Nonlinear dynamics in isotropic and anisotropic nagneto-optical traps

We briefly review some recent advances in the field of nonlinear dynamics of atomic clouds in magneto-optical traps. A hydrodynamical model in a three-dimensional geometry is applied and analyzed using a variational approach. A Lagrangian density is proposed in the case where thermal and multiple scattering effects are both relevant, where the confinement damping and harmonic potential are both included. For generality, a general polytropic equation of state is assumed. After adopting a Gaussian profile for the fluid density and appropriate spatial dependencies of the scalar potential and potential fluid velocity field, a set of ordinary differential equations is derived. These equations are applied to compare cylindrical and spherical geometry approximations. The results are restricted to potential flows

Large amplitude oscillations in a trapped dissipative electron gas

A collisional trapped non-neutral plasma is described by a hydrodynamical model in onedimensional geometry. For suitable initial conditions and velocity fields, the Lagrangian variables method reduces the pressure dominated problem to a damped autonomous Pinney equation, representing a dissipative nonlinear oscillator with an inverse cubic force. An accurate approximate analytic solution derived from Kuzmak-Luke perturbation theory is applied, allowing the assessment of the fully nonlinear dynamics. On the other hand, in the cold plasma case, the Lagrangian variables approach allows the derivation of exact damped nonlinear oscillations. The conditions for the applicability of the hot, pressure dominated or cold gas assumptions are derived. Published by AIP Publishing

Dynamics of antiproton plasma in a timedependent harmonic trap

An antiproton plasma confined in a quasi-1D device is described in terms of a self-consistent fluid formulation using a variational approach. Unlike previous treatments, the use of the time-dependent variational method allows to retain the thermal and Coulomb effects. A certain Ansatz is proposed for the number density and fluid velocity fields, which reduces the problem essentially to ordinary nonlinear differential equations. In adiabatic cooling, the frequency of the trap potential is slowly decreased. An adiabatic equation of state is assumed for closure. The numerical simulation of the nonlinear dynamics is performed for realistic parameters

Dois Johns Correm Juntos: Rabbit, Run de Updike e Paradise Lost de Milton

The aim of this paper is to highlight the traces of Milton’s epic poem, Paradise Lost, in Updike’s novel, Rabbit, Run, and how such traces manifest themselves as a reflection of Milton’s characters and their actions upon Updike’s protagonist, Harry Angstrom. Under this perspective, Angstrom’s search may be read in conjunction with Milton’s paradise within. Key-words: John Milton, John Updike, paradise.O objetivo deste artigo é trazer à luz os traços do poema épico de John Milton, Paradise Lost, no romance de John Updike, Rabbit, Run, e demonstrar como tais traços se manifestam como uma reflexão dos personagens miltonianos, bem como de suas ações, sobre o protagonista de Updike, Harry Angstrom. Nessa reflexão, a procura de Angstrom pode ser lida em conjunção com o paraíso interior de Milton. Palavras-chave: John Milton, John Updike, paraíso

