HOW TO DEVELOP PROJECTS OF ATTENTION TOWARDS MENTAL HEALTH INSIDE THE PROGRAM OF FAMILY HEALTH

The development of projects of attention towards mental health inside the Program of Family Health(PFH) is presented based on a brief rescue of some aspects that compose the PFH, the Psychiatric Reform/MentalHealth and the Unique Heath System. The insertion of attentive actions towards mental health in the PFH from theexistence and the non-existence of one of the substitutives services of the mental health net around the cities,points out some articulation possibilities and an united development of how to do it

El estudio de la cultura organizacional a través de prácticas : una propuesta a la luz del legado de Bourdieu

O objetivo deste artigo é propor o estudo da cultura organizacional por meio das práticas de gestão, à luz do quadro teórico de Bourdieu. Para tanto, apresenta-se como objetivo secundário analisar o estado da arte dos estudos organizacionais que empregam esse quadro teórico. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma categorização das tendências predominantes no estudo da cultura e discorre-se sobre esse conceito, salientando sua abordagem como diretamente relacionada às práticas. O foco do estudo é a prática de gestão, entendida como manifestação cultural da organização, através da qual são trazidos à baila aspectos normativos, simbólicos, semânticos e de valores organizacionais. O recorte adotado restringiu-se à teoria da ação prática, de Bourdieu. Foi realizada uma revisão da produção acadêmica brasileira e estrangeira que empregou o quadro teórico de Bourdieu, por meio de levantamento e análise de artigos publicados em periódicos científicos, no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2003 e dezembro de 2013. A análise do estado da arte dos estudos organizacionais, efetuada em 74 artigos selecionados, 24 brasileiros e 50 estrangeiros, os quais se valem dos conceitos centrais da teoria da ação prática, revelou a carência do emprego associado dos construtos habitus, campo e capital em trabalhos sobre práticas como meio de manifestações da cultura organizacional. Por fim, propõe-se uma agenda de pesquisa que emprega o legado teórico bourdieusiano em estudos culturais em organizações, justificada ante a lacuna de esforços em abordagens culturais com a base teórica em questão.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the study of organizational culture through its management practices, based on Bourdieu's theoretical framework. In order to achieve this, it has a secondary objective, which is to analyze the state of the art of organizational studies that employ this theoretical framework. Initially, a categorization of the prevailing trends in the study of culture is presented, followed by a discussion over the concept, which highlights its approach as directly related to practices. The focus of this study is the management practice, understood as a cultural manifestation of the organization, through which normative, symbolic, semantic and organizational values are broached. The adopted cutting was restricted to Bourdieu's Theory of Practical Action. Brazilian and foreign academic literature that employed this theoretical framework was reviewed through the survey and analysis of articles published in scientific journals from January 2003 to December 2013. The analysis of the state of the art of organizational studies, comprising 74 selected articles, of which 24 are Brazilian and 50 are foreign, all making use of the central concepts of the Theory of Practical Action, revealed a deficiency of the associate employment of habitus, field and capital constructs in studies concerning practices as manifestations of organizational culture. Finally, a research agenda that employs the Bourdieusian theoretical legacy in cultural studies in organizations is proposed, which is justified in view of the gap in cultural approaches to the theoretical basis in question.El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer el estudio de la cultura organizacional a través de las prácticas de gestión, basado en el marco teórico de Bourdieu. Por lo tanto, aparece como objetivo secundario analizar el estado de la técnica de los estudios de organización que emplean este marco teórico. Inicialmente, una categorización de las tendencias predominantes en el estudio de la cultura se presenta y se elabora en este concepto, destacándose su abordaje como algo directamente relacionado con las prácticas. El objetivo del estudio es la práctica de la gestión, entendida como una manifestación cultural de la organización, a través de la cual se ejercen los aspectos normativos, simbólicos, semánticos y valores de la organización. El recorte adoptado limita a la teoría de la acción práctica, de Bourdieu. Una revisión de la producción académica brasileña y extranjera que utiliza el marco teórico de Bourdieu se llevó a cabo a través de estudios y análisis de artículos publicados en revistas científicas en el período comprendido entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2013. El estado de la técnica de análisis de los estudios organizacionales, llevado a cabo en 74 artículos seleccionados, 24 brasileños y 50 extranjeros, que hacen uso de los conceptos centrales de la teoría de la acción práctica, pusieron de manifiesto la falta de empleo asociada a las construcciones de habitus, trabajos de campo y de capital en las prácticas como medio de manifestaciones de cultura de la organización. Por último, se propone un programa de investigación que emplea legado teórico bourdieusiano en los estudios culturales en las organizaciones, justificados ante la brecha de los esfuerzos brecha en los enfoques culturales de la base teórica tratada

