Drainage of the hepatic cyst by laparoscopy - clinical case

Liver cysts are formations of serous content surrounded by normal liver parenchyma, without communication with the bile duct. The cyst wall is generally lined with cuboidal epithelium surrounded by layers of connective tissue. They are rare entities in adult patients, generally, they are asymptomatic in 3%, and between 10-15% of all patients will generate symptoms that lead them to consult. A 38-year-old man with an external abdominal tomography study that reported a giant hepatic cyst. Laboratory blood tests: hemoglobin 7.9 g/dl; leukocytosis 11,000/ul; serum electrolytes, liver transaminases, and bilirubin were normal, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase 94 U/l and 241 U/l, respectively. Non-reactive anti-human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV 1) and two antibodies, venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), cancer antigen (CA) 19-9 antigen, hepatitis B-C surface antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative. He underwent surgery by laparoscopic drainage of the liver cyst, through a median infraumbilical incision with the Hasson technique and placement of three 12 mm trocars, hepatomegaly was observed without finding an exit site for purulent material, it was punctured through liver segment V, and 2000 ml of citrine fluid was extracted. The hepatic wound is addressed with a 1-0 caliber chromic catgut thread, placing a Penrose-type drain. At 48 hours postoperatively, it evolves favorably, so it is decided to discharge. Hepatic cysts are fluid-filled cavities lined by a single-layered cuboidal or columnar biliary epithelium in the liver. A majority of hepatic cysts are found incidentally on liver imaging, such as abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging

Chitosans of different molecular weight enhance potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield in a field trial

Physico-chemical features of chitosan affect its biological activity on plants. In this work, the influence of chitosan molecular mass in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yields was investigated. By using chitosan polymers of high (CH-1) and low (CH-2) molecular weight and a hydrolysed chitosan derivative (CHH), two experiments were performed under field conditions to determine the effect of these polymers on yields of two potato varieties, ‘Call White’ and ‘Santana’. For this purpose, the foliar spray of low doses of the derivatives at three cultivation moments was performed and several yield variables were determined at crop harvest. All three chitosan compounds increased the performance variables determined respect to the control, depending on the variable, the dose employed and the mass of the derivative evaluated. In most variables determined, the two lowest doses (200 and 325 mg/ha) provoked the highest increments above control. Chitosans also affected distribution of mass per tuber size, particularly; in ‘Santana’ variety the two lowest doses enhanced the commercial tuber sizes. Among the polymers, CH-1 caused the greatest increases in performance, while, compared to the polymer, CHH provoked higher yields. In conclusion, foliar application at low doses of high molecular weight and hydrolysed chitosan enhanced potato yield between 15-30%

Variación espacial y temporal del índice gonadal de Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en las Islas Canarias

Diadema antillarum Philippi occurs in high density populations in the Canary Islands, creating extensive barren areas. During one year we determined seasonal changes in the algal abundance and population densities, test diameter, gut contents and gonad index of sea urchins in two localities (Abades and Boca Cangrejo). Boca Cangrejo shows higher algae cover and species richness than Abades. The sea urchin population at Abades had a higher density and smaller urchins than Boca Cangrejo. Boca Cangrejo sea urchins showed higher specific richness in gut contents than Abades urchins. The sea urchin population at Abades did not have a clearer reproductive periodicity or higher gonad index than the Boca Cangrejo population. Temporal and spatial changes in gonad periodicity of Diadema antillarum are attributed, at least in part, to benthic food availability (algal cover and algal species number) and intra-specific competition.Diadema antillarum Philippi presenta unas densidades altísimas en las islas Canarias, eliminando casi por completo la cubierta vegetal de los fondos rocosos litorales. Durante un año, hemos muestreado estacionalmente los cambios en la abundancia de algas y las densidades poblacionales, diámetros de caparazón, contenidos intestinales e índice gonadal de los erizos en dos localidades (Abades y Boca Cangrejo). Boca Cangrejo presenta mayores coberturas y riqueza algal que Abades. La población de erizos en Abades es más densa y esta formada por erizos de menor tamaño que en Boca Cangrejo. La riqueza algal en los contenidos estomacales es mayor en los erizos de Boca Cangrejo que la de los de Abades. Los erizos de Boca Cangrejo presentan una clara periodicidad reproductiva e índices gonadales superiores a los erizos de Abades. Las variaciones espaciales y estacionales en la periodicidad gonadal de Diadema antillarum pueden ser atribuidas, al menos en parte, a la disponibilidad bentónica de alimento (recubrimiento y número de especies de algas) y a la competencia intraespecífica.

Software de apoyo para el curso de fuerza y equilibrio FISFYE : manual de usuario

1 archivo PDF (52 páginas) ; 1a ed. 2003, 2a reimpresión 2009.Manual de usuario para el software del curso fuerza y equilibrio que es un sistema computacional que permite obtener la solución de los distintos problemas que se analizan en el curso, este software permite analizar el planteamiento de los mismos problemas, paso a paso hasta llegar al planteamiento final

Respuesta en plántulas de Leucaena a la imbibición de las semillas con lixiviado de pseudotallo de plátano