Bouletic modality in Karitiana

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre modalidade bulética em Karitiana (Tupi) à luz dos fundamentos teóricos da semântica formal. Assumiremos que modalidade é a categoria do significado relacionada à expressão de possibilidades e necessidades (VON FINTEL, 2006). Há vários tipos de modalidade. A modalidade bulética está relacionada aos desejos/vontades de um indivíduo. Investigaremos as diferentes formas pelas quais a língua Karitiana gramaticaliza a expressão de desejos e vontades. Neste artigo, analisaremos três estruturas que são empregadas para veicular modalidade bulética: (i) o morfema desiderativo -wak; (ii) o verbo pyting; e (iii) o verbo py’eep. Esse artigo é relevante na medida em que é o primeiro trabalho especificamente sobre modalidade bulética em Karitiana. Além disso, algumas características da gramaticalização da modalidade bulética em Karitiana contribuem para o debate teórico em torno da semântica dos verbos que expressam tal modalidade. Comparamos propostas nas quais esses são verbos de atitude proposicional (VON FINTEL e HEIM, 2011; VON FINTEL e IATRIDOU, 2017) com propostas nas quais esses verbos tomam indivíduos (KRATZER, 2006; KRATZER, 2016). As propriedades morfossintáticas dos verbos em Karitiana parecem corroborar a proposta que eles não são proposicionais; no entanto, mostraremos que apenas uma análise proposicional fornece uma semântica adequada para eles.This paper presents a study about bouletic modality in Karitiana (Tupi) within the theoretical background of formal semantics. We assume modality is the category of meaning associated to the expression of possibilities and necessities and bouletic modality is related to one’s wishes and desires (VON FINTEL, 2006). Thus, we explore the different ways through which Karitiana grammaticalizes the expression of wishes and desires. In this paper, we analyse three different structures that express bouletic modality: (i) the desiderative morpheme -wak; (ii) the verb pyting; and (iii) the verb py’eep. This study is relevant, in first place, because it is the first work to describe bouletic modality in Karitiana. Moreover, some features of the grammaticalization of bouletic modality in this language contribute to the debate on how we are to represent the semantics of those verbs. We have compared the proposals in which those are propositional attitude verbs (VON FINTEL e HEIM, 2011; VON FINTEL e IATRIDOU, 2017) to proposals in which verbs take individuals (KRATZER, 2006; KRATZER, 2016). Superficially, the morphosyntax features of the verbs in Karitiana corroborate the proposal that they are not propositional, however, we show that only a propositional analysis will give an adequate semantics for them

Paleoparasitology – Human Parasites in Ancient Material

Parasite finds in ancient material launched a new field of science: paleoparasitology. Ever since the pioneering studies, parasites were identified in archaeological and paleontological remains, some preserved for millions of years by fossilization. However, the paleoparasitological record consists mainly of parasites found specifically in human archaeological material, preserved in ancient occupation sites, from prehistory until closer to 2015. The results include some helminth intestinal parasites still commonly found in 2015, such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms, besides others such as Amoebidae and Giardia intestinalis, as well as viruses, bacteria, fungi and arthropods. These parasites as a whole provide important data on health, diet, climate and living conditions among ancient populations. This chapter describes the principal findings and their importance for knowledge on the origin and dispersal of infectious diseases

Parasite findings in archeological remains: Diagnosis and interpretation

Paleoparasitology has contributed to resolving the debate about the peopling of the Americas and determining the antiquity of human parasite infection. Hookworm (Ancylostomidae) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) and other exclusive human intestinal parasites have been recorded in pre-Columbian America. These parasite species originated in pre-hominids and have accompanied humans across continents when people went out of Africa. However, for those human populations that crossed the Bering Land Bridge from Siberia to Alaska, cold climate conditions hampered parasite transmission. Alternative migration routes have been proposed to explain the presence of these parasites in pre-Columbian populations in the Americas. Other parasites were established in the New World long before humans entered the American continents. One such malady is Chagas disease. Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, offers an example of how animals and humans have interacted in the past. Classical theory points to the origin and dispersion of human T. cruzi infection among Andean populations, starting with sedentary habits and animal domestication 6000 years ago. However, recent PCR results in mummified bodies outside the Andean region have challenged this theory. Pre-Columbian Brazilian mummies were found positive for T. cruzi infection, raising an alternative hypothesis on the antiquity of Chagas disease in the Americas. Paleoparasitology is a new tool to study past events, shedding light on human and other animal behavior, migration routes, diet, and other aspects of host–parasite environment evolution