Amphoteric polyamidoamines in the treatment of malaria

The present invention relates to the use of amphoteric polyamidoamines with MW of 10-100 kDa as antimalarial agents or carriers of antimalarial drugs and to formulations thereof

Integrated Management of European Cherry Fruit Fly Rhagoletis cerasi (L.): Situation in Switzerland and Europe

Abstract: The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a highly destructive pest. The low tolerance for damaged fruit requires preventive insecticide treatments for a marketable crop. The phase-out of old insecticides threatens cherry production throughout the European Union (EU). Consequently, new management techniques and tools are needed. With the increasing number of dwarf tree orchards covered against rain to avoid fruit splitting, crop netting has become a viable, cost-effective method of cherry fruit fly control. Recently, a biocontrol method using the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana has been developed for organic agriculture. However, for most situations, there is still a lack of efficient and environmentally sound insecticides to control this pest. This review summarizes the literature from over one hundred years of research on R. cerasi with focus on the biology and history of cherry fruit fly control as well as on antagonists and potential biocontrol organisms. We will present the situation of cherry fruit fly regulation in different European countries, give recommendations for cherry fruit fly control, show gaps in knowledge and identify future research opportunities

NOVEL BIOACTIVE AND BIODEGRADABLE BIOMATERIALS OF POLY(AMIDOMINE) STRUCTURE

PhD thesis of Fabio Fenili R07830 Tutor: Prof. Elisabetta Ranucci Coordinator: Prof. Dominique Roberto NOVEL BIOACTIVE AND BIODEGRADABLE BIOMATERIALS OF POLY(AMIDOAMINE)S STRUCTURE Biomaterials are any materials designed to interface with biological system to evaluate, support or replace any tissue, organ or body function. Metals, ceramics, polymers and composites are biomaterials commonly used every day for biomedical applications in the form of sutures, vascular grafts, heart valves, intraocular lenses, dental and orthopaedic implants, pacemakers, biosensors, drug delivery systems, gene carriers, etc. Compared to the other types of biomaterials, polymeric biomaterials offer the advantages that can be prepared in different compositions with a variety of structures and properties. In particular, in the case of biodegradable polymers, their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics as well as degradation rate can be tuned to meet specific applications. Among polymeric biomaterials, poly(amidoamine)s (PAA), a family of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, can be considered as promising materials for different pharmaceuticals and biotechnological applications. The present PhD project aimed at the design of novel poly(amidoamine)s biomaterials of different architecture for diversified biomedical applications, each representing a distinct research sub-objective. Poly(amidoamine)-gelonin conjugates as potential anti-cancer drugs. Two PAAs bearing pendant 2-ethenyldithiopyridine (ISA1-SSPy and ISA23-SSPy) were used to investigate their ability to mediate intracellular delivery of the type I ribosome-inactivating gelonin. The strategy adopted consists of a three step synthesis. In the first step, a cystamine crosslinked PAA was synthesised generating a hydrophilic tri-dimensional network. In the second step, the hydrogel obtained was de-reticulated by direct disulfide exchange reaction with dipyridyl disulfide. Finally, the linear and soluble PAA-SSPy thus obtained was conjugated via thiol-disulfide exchange reaction to a thiol-containing gelonin, a ribosom inactivating protein. Two different recombinant protein, encoding gelonin with an N-terminal 6xHistidine (H or His) and V5 epitope tag (6H-V5 Gelonin) and gelonin encorporating a C-terminal HA and 6xHis tag flanking a cysteine residue (Gelonin HA-Cys-6H) were prepared introducing the required tag on a gelonin plasmid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), isolated and purified from E. Coli. In vitro experiments were performed on B16F10 cells using non-toxic concentration of gelonin and polymeric samples up to 2 mg/ml. ISA1-SSPy promoted the intracytoplasmic delivery of gelonin more efficiently than the parent non-functionalized ISA1 with IC50 values of 100 µg/ml. The results obtained for ISA1-SSPy-HA-Cys-6H, designed to have a covalent bound between the polymeric vector and the toxin, and ISA1-SSPy-6H-V5 Gelonin were the same, suggesting a non specific conjugation to the thiol-groups in the Gelonin HA-Cys-6H. This findings could be attributed both to the ability of ISA1-SSPy to react with protein’s disulfide groups and to the interactions between the ethenyl-dithiopyridine pendants and the hydrophobic domains of the protein, giving stable complexes. ISA23-SSPy was unable to mediate toxin