Human and computer estimations of predictability of words on written language

When we read printed text, we continuously predict the follow words in order to integrate information and direct future eye movements to forthcoming words. Thus the Predictability has become one the most important variables when explaining human behavior and information processing during reading. In this study we present results of word predictability in long Spanish texts, estimated from human responses in a massive web-based task. We used Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) as a way to estimate human-based predictability values computationally. We validated the human estimation of predictability with local and global properties of the text, and we showed that LSA-distance on adequate timescale captures some semantic aspects of the prediction.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Human and computer estimations of predictability of words on written language

When we read printed text, we continuously predict the follow words in order to integrate information and direct future eye movements to forthcoming words. Thus the Predictability has become one the most important variables when explaining human behavior and information processing during reading. In this study we present results of word predictability in long Spanish texts, estimated from human responses in a massive web-based task. We used Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) as a way to estimate human-based predictability values computationally. We validated the human estimation of predictability with local and global properties of the text, and we showed that LSA-distance on adequate timescale captures some semantic aspects of the prediction.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Human and computer estimations of predictability of words on written language

When we read printed text, we continuously predict the follow words in order to integrate information and direct future eye movements to forthcoming words. Thus the Predictability has become one the most important variables when explaining human behavior and information processing during reading. In this study we present results of word predictability in long Spanish texts, estimated from human responses in a massive web-based task. We used Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) as a way to estimate human-based predictability values computationally. We validated the human estimation of predictability with local and global properties of the text, and we showed that LSA-distance on adequate timescale captures some semantic aspects of the prediction.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

La fluidez del pensamiento desde la enseñanza de las ciencias

Las definiciones de la fluidez del pensamiento que se encuentran en la literatura están dadas fuera del contexto del aprendizaje de una asignatura en particular, lo que limita su utilización práctica por los didactas. La situación antes descrita impide que se diagnostiquen sus determinantes a través de las peculiaridades de la actividad cognoscitiva de una asignatura en específico. En la presente comunicación se ofrece una definición de la fluidez del pensamiento que permite su operacionalización en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias en general y de la Física en particular. Los aspectos abordados por el autor resultan útiles para conducir el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje hacia una dimensión desarrolladora

Descripción de dos nuevas especies de pseudoscorpiones cavernícolas de la provincia de Cádiz (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpionida, Chthoniidae, Neobisiidae)

Two new species of cave-dwelling Pseudoscorpionida from Cádiz (South Spain) are described: Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) aguileraorum sp. n. and Neobisium (Ommatoblothrus) rodrigoi sp. n., and it is compared with the close relatives species.Se describen dos nuevas especies de Pseudoscorpionida cavernícolas procedentes de la provincia de Cádiz (sur de España): Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) aguileraorum sp. n. y Neobisium (Ommatoblothrus) rodrigoi sp. n., y se comparan con las especias más próximas

Las procesiones y su canto en la liturgia hispánica

Much is known about processions within the Roman liturgy. However, processions of the Old Hispanic rite practiced in most of Christian Iberia until c. 1080 have been barely studied. Manuscripts from the Old hispanic rite preserve rubrics that explicitly show features and context for such processions. These processions happened around or during Mass (for example, on Palm Sunday), at the end of Vespers or Matutinum (for example, the consecration of a basilica), or even outside the usual daily liturgy (for example, votive ordos). In this article, we have collated all the rubrics pertaining to liturgical movement that were copied in the extant Old Hispanic manuscrits. Some of these unquestionably refer to processions, while others describe ceremonies that might better be described more informally as «liturgy in motion». In particular, we have focused on the processional rubrics, while also engaging with other movements as part of the liturgy. Additionally, in this article we identify the chant genres associated with processions and outline the processional practices attested in the rubrics.Conocemos mucha información sobre las procesiones de la liturgia romana. Sin embargo, las procesiones del rito hispánico celebradas en la mayor parte de la Iberia cristiana antes de ca. 1080 apenas han sido estudiadas. Los manuscritos de la liturgia hispánica preservan rúbricas que muestran explícitamente las características y el contexto de dichas procesiones. Estas tenían lugar antes, durante o después la Misa (por ejemplo, en el Domingo de Ramos), al final del oficio vespertino o matutino (por ejemplo, en la consagración de una basílica), o incluso fuera de la rutina diaria de la liturgia (por ejemplo, en ocasiones votivas). En este artículo recopilamos la totalidad de las rúbricas que se transmiten en los manuscritos del rito hispánico y que informan sobre movimiento litúrgico. Algunas de estas rúbricas se refieren de forma inequívoca a procesiones, mientras que otras describen ceremonias que bien podrían ser descritas, más informalmente, como «liturgia en movimiento». En particular, nos hemos centrado en aquellas rúbricas procesionales, si bien hemos prestado también atención a otros movimientos como parte de la liturgia. Además, en este artículo identificamos los géneros de canto asociados con las procesiones y definimos las prácticas procesionales que atestiguan dichas rúbricas.

