Testing quark mass matrices with right-handed mixings

In the standard model, several forms of quark mass matrices which correspond to the choice of weak bases lead to the same left-handed mixings $V_L=V_{CKM}$, while the right-handed mixings $V_R$ are not observable quantities. Instead, in a left-right extension of the standard model, such forms are ansatze and give different right-handed mixings which are now observable quantities. We partially select the reliable forms of quark mass matrices by means of constraints on right-handed mixings in some left-right models, in particular on $V^R_{cb}$. Hermitian matrices are easily excluded.Comment: 12 pages RevTex, no figures. Minor corrections. Comment on SO(10) changed and one reference adde

Measurements of Si Hybrid CMOS X-Ray Detector Characteristics

The development of Hybrid CMOS Detectors (HCDs) for X-Ray telescope focal planes will place them in con- tention with CCDs on future satellite missions due to their faster frame rates, flexible readout scenarios, lower power consumption, and inherent radiation hardness. CCDs have been used with great success on the current generation of X-Ray telescopes (e.g. Chandra, XMM, Suzaku, and Swift). However their bucket-brigade read-out architecture, which transfers charge across the chip with discrete component readout electronics, results in clockrate limited readout speeds that cause pileup (saturation) of bright sources and an inherent susceptibility to radiation induced displacement damage that limits mission lifetime. In contrast, HCDs read pixels with low power, on-chip multiplexer electronics in a random access fashion. Faster frame rates achieved with multi-output readout design will allow the next generation's larger effective area telescopes to observe bright sources free of pileup. Radiation damaged lattice sites effect a single pixel instead of an entire row. Random access, multi-output readout will allow for novel readout modes such as simultaneous bright-source-fast/whole-chip-slow readout. In order for HCDs to be useful as X-Ray detectors, they must show noise and energy resolution performance similar to CCDs while retaining advantages inherent to HCDs. We will report on readnoise, conversion gain, and energy resolution measurements of an X-Ray enhanced Teledyne HAWAII-1RG (H1RG) HCD and describe techniques of H1RG data reduction.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Trinity: An Air-Shower Imaging Instrument to detect Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos

Trinity is a proposed air-shower imaging system optimized for the detection of earth-skimming ultrahigh energy tau neutrinos with energies between $10^7$ GeV and $10^10$ GeV. Trinity will pursue three major scientific objectives. 1) It will narrow in on possible source classes responsible for the astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube. 2) It will help find the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) and understand the composition of UHECR. 3) It will test fundamental neutrino physics at the highest energies. Trinity uses the imaging technique, which is well established and successfully used by the very high-energy gamma-ray community (CTA, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS) and the UHECR community (Telescope Array, Pierre Auger

SUSY Seesaw and FCNC

After a quarter of century of intense search for new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), two ideas stand out to naturally cope with (i) small neutrino masses and (ii) a light higgs boson : Seesaw and SUSY. The combination of these two ideas, i.e. SUSY seesaw exhibits a potentially striking signature: a strong (or even very strong) enhancement of lepton flavour violation (LFV), which on the contrary remains unobservable in the SM seesaw. Indeed, even when supersymmetry breaking is completely flavour blind, Renormalisation Group running effects are expected to generate large lepton flavour violating entries at the weak scale. In Grand Unified theories, these effects can be felt even in hadronic physics. We explicitly show that in a class of SUSY SO(10) GUTs there exist cases where LFV and CP violation in B-physics can constitute a major road in simultaneously confirming the ideas of Seesaw and low-energy SUSY.Comment: Invited Talk at Seesaw (1979-2004), Fujihara Seminar, Neutrino mass and Seesaw mechanism, Feb 23-25, 2004, KEK, Japan. To appear in the proceedings. 13 pages and four figure