delivery. Tricarbonyl-rhenium complexes of a thiol-functionalized amphoteric poly(amidoamine). In this work we investigate the possibility to design new polymeric radiopharmaceuticals using poly(amidoamine)s polymers (PAA)s and [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+. An amphoteric thiol-functionalized ISA23 copolymer (ISA23SH10%) has been obtained following a two step pathway: the first was the synthesis of polymers containing cystamine-m-Boc pendants, the second one was the reduction of the disulphide bond in the presence of dithiotreitol (DTT) as reducing agent. The copolymer was able to tightly bind up to 0.8 equivalents of Re(CO)3+ fragments, with respect to the thiol groups. The polymeric complexes, containing 0.5 or 0.8 equivalents of rhenium, respectively, were easily obtained by reacting ISA23SH10% with [Re(CO)3(H2O)3](CF3SO3), in aqueous solution, at pH 5.5. The complexes maintained the water solubility of the parent polymer and were stable in physiological conditions and also in the presence of cysteine. The coordination of the Re(CO)3 fragment involves the cysteamine-deriving moiety. A detailed 1H, 13C and 15N NMR characterization of ISA23SH10% and of complex with 0.8 equivalents of Re(CO)3+ provided a clear evidence that the binding of rhenium occurs by chelation through the S and N atoms of the -amino-thiolate fragment. A morphological evaluation by TEM analysis showed that both complexes form nanoparticles with a regular spherical morphology and a narrow size distribution. In vivo toxicological tests showed that ISA23SH10% is highly biocompatible, with a maximum tolerated dose of 500 mg/kg. Preliminary biological studies in vitro and in vivo have been performed also on both complexes. No hemolytic activity was observed, up to a concentration of 5 mg/mL, neither citotoxicity effect was observed on Hela cell after 48 h of incubation. No toxic side effects were observed after the intravenous injection in mice of the two complexes in doses up to 20 mg/kg. Poly(amidoamine)-based hydrogels as scaffold for tissue engineering applications. In this work a new synthetic method has been developed leading to PAA hydrogels with improved mechanical strength and good biological properties for tissue engineering applications. In particular a two-step pathway has been followed: in the first step an acryloyl end-capped linear Agma1 oligomer was synthesised using a controlled excess of the bisacrylamide; in the second step the oligomer was photopolymerized by UV irradiation producing hydrogels with the required mechanical characteristics. Using this new synthetic procedure, PAA-UV made hydrogels with different form and shape were prepared. In particular, tubular scaffolds with 1 mm inner diameter were tested in vivo as conduit for nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve cut model. The implants were analyzed at 30, 90 and 180 days post-surgery and resulted particularly promising in many important respects, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, lack of inflammatory reaction upon degradation and capability of promoting optimum morphological and functional nerve regeneration. The regenerated nerves showed several interesting signs of morphological improvements even at 30 days post-surgery. At 180 days the scaffold was almost completely reabsorbed and the regenerated nerve morphologically comparable to the control animals. Cationic PAA as non-viral vector for gene therapy. Recently, a new linear and amphoteric but prevailing cationic PAA, nicknamed Agma1 (Scheme 4) has been successfully tested as trasfection promoters in vitro without any signs of toxicity is despite its polycationic behavior. Based on this premise, in this work, three samples of Agma1 having different molecular weights, named AGMA5 ( =5100), AGMA10 ( =10100) and AGMA20 ( =20500) were tested as nucleic acid carriers in order to establish the relationship between the molecular weight of the samples and their gene transfer ability. All samples proved able to complex DNA forming stable nanoparticles with positively charged surface and dimensions depending on the weight/weight ratio between polymer and DNA, and pH. The molecular weight of the polymeric samples had a significant influence on their efficiency as DNA carrier. AGMA10 and AGMA20 showed good transfection ability compared to AGMA5 which was almost ineffective even at a 1:100 w/w DNA/polymer ratio. The polyplex nanoparticles proved highly biocompatible and were easily internalized in cells escaping from the endosomal vesicles and mostly localizing in perinuclear region. AGMA10 was chosen for animal experiments and proved effective also in vivo. A 1:30 DNA/AGMA10 polyplex after intravenous administration to mice induced remarkable gene expression in the liver but not in other organs, including lungs without detectable toxic side effects

Studio dell'effetto delle citochine e della metformina sull'acetilazione delle proteine in isole pancreatiche umane.