SPROUTY-2 represses the epithelial phenotype of colon carcinoma cells via upregulation of ZEB1 mediated by ETS1 and miR-200/miR-150

SPROUTY-2 (SPRY2) is a modulator of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling with receptor- and cell type-dependent inhibitory or enhancing effects. Studies on the action of SPRY2 in major cancers are conflicting and its role remains unclear. Here we have dissected SPRY2 action in human colon cancer. Global transcriptomic analyses show that SPRY2 downregulates genes encoding tight junction proteins such as claudin-7 and occludin and other cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion molecules in human SW480- ADH colon carcinoma cells. Moreover, SPRY2 represses LLGLL2/HUGL2, PATJ1/INADL and ST14, main regulators of the polarized epithelial phenotype, and ESRP1, an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibitor. A key action of SPRY2 is the upregulation of the major EMT inducer ZEB1, as these effects are reversed by ZEB1 knock-down by means of RNA interference. Consistently, we found an inverse correlation between the expression level of claudin-7 and those of SPRY2 and ZEB1 in human colon tumors. Mechanistically, ZEB1 upregulation by SPRY2 results from the combined induction of ETS1 transcription factor and the repression of microRNAs (miR-200 family, miR-150) that target ZEB1 RNA. Moreover, SPRY2 increased AKT activation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) whereas AKT and also Src inhibition reduced the induction of ZEB1. Altogether, these data suggest that AKT and Src are implicated in SPRY2 action. Collectively, these results show a tumorigenic role of SPRY2 in colon cancer that is based on the dysregulation of tight junction and epithelial polarity master genes via upregulation of ZEB1. The dissection of the mechanism of action of SPRY2 in colon cancer cells is important to understand the upregulation of this gene in a subset of patients with this neoplasia that have poor prognosis.This study was supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (grant SAF2013-43468-R to A.M., SAF2011-29530 to F.X.R.); FEDERInstituto de Salud Carlos III (RD12/0036/0021 to A.M. and J.M.R., RD12/0036/0034 to F.X.R., RD12/0036/0016 to M.S., RD12/0036/0012 to H.G.P., RD06/0020/0003, PS09/00562 and PI13/00703 to J.M.R.); Comunidad de Madrid (S2010/BMD-2344 Colomics2 to A.M.); Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer (to J.M.R.); U.S. Department of Defense (CA093471 and CA110602 to E.H.); National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (1R01CA155234-01 to E.H.); National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (1R21AR062239-01 to E.H.); and the Melanoma Research Alliance (to E. H.)

Effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir‐based regimens plus an NS5A inhibitor for patients with HCV genotype 3 infection and cirrhosis: results of a multicenter real‐life cohort

[Abstract] Patients with HCV genotype 3 (GT3) infection and cirrhosis are currently the most difficult to cure. We report our experience with sofosbuvir+daclatasvir (SOF+DCV) or sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV), with or without ribavirin (RBV) in clinical practice in this population. This was a multicenter observational study including cirrhotic patients infected by HCV GT3, treated with sofosbuvir plus an NS5A inhibitor (May 2014‐October 2015). In total, 208 patients were included: 98 (47%) treatment‐experienced, 42 (20%) decompensated and 55 (27%) MELD score >10. In 131 (63%), treatment was SOF+DCV and in 77 (37%), SOF/LDV. Overall, 86% received RBV. RBV addition and extension to 24 weeks was higher in the SOF/LDV group (95% vs 80%, P=.002 and 83% vs 72%, P=.044, respectively). A higher percentage of decompensated patients were treated with DCV than LDV (25% vs 12%, P=.013). Overall, SVR12 was 93.8% (195/208): 94% with SOF+DCV and 93.5% with SOF/LDV. SVR12 was achieved in 90.5% of decompensated patients. Eleven treatment failures: 10 relapses and one breakthrough. RBV addition did not improve SVR (RR: 1.08; P=.919). The single factor associated with failure to achieve SVR was platelet count <75×10E9/mL (RR: 3.50, P=.019). In patients with MELD <10, type of NS5A inhibitor did not impact on SVR12 (94% vs 97%; adjusted RR: 0.49). Thirteen patients (6.3%) had serious adverse events, including three deaths (1.4%) and one therapy discontinuation (0.5%), higher in decompensated patients (16.7% vs 3.6%, P<.006). In patients with GT3 infection and cirrhosis, SVR12 rates were high with both SOF+DCV and SOF/LDV, with few serious adverse events

On Multi-Index Filtrations Associated to Weierstraß Semigroups

This paper is a survey on the main techniques involved in the computation of the Weierstraß semigroup at several points of curves defined over perfect fields, with special emphasis on the case of two points. Some hints about the usage of some packages of the computer algebra software Singular are also given; these are however only valid for curves defined over Fp with p a prime number