Age and growth of Zapteryx brevirostris (Elasmobranchii: Rhinobatidae) in southern Brazil

Age and growth studies are fundamental to successful fisheries management. Zapteryx brevirostris (Muller & Henle, 1841) is distributed off the Brazilian continental shelf and this species is assessed as "Vulnerable" in the Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Thus, the objective of this study was to present previously unknown information about the age and growth of Z. brevirostris that can be used for its management, conservation, and fisheries. A total of 162 specimens were sampled, with total lengths (TL) varying between 35.7 cm and 56 cm. The vertebrae were embedded in resin, sectioned in cuts with 0.5 mm thickness and the growth bands of the vertebrae were read under a light microscope. In the studied area, Z. brevirostris ages were estimated from 4 to 10 years according to vertebrae patterns. The species reaches its maximum asymptotic size (Linf) around 56 cm (56 cm for females and 50.37 cm for males). This is the first estimate of age and growth for a species of the Zapteryx genus, and the results support the hypothesis that this ray requires future management conservation, particularly due to its slow growth rate and consequent susceptibility to overexploitation.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) [IF/00253/2014

Challenges on Converting an Upright Ice-Cream Freezer from R404a to R290 Complying with 150g Refrigerant Charge Restriction

Glass door vertical refrigeration systems for commercial applications located in places with an elevated flux of people throughout the day have a high door opening rate, turning the maintenance of the inner temperatures below -18°C a huge challenge. Usually evaporators with wide surface area are used in order to improve the heat exchange, demanding greater refrigerant charge. Other factors, namely the evaporator’s heat exchange efficiency loss caused by the ice formation between fins and the power supply oscillations, contribute to the system’s capacity losses, affecting the fresh food flavor and preservation time as well as the end customer’s expectation.  The present work shows the results obtained through the optimization and conversion of vertical ice-cream freezer from R404a to R290 with limit of 150 g. The use of variable cooling capacity compressor and system component’s optimization were fundamental to reach the operation requirements and maintain the internal temperature even in critical operating conditions as door opening tests, with extra benefit of energy consumption reduction

Relevamiento de anticuerpos contra el virus de la diarrea viral bovina en muestras de leche de tanque provenientes de la provincia de Santa Fe

La detección de anticuerpos en muestras de leche de tanque (BTM por sus siglas en inglés: bulk tank milk) se utiliza como un método de screening en programas de control y erradicación de la diarrea viral bovina (DVB). Constituye un método económico y conveniente que permite obtener información de un importante número de animales (vacas en ordeñe) con solo una muestra. Existen kits comerciales de ELISA basados en la proteína NS3 (no estructural) del virus de la DVB (BVDV), capaces de diferenciar anticuerpos producidos por infección natural de los vacunales. Existe escasa información sobre la circulación del BVDV en la provincia de Santa Fe, por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue generar datos de prevalencia de rodeos lecheros con infección natural por este virus mediante el testeo de muestras BTM con un test de ELISA comercial.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Violencia política y conflictos sociales en América Latina

Parte I. Violencia, derechos humanos y criminalidad ; Conflictos y violencias en Colombia -- Derechos humanos y seguridad democrática en Colombia : ¿un equilibrio posible? -- Conflictividad, violencia y control social : saberes latinoamericanos contemporáneos -- Pensar la justicia de adolescentes desde el campo jurídico -- Parte II. Conflictos armados, étnicos, territoriales y por los recursos naturales -- El conflicto Mapuche y el estado de Chile : una reflexión sobre la violencia y la imagen de Chile en el bicentenario -- Entre la violencia política y social una revisión a la inmigración africana subsahariana occidental en Buenos Aires (1990-2010) -- Producción de nuevas espacialidades y cambios de autoridad. Interacción, globalización-conflicto armado-grupos étnicos -- Los recursos mineros y la protesta ciudadana en la Argentina de la última década -- Performance do crime : Componentes dramáticos e teatrais dos grandes roubos no Brasil.Editorial Universidad del Nort

Peixes do Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá, Atlântico Sul Oeste

The objective of this work was to present an updated checklist of the currently known fishes in the Paranagua Estuarine Complex (PEC) and provides comments on conservation status for the treated species. We used a large dataset derived from a pool of studies which have been conducted within there along the last 30 years. Each study was based on monthly samplings and conducted in several estuarine habitat; thus, the pool covers practically all estuarine habitats and takes into account the seasonal cycle in the system. The PEC ichthyofauna represents a mixture between that fauna typical from the tropical Brazilian coast and that with affinities of temperate Argentinean and Uruguayan zones. The PEC harbors a rich fish fauna of 213 species, inserted in the families that are common along the Brazilian coast. Only a minor part (8%) of the PEC fish fauna was evaluated as regards the conservation status, mostly because of the lack of basic biological and ecological information for most species. Despite part of the among-estuaries differences are due to different and incomplete sampling efforts, the richness in the PEC is surprisingly higher than other systems in Brazil and around world, which emphasize the importance of the region for global biodiversity conservation.CAPES Foundatio