Con il termine “sindrome metabolica” non si fa riferimento ad una singola malattia, ma ad un insieme di fattori di rischio che insieme aumentano la possibilità di sviluppare un numero notevole di complicazioni e patologie. Si può diagnosticare la condizione di sindrome metabolica quando si ha la presenza di tre o più dei seguenti fattori di rischio: obesità, bassi livelli di colesterolo HDL nel sangue, elevati livelli di trigliceridi nel sangue, elevati valori di pressione arteriosa, elevati livelli di glicemia a digiuno. La sindrome metabolica porta ad un rischio due volte maggiore di sviluppare malattie cardiache e cinque volte maggiore di sviluppare diabete di tipo 2. È stato osservato che in caso di obesità si ha una produzione consistente di macrofagi e citochine pro-infiammatorie da parte del tessuto adiposo; queste modificazioni, in concomitanza con l’aumento di acidi grassi liberi circolanti e una condizione persistente di iperglicemia possono portare al diabete di tipo 2. La correlazione tra obesità e diabete di tipo 2, confermata da numerosi studi, potrebbe risiedere nella produzione di molecole pro-infiammatorie, le citochine, sia da parte del tessuto adiposo sia da parte delle isole di Langerhans pancreatiche. L’esposizione a lungo termine ad elevati livelli di citochine pro-infiammatorie, in particolare IL-1, IL-6, TNF-, può condurre a modifiche post-traduzionali delle proteine delle cellule pancreatiche, alla base della patogenesi del diabete di tipo 2. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di analizzare la variazione dell’acetilazione proteica a seguito di trattamento con un cocktail di citochine su isole umane. Si vuole è voluto valutare inoltre il ruolo protettivo della metformina nei confronti delle stesse. A tal fine abbiamo estratto le proteine da isole umane trattate con o senza citochine e/o metformina. L’acetilazione è stata analizzata accoppiando l’elettroforesi bidimensionale al western blot, usando un anticorpo specifico per le lisine acetilate delle proteine

Governança em aquisições públicas: teoria e prática à luz da realidade sociológica

- Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.- Localização na estante: 351.712.2(81) F333

Determination of the aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio for the screening of primary hyperaldosteronism in essential hypertension: a multicentric study