Risk factors for nonmelanoma skin cancer in Taubaté, SP: a case-control study

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with non-melanoma skin cancer in the city of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Hospital-based case-control study with individuals residing in Taubaté, treated between January 2005 and December 2006. The subjects were matched 1:1 according to gender and age. Age, gender, phototype, European descent, time of residence, sun exposure, time (in years), number of hours and time of occupational and non-occupational sun exposure, photoprotection, family history and photodamage were independent variables. A hierarchical logistic regression was used at three levels. The model adjustment was performed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and its accuracy was verified by ROC curve. The significance level was p < 0.05. RESULTS: There were 132 cases and 132 controls. Phototype with OR = 3.14 (95% CI 1.79-5.49), hours of occupational 1.76 (1.04-2.99) and non-occupational sun exposure 1.80 (0.98-3.29) and family history 2.10 (1.13-3.93) were the variables in the final model. Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p = 0.97. Accuracy 70% (95% CI 63-76). CONCLUSION: We concluded that fair skin, family history and occupational and non-occupational sun exposure were associated with non-melanoma skin cancer in Taubaté-São Paulo.OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores associados ao câncer da pele não melanoma em Taubaté-SP. MÉTODOS: Estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar com residentes em Taubaté atendidos entre 01/01/05 e 31/12/06. Os indivíduos foram combinados 1:1 conforme gênero e idade. Foram variáveis independentes: idade, gênero, fototipo, ascendência europeia, tempo de moradia, exposição solar, tempo (em anos), número de horas e horário de exposição solar ocupacional e não ocupacional, fotoproteção, histórico familiar e fotodano. Foi utilizada a regressão logística hierarquizada em três níveis. O ajuste do modelo foi realizado pelo teste de Hosmer-Lemeshow e sua acurácia foi verificada pela curva ROC. O nível de significância foi p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram 132 casos e 132 controles. Compuseram o modelo final: fototipo com OR = 3,14 (IC 95% 1,79-5,49), horas de exposição solar ocupacional 1,76 (1,04-2,99) e não ocupacional 1,80 (0,98-3,29) e histórico familiar 2,10 (1,13-3,93).Teste de Hosmer-Lemeshow, p = 0,97. Acurácia 70% (IC 95% 63-76). CONCLUSÃO: Pele clara, histórico familiar e exposição solar ocupacional e não ocupacional se associaram ao câncer cutâneo não melanoma em Taubaté-SP.Universidade de Taubaté Departamento de MedicinaHospital Universitário de Taubaté Serviço de DermatologiaUniversidade de São PauloUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de DermatologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de DermatologiaSciEL

Expectativa de vida em atletas olímpicos comparado com a população em geral: um protocolo para revisão sistemática

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Araranguá. Fisioterapia.Introdução: Os jogos olímpicos reúnem os atletas de elite de cada país, que possuem uma rotina de treinos intensa e exaustiva. Os estudos que abordam a expectativa de vida de atletas que treinam em nível de elite levam muito em consideração suas atividades durante a carreira esportiva, sendo um fator que interfere diretamente na longevidade dos atletas. Objetivo: investigar a expectativa de vida dos atletas olímpicos em comparação com a população em geral. Métodos: Realizado busca na literatura por artigos originais nas bases de dados (WebOfScience, Medline) que datam de 1950 em diante. Os critérios de inclusão adotados buscam os artigos que abordam a longevidade e artigos em que a população abordada seja composta por atletas olímpicos (ativos ou aposentados). Serão incluídos na revisão estudos de coorte e estudos de prevalência, com análise do risco de viés através dos instrumentos adequados para cada tipo de estudo. Resultado esperado: Apesar do nível de exigência imposto sobre os atletas que competem a nível olímpico, a expectativa de vida dessa população tende a sofrer mais interferência devido aos hábitos de vida pós carreira, do que consequência da intensidade dos treinos e competições desempenhadas ao longo da vida. Desta forma espera-se que a população de atletas olímpicos tenha uma expectativa de vida maior quando comparado a população em geral.Introduction: The Olympic Games return to elite athletes from each country, who have an intense and exhausting training routine. Studies that address the life expectancy of athletes who train at an elite level take much into account their activities during their sports career, being a factor that directly interferes in the athlete’s longevity. Objective: To investigate the life expectancy of Olympic athletes compared to a general population. Methods: A literature search was carried out for original articles in databases (WebOfScience, Medline) dating from 1950 onwards. The inclusion criteria look for articles that address longevity and articles in which the population addressed is composed of Olympic athletes (active or retired). They will be included in the review of cohort studies and prevalence studies, with analysis of the risk of bias using the instruments for each type of study. Expected result: Despite the level of demand imposed on athletes who compete at the Olympic level, a life expectancy of this population tends to suffer more interference due to post-career lifestyle habits, rather than a consequence of the intensity of training and related competitions throughout of life. Thus, it is expected that the population of Olympic athletes has a longer life expectancy when compared to the general population