria de Maeztu grant CEX2020-001105-

Geometric and statistical techniques for projective mapping of chocolate chip cookies with a large number of consumers

The so-called rapid sensory methods have proved to be useful for the sensory study of foods by different types of panels, from trained assessors to unexperienced consumers. Data from these methods have been traditionally analyzed using statistical techniques, with some recent works proposing the use of geometric techniques and graph theory. The present work aims to deepen this line of research introducing a new method, mixing tools from statistics and graph theory, for the analysis of data from Projective Mapping. In addition, a large number of n=349 unexperienced consumers is considered for the first time in Projective Mapping, evaluating nine commercial chocolate chips cookies which include a blind duplicate of a multinational best-selling brand and seven private labels. The data obtained are processed using the standard statistical technique Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA), the recently appeared geometric method SensoGraph using Gabriel clustering, and the novel variant introduced here which is based on the pairwise distances between samples. All methods provide the same groups of samples, with the blind duplicates appearing close together. Finally, the stability of the results is studied using bootstrapping and the RV and Mantel coefficients. The results suggest that, even for unexperienced consumers, highly stable results can be achieved for MFA and SensoGraph when considering a large enough number of assessors, around 200 for the consensus map of MFA or the global similarity matrix of SensoGraph.Comment: 21 pages, 16 figures, 1 tabl

Vías de emergencia en enfermería

Cartel presentado en la Segunda Conferencia Internacional de Comunicación en Salud, celebrada el 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de MadridIntroducción: la vía intraósea ha adquirido en las últimas décadas creciente interés y utilización debido a las nuevas recomendaciones de la Asociación Americana del Corazón (AHA) y El Consejo Europeo de Resucitación (ERC). Es una intervención de Enfermería que se encuentra recogida en la Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería (NIC). El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar el conocimiento sobre la vía intraósea que poseen los profesionales de enfermería en las Unidades de UCI, Urgencias y Pediatría. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal, mediante un cuestionario anónimo contando con una muestra de 56 profesionales de enfermería previo consentimiento informado. Los resultados principales que se obtienen del estudio ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de formación de los profesionales de enfermería en la canalización de la vía intraósea, mostrando que el 48,21% califican como “Malo” su formación en esta técnica, el 25% como “Bueno” y el 26,79% como “Ninguno”. Posteriormente, se realiza una intervención formativa utilizando una metodología e-learning y se concluye con un aumento de conocimientos sobre la vía intraósea en 2,96 puntos de los profesionales que han participado en el estudio. Objetivos: valorar el nivel de conocimientos del personal de enfermería del Hospital San Juan De La Cruz de Úbeda en las Unidades de Urgencias, UCI y Pediatría sobre la vía intraósea y capacitarlos para la adecuada realización de esta técnica. Metodología y principales resultados y conclusiones: estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal llevado a cabo de Diciembre 2014 a Mayo 2015 en las Unidades de UCI, Urgencias y Pediatría. La intervención formativa sobre el uso y manejo de la vía intraósea ha sido un éxito; los profesionales han adquirido nuevos conocimientos sobre esta técnica; observando los resultados del Pretesty Postestse ve a simple vista la efectividad de dicha intervención

EL BALNEARIO ROMANO: ASPECTOS MÉDICOS, FUNCIONALES Y RELIGIOSOS

In the article the spas are studied in the Roman world. The medicinal function is analyzed (balneotherapy) in the old world. Their operation is also studied, from the construction process until one day in the normal life of a spa. Lastly the religious character of the medicinal sources as well as the gods related with the cult to the waters.En el artículo se estudian los balnearios en el mundo romano. Se analiza la función medicinal (balneoterapia) en el mundo antiguo. También se estudia su funcionamiento, desde el proceso de construcción hasta un día en la vida normal de un balneario. Por último el carácter religioso de las fuentes medicinales así como los dioses relacionados con el culto a las aguas