ALPS: A Linear Program Solver

ALPS is a computer program which can be used to solve general linear program (optimization) problems. ALPS was designed for those who have minimal linear programming (LP) knowledge and features a menu-driven scheme to guide the user through the process of creating and solving LP formulations. Once created, the problems can be edited and stored in standard DOS ASCII files to provide portability to various word processors or even other linear programming packages. Unlike many math-oriented LP solvers, ALPS contains an LP parser that reads through the LP formulation and reports several types of errors to the user. ALPS provides a large amount of solution data which is often useful in problem solving. In addition to pure linear programs, ALPS can solve for integer, mixed integer, and binary type problems. Pure linear programs are solved with the revised simplex method. Integer or mixed integer programs are solved initially with the revised simplex, and the completed using the branch-and-bound technique. Binary programs are solved with the method of implicit enumeration. This manual describes how to use ALPS to create, edit, and solve linear programming problems. Instructions for installing ALPS on a PC compatible computer are included in the appendices along with a general introduction to linear programming. A programmers guide is also included for assistance in modifying and maintaining the program

A vékonybél ischémiás tolerenciájának vizsgálata kísérletes vékonybél transzplantáció során = Investigation of small bowel ischemic tolerance during experimental intestinal transplantation

Vékonybél meleg ischémiás/reperfúziós (I/R) és autotranszplantációs modellben kapott eredmények: 1. A PACAP-38 reperfúzió alatti adása csökkenti a bél strukturális károsodását, a szöveti oxidatív stressz mértékét, fokozza a foszforilált ERK1/2 aktivitását és csökkenti a foszforilált JNK1/2 és a p38 MAP kináz aktivitását. A bél endogén PACAP-38- és PACAP-27-szerű immunreaktivitása szignifikánsan magasabb volt a PACAP-38 tartalmú UW oldatban tárolt szövetekben. A pro-inflammatórikus citokinek (sICAM-1, CD54, L-szelektin, RANTES, MMP-9, TIMP-1) aktivációját a PACAP-kezelés csökkentette modelljeinkben. 2. A reperfúzió elején alkalmazott 3 ciklusú (30”I+30”R) ischémiás posztkondícionálás (IPO) a vékonybél meleg I/R-ós és autotranszplantációs modelljében is szignifikánsan csökkentette a bélfal károsodásának mértékét. Csökkent a reperfúzió végi lipidperoxidáció mértéke és az endogén védelmi rendszerek (GSH, SOD) kapacitása/aktivitása magasabb maradt. A mucosa sejtekben mért NF-kB transzkripciós faktor nukleáris és citoplazmális aktivitása bifázisos jelleget mutatott. | Results in the intestinal warm ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and autotransplantation models are the follows: 1. Administration of PACAP-38 reduced intestinal structural damage and tissue oxidative stress, and increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 activity and reduces phosphorylated JNK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase activity during reperfusion period. Endogenous intestinal PACAP-38- and PACAP-27-like immunoreactivity was significantly higher in tissue stored in PACAP-38 content UW solution. PACAP treatment reduced the activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (sICAM-1, CD54, L-selectin, RANTES, MMP-9, TIMP-1) in our models. 2. Applying 3 cycles (30 ""I +30"" R) ischemic postconditioning of the small intestine in the early phase of reperfusion in warm I/R and in autotransplantation models also significantly reduced damage to the intestinal wall. The level of lipidperoxidation decreased and the capacity/activity of the endogenous protective systems (GSH, SOD) remained higher at the end of reperfusion. Meanwhile, nuclear and cytoplasmic activity of NF-kB transcription factor showed a biphasic character in the mucosal cells

Traianus külpolitikája

Emperor Trajan (98 AD–117 AD) was the last Roman sovereign who maintained the conception of unlimited expansion and had the opportunity to accomplish that. Under his reign, the Roman Empire reached its territorial maximum. This study exposes that according to the sources there was a discussion in the antiquity inside the Roman elite with geopolitical bases about giving up the expansion or not. After that, it will be examined how this conquering strategy and the peace of the inner territories hung together. Finally, this paper expoundes the line of events and the effects in general, especially in the imperial propaganda. The Parthian War was significant, because this conflict was a protracted challange for the Romans and on the whole it caused a very serious crisis by the death of Trajan

A Volkswagen dieselgate botrány

A Volkswagen-botrány rendkívül összetett kérdés. Felmerülnek ugyanis társasági jogi, környezetvédelmi jogi és büntetôjogi aspektusok is. A cikk szerzôje a compliance és a felelôs társaságirányítás szemszögébôl közelíti meg a Volkswagen-botrány eseményeit