Flaring Behavior of the Quasar 3C~454.3 across the Electromagnetic Spectrum

We analyze the behavior of the parsec-scale jet of the quasar 3C~454.3 during pronounced flaring activity in 2005-2008. Three major disturbances propagated down the jet along different trajectories with Lorentz factors $\Gamma>$10. The disturbances show a clear connection with millimeter-wave outbursts, in 2005 May/June, 2007 July, and 2007 December. High-amplitude optical events in the $R$-band light curve precede peaks of the millimeter-wave outbursts by 15-50 days. Each optical outburst is accompanied by an increase in X-ray activity. We associate the optical outbursts with propagation of the superluminal knots and derive the location of sites of energy dissipation in the form of radiation. The most prominent and long-lasting of these, in 2005 May, occurred closer to the black hole, while the outbursts with a shorter duration in 2005 Autumn and in 2007 might be connected with the passage of a disturbance through the millimeter-wave core of the jet. The optical outbursts, which coincide with the passage of superluminal radio knots through the core, are accompanied by systematic rotation of the position angle of optical linear polarization. Such rotation appears to be a common feature during the early stages of flares in blazars. We find correlations between optical variations and those at X-ray and $\gamma$-ray energies. We conclude that the emergence of a superluminal knot from the core yields a series of optical and high-energy outbursts, and that the mm-wave core lies at the end of the jet's acceleration and collimation zone.Comment: 57 pages, 23 figures, 8 tables (submitted to ApJ

Mass and Flavor Mixing Schemes of Quarks and Leptons

We give an overview of recent progress in the study of fermion mass and flavor mixing phenomena. The hints exhibited by the quark and lepton mass spectra towards possible underlying flavor symmetries, from which realistic models of mass generation could be built, are emphasized. A variety of schemes of quark mass matrices at low and superhigh energy scales are described, and their consequences on flavor mixing and CP violation are discussed. Instructive patterns of lepton mass matrices, which can naturally lead to large flavor mixing angles, are explored to interpret current data on atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations. We expect that B-meson factories and long-baseline neutrino experiments will soon shed more light on the dynamics of fermion masses, flavor mixing and CP violation.Comment: LaTex 81 pages. Minor changes made, typing errors corrected, and references added. Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. (in printing

On the Experimental Analysis of Integral Sliding Modes for Yaw Rate and Sideslip Control of an Electric Vehicle with Multiple Motors

With the advent of electric vehicles with multiple motors, the steady-state and transient cornering responses can be designed and implemented through the continuous torque control of the individual wheels, i.e., torque-vectoring or direct yaw moment control. The literature includes several papers on sliding mode control theory for torque-vectoring, but the experimental investigation is so far limited. More importantly, to the knowledge of the authors, the experimental comparison of direct yaw moment control based on sliding modes and typical controllers used for stability control in production vehicles is missing. This paper aims to reduce this gap by presenting and analyzing an integral sliding mode controller for concurrent yaw rate and sideslip control. A new driving mode, the Enhanced Sport mode, is proposed, inducing sustained high values of sideslip angle, which can be limited to a specified threshold. The system is experimentally assessed on a four-wheel-drive electric vehicle. The performance of the integral sliding mode controller is compared with that of a linear quadratic regulator during step steer tests. The results show that the integral sliding mode controller significantly enhances the tracking performance and yaw damping compared to the more conventional linear quadratic regulator based on an augmented singletrack vehicle model formulation. © 2018, The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Natur

A deep learning approach to photo–identification demonstrates high performance on two dozen cetacean species

We thank the countless individuals who collected and/or processed the nearly 85,000 images used in this study and those who assisted, particularly those who sorted these images from the millions that did not end up in the catalogues. Additionally, we thank the other Kaggle competitors who helped develop the ideas, models and data used here, particularly those who released their datasets to the public. The graduate assistantship for Philip T. Patton was funded by the NOAA Fisheries QUEST Fellowship. This paper represents HIMB and SOEST contribution numbers 1932 and 11679, respectively. The technical support and advanced computing resources from University of Hawaii Information Technology Services—Cyberinfrastructure, funded in part by the National Science Foundation CC* awards # 2201428 and # 2232862 are gratefully acknowledged. Every photo–identification image was collected under permits according to relevant national guidelines, regulation and legislation.Peer reviewedPublisher PD