Response in Leucaena seedlings to the seeds imbibition of pseudostems plantain leached Resumen La L. leucocephala es una leguminosa forrajera arbórea utilizada para la alimentación de rumiantes; sin embargo, su lento crecimiento inicial tiende a limitar su supervivencia durante su establecimiento. Por tal razón, se planteó evaluar la respuesta en plántulas a la previa imbibición de las semillas con lixiviado de pseudotallo de plátano a concentraciones de 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 y 100%, durante 12 horas y posterior siembra en bandejas con sustrato inerte, bajo condiciones de sombra parcial, en un diseño experimental completamente aleatorio. A los 30 días post-germinación se evaluaron variables morfológicas, analizando los datos obtenidos mediante ANAVAR y comparación de medias por Tukey. Las plántulas emergidas de semillas tratadas con LSP-10% presentaron una mayor altura (14,5 cm), longitud de raíz (13,2 cm) y número de hojas (14), siendo diferentes al resto de los tratamientos. El diámetro del tallo y la MS acumulada no resultaron afectados por la imbibición, siendo en promedio de 1,16 cm y 33%, respectivamente. En general, las respuestas se manifestaron mayormente en los puntos de crecimiento foliar y radical, reforzando la hipótesis sobre la presencia de compuestos auxínicos en el lixiviado que pudieron estimular una rápida diferenciación y proliferación celular en el tejido meristemático apical. Palabras clave: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit; establecimiento; promotor de crecimiento; compuestos auxínicos. Abstract Leucocephala is an arboreal forage legume used to feed ruminants; however, its initial slow growth tends to limit its survival during its establishment. For this reason, it was proposed to evaluate the response in seedlings to the previous imbibition of seeds with pseudostem plantain leached at concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, for 12 hours and then sowing in trays with inert substrate, under conditions of partial shade, in a completely randomized experimental design. After 30 days post-germination morphological variables were evaluated, analyzing the data obtained by means of ANAVAR and comparison of means by Tukey. The seedlings emerged from seeds treated with LSP-10% had a higher height (14,5 cm), root length (13,2 cm) and number of leaves (14), being different from the rest of the treatments. The diameter of the stem and the accumulated MS were not affected by the imbibition, being on average of 1.16 cm and 33%, respectively. In general, the responses were manifested mainly in the points of foliar and radical growth, reinforcing the hypothesis about the presence of auxin compounds in the leachate that could stimulate rapid cell differentiation and proliferation in the apical meristematic tissue. Keywords: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit; establishment; growth promoter; auxin compound

Elementos de álgebra vectorial y estática en el plano

1 archivo PDF ( 231 páginas en varias paginaciones) ; 1a ed. 2005, 3a reimpresión 2009.El propósito de este libro es auxiliar al estudiante en el curso de fuerza y equilibrio. Se tratan los temas álgebra vectorial en el plano, estática de partículas en el plano y estática de cuerpos rígidos en el plano

Restructuring of the "Macaronesia" biogeografic unit: a marine multi-taxon biogeographical approach

The Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands and Cabo Verde are commonly united under the term “Macaronesia”. This study investigates the coherency and validity of Macaronesia as a biogeographic unit using six marine groups with very different dispersal abilities: coastal fishes, echinoderms, gastropod molluscs, brachyuran decapod crustaceans, polychaete annelids, and macroalgae. We found no support for the current concept of Macaronesia as a coherent marine biogeographic unit. All marine groups studied suggest the exclusion of Cabo Verde from the remaining Macaronesian archipelagos and thus, Cabo Verde should be given the status of a biogeographic subprovince within the West African Transition province. We propose to redefine the Lusitanian biogeographical province, in which we include four ecoregions: the South European Atlantic Shelf, the Saharan Upwelling, the Azores, and a new ecoregion herein named Webbnesia, which comprises the archipelagos of Madeira, Selvagens and the Canary Islandsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluación del Pectimorf como regulador del crecimiento en la formación de callos con estructuras embriogénicas en Ipomoea batatas

Tuberous roots of sweet potato belonging to the clone INIVIT B 93-1, were gather ad and placed in flasks with water in the laboratory to induce the emergence of the yolks. Later on, explants of the limbo was selected to foliate (1 cm2) fields in the means of cultivation of Murashige and Skoog, 100 mg.l-1 myo-inositol, 1 mg.l-1 tiamine, 3% sucrose, 0.2% gelrite, 0.50 mg.l-1 2,4-D and 0.25 mg.l-1 6-BAP as control treatment and the same medium of above mentioned culture with different pectimorf concentrations (5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg.l-1) for the formation of callus with embryogenic structures. Thirty days later the percentage of formed callus, their the callus growth, color, texture and presence of roots were evaluated. The callus stayed in incubation camera under conditions of darkness, temperature of 25 ± 2°C and relative humidity of 80-90%. Good results were obtained in the formation of callus with embryogenic structures, when used the pectimorf at 15.0 mg.l-1 concentration.Key works: embryogenesis, sweet potato, oligopectatesFueron recolectadas raíces tuberosas de boniato pertenecientes al clon INIVIT B 93-1 que se colocaron en frascos con agua en el laboratorio para inducir la brotación de las yemas. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron explantes del limbo foliar (1 cm2) para la formación de callos con estructuras embriogénicas en el medio de cultivo propuesto por Murashige y Skoog, mio-inositol (100 mg.l-1), tiamina (1 mg.l-1), sacarosa (3%), gelrite (0.2%), 2,4-D (0.50 mg.l-1) y 6-BAP (0.25 mg.l-1) como control y el medio de cultivo anteriormente mencionado con diferentes concentraciones de Pectimorf (5.0, 10.0, 15.0 y 20.0 mg.l-1). Pasados treinta días se evaluaron el porcentaje de callos formados, desarrollo de los callos, color, textura y presencia de raíces. Los callos se mantuvieron en cámara de incubación en condiciones de oscuridad, temperatura de 25 ± 2°C y humedad relativa del 80-90%. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados en la formación de callos con estructuras embriogénicas al ser utilizado el Pectimorf a la concentración de 15.0 mg.l-1.Palabras clave: boniato, embriogénesis, oligopectato