Analytic solutions for linear waves propagating in an ocean with variable bottom topography and their applications in renewable wave energy

Studies about ocean waves have been evolving over a period of time. Re¬cently, there has been renewed interest in problems of refraction, diffraction and radiation of ocean waves around structures. In this thesis, the analytic solutions for linear waves propagating in an ocean with variable bottom to¬pography and their applications in renewable wave energy are presented. In the first part, we present an analytic solution to the shallow water wave equa¬tion for long waves propagating over a circular hump. As a useful tool in coastal engineering, the solution may be used to study the refraction of long waves around a circular hump. It may also be used as a validation tool for any numerical model developed for coastal wave refraction. To validate the new analytic solution, we have compared our new analytical solution with a numerical solution obtained by using the finite difference method. The agreement between these two solutions is excellent. By using the analytic solution, the effect of the hump dimensions on wave refraction over the circular hump are examined. In the second part of this thesis, based on the mild-slope equation derived by Smith and Sprinks [1] and the extended refraction-diffraction equation developed by Massel [2], we have constructed a two-layer mild-slope equation for interfacial waves propagating on the interface of a two-layer ocean model. First, we follow Smith and Sprinks’s [1] approach to derive the mild-slope equation for the propagation of interfacial waves, with the higher-order terms proportional to the bottom slope and bottom curvature all being neglected. We then derived the extended version of the mild-slope equation with the higher-order terms included. While we were able to solve the first equation analytically, we presented a numerical solution for the second equation. As a part of the verification process, both solutions were compared with each other and also with the single-layer mild-slope equation when the density of the upper layer goes to zero. We then used the new solution to study the effect of the hump dimensions on the refraction of the interfacial waves over a circular hump. Finally, in the final section of this thesis, we have used what we have developed before to construct the two-layer mild-slope equation with free surface on top. By utilizing this equation, we then derived an analytic solu¬tion for long waves propagating over a circular hump with a hollow circular cylinder floating in the free surface. In order to validate our new analytic solution, we have compared our problem with Mac Camy and Fuchs [3] solu¬tion, because our solution has reduced to their solution when the lower water depth, h2, goes to zero. We have also compared our solution with the flat bottom case in order to further verified our solution. Finally, by using the new solution, both diffraction and refraction effects from the hollow cylinder and hump dimensions are examined and discussed

Financial literacy: Factor influencing the level of financial literacy among college students (A study case: Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Kota Bharu) / Nor Fatimah Muhammad @ Harun

Understanding the factors that determine financial literacy and their effects can help policymakers or responsible parties and researchers to design and implement effective interventions for youth. Main focused of this research is to examine the factor that influences the level of financial literacy among college students. The study is used primary data by questionnaires and the sample consisted of 146 students and the target population of the study is from college Poly-Tech Mara Kota Bharu in Kelantan. SPSS software system is used for running the collected data. There are three independent variables such as financial attitude, financial knowledge and family influence whereby the dependent variable is the financial literacy. The results revealed that the family influence showed most significant positive relationship with the financial literacy, whereby the financial attitude and knowledge also significant but not strong as family influence. Finally, the limitation and recommendation are included to help further researchers to have a better finding of the resul

PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP MINAT BACA GENERASI Z (SURVEY PADA FOLLOWERS AKUN TWITTER MEDIA @CNNINDONESIA)

Social media is one of many technology developments which already common in human’s life, especially for generation Z whom half of the daily works are done with the help of social media. Social media is stated as one factor that influence the development of children’s behaviour, also to human’s reading interest. In the certain amount of frequency and quality of use of social media is considered capable of influencing one’s reading interest and reading quality. This research was aimed to find out the influence of social media towards generation Z’s reading interest. The sample used in this research was generation Z whom followers of one media company, CNN Indonesia (@CNNIndonesia) on twitter with purposive sampling technique. Keywords: Social Media, Reading Interest, Generation