Violencia política y conflictos sociales en América Latina

La violencia socio-económica como categoría de estudio en las ciencias sociales y humanas, ha venido adquiriendo creciente relevancia en América Latina. Los problemas y variables metodológicas asociadas a su investigación han sido abordados con mayor profundidad desde la sociología, el Derecho, la Ciencia política y la Psicología Social. Es por esto, que esta publicación se propone abordar la violencia socio-económica como una categoría de análisis e investigación interdisciplinaria, posibilitando la reflexión académica en torno a las dinámicas de construcción del poder, la institucionalidad y los movimientos sociales en América Latina.Introducción; Parte I. Violencia, derechos humanos y criminalidad. Conflicto y violencias en Colombia / Roberto González Arana, Ivonne Molinares Guerrero; Derechos humanos y seguridad democrática en Colombia: ¿un equilibrio posible? / César Barreira; Conflictividad, violencia y control social: saberes latinoamericanos contemporáneos / José Vicente Tavares-dos-Santos; Pensar la justicia de adolescentes desde el campo jurídico / Nilia Viscardi, Marcia Barbero; Parte ii. Conflictos: armados, étnicos, territoriales y por los recursos naturales. Aproximaciones teórico-conceptuales en torno al conflicto armado colombiano / Luis Fernando Trejos Rosero; El conflicto mapuche y el estado de Chile: una reflexión sobre la violencia y la imagen de Chile en el bicentenario / Loreto Correa V.; Entre la violencia política y social. Una revisión a la inmigración africana subsahariana occidental en Buenos Aires (1990-2010) / Mary Luz Estupiñán Serrano; Producción de nuevas espacialidades y cambios de autoridad. Interacción globalización-conflicto armado-grupos étnicos / Clara Inés Aramburo Siegert; Los recursos mineros y la protesta ciudadana en la Argentina de la última década / Orietta Favaro, Graciela Iuorno; Performances do crime: componentes dramáticos e teatrais dos grandes roubos no Brasil / Jania Perla Diógenes de Aquino

Cooperativismo no mercado lácteoCooperatives in the dairy market

O projeto “Assistência Técnica a Agricultores Familiares na Produção Leiteira na região Centro-Oeste do Paraná” teve como objetivo geral oferecer suporte de acompanhamento técnico e organizacional a agricultores familiares, produtores de leite integrantes do sistema de cooperativas, em dez municípios do Paraná com baixo índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH). Foram discutidas experiências vividas por seus participantes, levantando os pontos positivos e negativos referentes ao cooperativismo nesses municípios. Abstract The project “Technical Assistance for Family Farmers Dairy in the Midwest region of Parana” aims generally support for the technical and organizational to farmers dairy members of the cooperative system in ten localities of the state with low human development index (HDI). They discussed experiences of participants, raising the pros and cons relating to involved region

Characteristcs chemical and soil salinization in the Irrigated District of California, SE, Brazil

O manejo inadequado da irrigação pode resultar no acúmulo de sais no solo, cuja intensidade depende da qualidade da água utilizada na irrigação, da fração de lixiviação adotada e da demanda evapotranspirativa da região. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os atributos físicos e químicos dos solos do perímetro irrigado Califórnia, localizado no extremo noroeste do Estado de Sergipe. Para tal, foram realizadas amostragens em 42 lotes, correspondendo a 16,4% dos lotes deste perímetro. As maiores concentrações de sais e de sódio ocorreram na camada superficial (0–0,2m) do solo, o que evidenciou a falta de um manejo da irrigação adequado visando ao controle da salinidade. O aumento do pH do solo foi correlacionado significativamente com a porcentagem de sódio trocável, atingindo valores acima de 9,5. Correlações positivas significativas foram observadas entre a condutividade elétrica e os teores de Ca e Mg, indicando que sais desses íons podem estar se acumulando no solo pela ascensão do lençol freático, associado à ausência de lixiviação e drenagem. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: The improper irrigation management may result in the accumulation of salts in the soil profile, which intensity depends on the irrigation water quality, the leaching fraction adopted and on the evapotranspiration demand of the region. The objective of the present study was to study the physical and chemical characteristics of the soils in the irrigated district of California, located in the northwest of the State of Sergipe. Thus, soil sampling were made in 54 lots, corresponding to 16.4% of the lots of this district. The highest salt and sodium concentrations occurred in the shallowest soil layer (0–0.2m), evidencing the lack of an appropriate irrigation management in order to control the salinity build up. The increasing of the soil pH was significantly correlated to the exchangeable sodium percentage, reaching values over 9.5. Significant positive correlations were observed between the electrical conductivity and the Ca and Mg content, indicating that salts of both ions could be accumulating in soil by the capillary rise of the water table, associated to the lack of leaching and drainage