El hiperaldosteronismo primario (HAP) es una afección caracterizada por la producción inapropiadamente elevada y una relativa autonomía del sistema renina-angiotensina. Estimaciones previas, basadas sólo en la evaluación de hipertensos con hipokalemia, consideraban al HAP como una causa poco frecuente de hipertensión (1%). Sin embargo, estudios actuales fundamentados en el cálculo de la relación aldosterona/ actividad de renina plasmática (RAA) arrojan una incidencia mayor (5-10%), siendo la hipertensión arterial (HTA) normokalémica la presentación más frecuente. Dada la amplitud de los valores de corte de la RAA, el Departamento de Suprarrenal de SAEM diseñó un estudio multicéntrico prospectivo en una población de Argentina con el objetivo de establecer nuestro propio valor y determinar así la prevalencia de HAP. Fueron estudiados 353 individuos de ambos sexos, 104 controles normotensos, sin antecedentes familiares de HTA y 249 pacientes hipertensos. Se indicó dieta normosódica y la suspensión de antihipertensivos que interfieran con el eje mineralocorticoideo. Las determinaciones de la actividad de renina plasmática (ARP), DIA-SorinRIA, y de aldosterona, RIA-DPC, fueron realizadas en un único laboratorio. Se realizó ionograma y se evaluaron parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos de síndrome metabólico. La RAA calculada según el percentilo 95 en los controles, fue establecida en la cifra de 36 como valor de corte para sospechar HAP en los hipertensos, requiriéndose una concentración de aldosterona >15 ng/ml. Con una RAA≥36, se realizaron pruebas confirmatorias de sobrecarga salina o de fludrocortisona. La RAA fue ≥36 en 31/249 pacientes, confirmándose HAP en 8 (7 adenomas y 1 hiperplasia), con una prevalencia del 3.2%. Los restantes no completaron estudios confirmatorios. La presencia de síndrome metabólico fue similar en los hipertensos con y sin HAP. En conclusión, este primer estudio multicéntrico argentino determinó nuestro valor de corte de la RAA en 36. Su aplicación permitió establecer una prevalencia de HAP del 3,2% que, aunque podría estar subestimada, resulta significativamente mayor que la previa histórica y concuerda con la incidencia referida en la bibliografía.Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) or Conn's disease was classically suspected in the presence of hypertension (H) and hypokalemia. It was previously considered as a rare cause of H, being reported in only 1% of hypertensive patients. It can be caused by an adrenal adenoma (the former usual presentation) or by adrenal hyperplasia. But since the use of the aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio (AAR) as the screening method in the last years, it is currently considered as almost the most frequent cause of secondary H., accounting for 5-10% of essential H. Plasma rennin activity (PRA) determination is a laborious procedure with low reproducibility and it directly affects the AAR; thus each laboratory must assess its own cut-off value. Therefore, in the Adrenal Department of the Argentine Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SAEM), we performed this multicentric prospective study of a population of Argentina with the aim of assessing our own AAR cut-off level in normotensive controls in order to apply it for PHA screening in essential hypertensive patients. We studied 353 adult subjects: 104 controls, aged 45,18 ± 13,78 years-old ( X±SD), with no history of arterial hypertension in their first-degree relatives and with two separate day-registry of blood pressure≤ 139/85 mmHg and 249 hypertensive patients, aged 51± 13,6 years-old ( X ± SD), with arterial blood pressure≥ 140/90 mmHg in the sitting position. Subjects with cardiac, renal, hepatic and neurological diseases were excluded as well as those with Cushing´s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, untreated hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and patients under glucocorticoids, oral contraceptive pills or estrogen therapy. A normal sodium diet was indicated and potassium was supplemented when needed. Blood was withdrawn between 8 and 10:00 a.m. with the subjects in the upright position. Aldosterone (A) was determined by DPC radioimmunoassay (RIA) and PRA, by DIA-Sorin RIA. The A normal levels are 4-30 ng/dl for ambulatory individuals on a normal sodium diet and the PRA normal values are < 3,3 ng/ml/h. In order to avoid false positive results in the hypertensive group, AAR was calculated when A was above 15 ng/dl. We measured the waist circumference and we determined the body mass index. Blood sodium, potassium, calcium, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride and liver function tests were performed. Statistical Analysis and Results Since the AAR variable showed a non-normal distribution, the cut-off value was considered as the 95th percentile in the control group, which was calculated as 36. This is also in accordance to the function of the empirical distribution of Collings and Hamilton. In our 249 hypertensive patients, 31 had an AAR ≥ 36. PHA was confirmed in 8: seven has an adrenal adenoma and one had hyperplasia. The prevalence of PHA in our population was 3,2 %, with a 95th confidence interval ranging from 1,4 to 6,2 %. In the remaining 23 patients, confirmatory tests could not be completed. There was no correlation between the severity of the hypertension and the AAR value, with no statistical significant differences between those with or without PHA. Likewise, we found no correlation between PRA and advancing age. In hypertensive patients, metabolic syndrome was more prevalent than in controls, but it was present to the same extent in those with or without PHA. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first multicentric study performed in Argentina to determine the aldosterone/ plasma renin activity ratio in our normotensive control population. Our AAR value of 36 agrees with the levels reported in the international literature: thus an AAR ≥ 36 along with an aldosterone ≥ 15 ng/ml in hypertensive patients lead us to suspect PHA and to perform confirmatory tests. Applying these criteria, we found a prevalence of 3,2% of PHA in essential HTA. It is possible that this value may be underestimated due to the fact that confirmatory tests could not be completed in all the hypertensive subjects with an AAR≥ 36. In spite of this, our prevalence is significantly greater than the historical one and it lies in the range reported in the literature.Fil: Pardes, E.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Belli, S.. Hospital Dr. C. Durand; ArgentinaFil: Cornaló, D.. Hospital Rivadavia; ArgentinaFil: Contreras, Liliana Noemi. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas; ArgentinaFil: Costa, L.. Hospital Dr. A. Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Chervin. R.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Damilano, S.. Laboratorio de Bioanalítica; ArgentinaFil: Fenili, C.. Laboratorio de Bioanalítica; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, R. M.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Leal Reyna, M.. Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca"; ArgentinaFil: Lupi, S.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, M.. Hospital Francés; ArgentinaFil: Nofal, M.. Clínica Bazterrica; ArgentinaFil: Ruibal, G.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez"; Argentin

Gestão de materiais

Prover a visão sistêmica da gestão de materiais voltada ao setor público, por meio do estudo das atividades correlatas aos processos organizacionais envolvidos. Os principais tópicos abordados são classificação de materiais, gestão de estoques, compras, gestão de almoxarifados e gestão patrimonial.Número de páginas: 115 p.Número de slides: 223 slidesAdministração PúblicaLogística. Logística PúblicaSumário; Apresentação; Objetivo do Curso; Principais Tópicos; Metodologia; Agenda; CAPÍTULO 1 – Conceitos iniciais; CAPÍTULO 2 – Classificação de materiais; CAPÍTULO 3 – A gestão de estoques; CAPÍTULO 4 – Compras; CAPÍTULO 5: Gestão de Almoxarifados; CAPÍTULO 6: Gestão Patrimonial; Referências Bibliográficas