Pengurusan sisa pepejal di Pulau Pangkor: isu dan cabaran

Pengurusan sisa pepejal adalah satu proses yang rumit dan kritikal. Usaha-usaha untuk memastikan kemampanan pengurusan sisa pepejal di pulau tarikan pelancong yang kecil seperti Pulau Pangkor adalah lebih mencabar kerana kekangan-kekangan yang berkait dengan saiz, lokasi dan landskap pulau. Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti isu dan cabaran dalam pengurusan sisa pepejal di Pulau Pangkor. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dan data-data dikumpul dari November 2014 hingga Ogos 2015. Beberapa kaedah pengutipan dan analisis data telah digunakan seperti temu bual, Perbincangan Kumpulan Berfokus/Focus Group Discussion (FGD), pemerhatian dan lawatan tapak. Hasil analisis data mendapati terdapat empat isu serta cabaran utama dalam pengurusan sisa pepejal di Pulau Pangkor iaitu yang berkait dengan sikap masyarakat yang tidak mengutamakan kebersihan persekitaran, pengurusan sumber manusia yang tidak cekap, kemudahan penyimpanan dan pengangkutan sisa yang tidak efisien dan konflik dalam proses pelupusan sisa pepejal. Isu-isu ini merupakan cabaran utama yang perlu diatasi demi memastikan pengurusan sisa pepejal mampan boleh dicapai. Perkara ini jika dibiarkan berterusan berupaya mendatangkan implikasi negatif kepada alam sekitar. Kekurangan kedatangan pelancong akan memberi kesan kepada ekonomi penduduk yang kebanyakannya bergantung kepada kegiatan ekonomi ini. Penduduk yang menampung hidup dengan aktiviti perikanan juga akan terjejas. Selain daripada itu, sisa yang tidak diuruskan dengan baik juga boleh menjadi tempat pembiakan haiwan yang merupakan vektor pembawa penyakit dan meningkatkan kes-kes kesihatan. Pengurusan sisa pepejal yang baik perlulah diberi perhatian utama dalam usaha mencapai objektif pembangunan mampan. Ianya adalah satu usaha yang bukan mudah dan menuntut kerjasama banyak pihak terutamanya penduduk, pelancong dan pemerintah

Reconfigurable reflectarray antenna: background, classification and configurable mechanisms

Reflectarray antennas have emerged as one of the most suitable choice for 5G network base station antennas due to their ability to combine the advantages of parabolic reflectors and phased array antennas. These antennas offer a lightweight structure, high gain, and low impedance mismatch losses. High gain and low loss are crucial factors in ensuring the antenna delivers low latency and high-quality 5G radio signals. The application of 5G technology becomes more practical and efficient with the capability to adjust the functionality of a single 5G antenna or enable reconfiguration. This reconfigurable technique simplifies the multi-antenna systems and significantly reduces costs, making it more practical and systematic. Furthermore, this reconfigurability is particularly beneficial for satellite applications, as it allows for the reconfiguration of the signal in the event of satellite movement on the space. This paper aims to discuss the historical development of reconfigurable reflectarray antennas, focusing on the innovations in each configurable mechanism. The paper further explores the classification of configurations employed by this antenna, encompassing frequency configuration, radiation pattern, polarization, and hybrid configurations that integrate multiple existing configuration classifications. Finally, the research paper provides a discussion of the most recent research and innovations in the configurable mechanisms of reflectarray antennas

Analisis Pengaruh Harga Minyak Dunia, Harga Emas Dan Bank Indonesia Rate Terhadap Dana Pihak Ketiga Pada Bank Syariah Di Indonesia Periode 2010–2014

This research aims to analyze the influence of the world oil price, the gold price and the Bank Indonesia rate on the third party fund in the Islamic bank in Indonesia in the period of 2010-20140. The data used in this research are secondary data in the form of monthly time series. The analysis model used in this research is multiple linear regression with the method of Error Correction Model (ECM). The results of the research revealed that the results of the normality test of the data using the model of Jarque Bera has a normal distribution. The results of the liniearity test using the model of Ramsey Reset of the regression model has a linier form. The results of the classical assumption test revealed that there is no problem of multicoliniearity, no problem of heterocedasticity and no problem of autocorrelation. From the t test, it can be known that the variables of the world oil price, the gold price and BI rate, in a short term, have no influence on the third party fund in the Islamic bank in Indonesia, meanwhile, in a long term, the variables of the world oil price and the gold price have influence on the third party fund in the bank Islamic in Indonesia. The results of f test revealed that the model which was used existed. The determination of R2 is as much as 0.301072 that means that 30.1% of the variation of score variable of the third party fund can be explained by the variables of the oil price, the gold price and BI rate, meanwhile, the rest 69.9% is explained by other independent variables excluded in the model

Analisis Pernikahan Usia Dini Ditinjau Dari Sudut Pandang Ekonomi, Sosial dan Religi (Studi pada Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Grobogan) Tahun 2016-2019

This study is entitled "Analysis of Early Age Marriage From an Economic, Social and Religious Perspective: Study in Purwodadi District Grobogan Regency" with the aim of analyzing patterns of early marriage and factors that encourage early marriage. The research data uses primary data with a population of 103 and taken as many as 50 samples. Methods of data collection through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The analytical tool in this study uses descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that there were 2 reasons for early marriage, namely because of their own desires and arranged marriages. There are 3 patterns of early marriage, namely dispensation from the religious court, increasing the age of the KTP and siri marriage, and there are several factors driving the occurrence of early marriage which include economic factors, social factors and religious factors

Analisis Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Biaya Operasional Terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia

This research entitled “Influence Analysis of capital adequacy ratio (CAR), financing to deposit ratio (FDR), non performing financing (NPF) and operational cost to operating income (BOPO) to return on assets (ROA) of Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia”. The data used in this study is secondary data, in the form of annual time series data. These data include Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Operational Revenue (BOPO) as independent variables. The study period is from 2010 to 2016. Type of data used in this research are secondary data in the form of monthly time series. The method of analysis in this research used quantitative analysis and the analysis tool used is Error Correction Model (ECM). The results of regression Error Correction Model (ECM) , shows that the value of inaction (λ) ROA variable lies between 0 <λ <1, that is equal to 0.921329, and the probability value of ECT of 0,0001. This indicates that the model is really an ECM model. Based on the classical assumption test there is one problem that is Multicollinearity test, meanwhile there is no problem of heterokedastisitas and otokorelasi. Based on t-test variants in CAR, FDR, NPF, BOPO in the short term do not have a significant effect on the profitability (ROA) of sharia commercial banks. In the long term CAR, FDR, NPF, BOPO has a significant influence on the profitability of sharia commercial banks

Analisis Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah, Murabahah, Musyarakah, dan pada PT. Bank BNI Syariah Periode 2011 - 2019

This study is entitled "Analysis of the Effect of Mudharabah, Murabaha, Musyarakah and Ijarah Financing on the Return on Equity (ROE) Profitability Level at PT. BNI Syariah Bank Period 2011-2019 ". The purpose is to analyze the influence of mudharabah, murabahah, musyarakah and ijarah financing on the level of profitability of ROE at PT. BNI Syariah Bank. The dependent variable is the profitability of ROE PT. Bank BNI Syariah, while the independent variables include mudharabah, murabahah, musyarakah and ijarah financing. The type of data used is secondary data published by the financial services muscle (OJK) and BNI Syariah bank. The analytical method used is the error correction model (ECM). The analysis shows: (1) the classical assumption test does not have a heteroscedasticity problem but there is multicollinearity on the long-term mudaraba, murabaha, and musharaka variables; (2) Data normality test using the Jarque Bera model shows that data is normally distributed; (3) Linearity test with the Ramsey Reset model shows that the model is linear; (4) T test can be seen that the musyarakah financing variable has a significant effect on the long term and short term and mudharabah, murabaha, and ijarah financing variables are not significant in the long term or short term; (5) F test results show that the model used exists; (6) R2 obtains a value of 59.4251% which means that 59.4251% variation in the ROE variable can be explained by mudharabah, murabahah, musyarakah, and ijarah financing variables. While the remaining 40.5749% is influenced by other independent variables not included in the model