Studying star-forming processes at core and clump scales: the case of the young stellar object G29.862-0.0044

Massive molecular clumps fragment into cores where star formation takes place, hence star-forming studies should be done at different spatial scales. Using near-IR data obtained with Gemini, data of CH3OCHO and CH3CN from the ALMA database, observations of HCN, HNC, HCO+, and C2H carried out with ASTE, and CO data from public surveys, we perform a deep study of the YSO G29.86-0.004 at core and clump spatial scales. The near-IR emission shows two nebulosities separated by a dark lane, suggesting a typical disk-jets system, but highly asymmetric. They are likely produced by scattered light in cavities carved out by jets on an infalling envelope of material, which also present line emission of H2 and [FeII]. The presence of the complex molecular species observed with ALMA confirms that we are mapping a hot molecular core. The CH3CN emission concentrates at the position of the dark lane and it appears slightly elongated from southwest to northeast in agreement with the inclination of the system as observed at near-IR. The morphology of the CH3OCHO emission is more complex and extends along some filaments and concentrates in knots and clumps, mainly southwards the dark-lane, suggesting that the southern jet is encountering a dense region. The northern jet flows more freely, generating more extended features. This is in agreement with the red-shifted molecular outflow traced by the 12CO J=3-2 line extending towards the northwest and the lack of a blue-shifted outflow. This configuration can be explained by considering that the YSO is located at the furthest edge of the molecular clump along the line of sight, which is consistent with the position of the source in the cloud mapped in the C18O J=3-2 line. The detection of HCN, HNC, HCO+, and C2H allowed us to characterize the dense gas at clump scales, yielding results that are in agreement with the presence of a high-mass protostellar object.Comment: Accepted to be published in A&A (July 13, 2020

Estrategias combinadas para la obtención de un vino Tannat con un contenido moderado de alcohol

Resumen En este trabajo se buscó a través de la combinación de 2 estrategias reducir el contenido de alcohol en vinos de la variedad Tannat. La primera estrategia consistió en el screening dentro de clones uruguayos de Tannat Con este fin se muestrearon durante tres vendimias consecutivas 10 clones uruguayos de Tannat y se utilizó como referencia el clon francés 717 en viñedos. De los clones estudiados 4 presentaron durante la vendimia 2023 un contenido significativamente inferior de alcohol que el clon 717, manteniendo los componentes responsables de su calidad sensorial (aromas glicosidados, antocianos totales). Mientras que la segunda estrategia fue realizar un screening de levaduras no-Saccharomyces nativas aisladas de viñedos uruguayos para utilizar en conjunto con la cepa Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lalvin BM4x4 Lalleman (utilizada como referencia para vinificar vino Tannat). Se estudió el comportamiento de 4 géneros de levaduras (Candida zemplinina, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Metschnikowia fructicola y Hanseniaspora uvarum), en microvinificaciones en símil vino. Estas estrategias fueron seleccionada por que además de permitir la reducción de alcohol en vinos Tannat en forma conjunta le aportan una identidad propia de nuestro país

Evaluating predictive pharmacogenetic signatures of adverse events in colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidines

The potential clinical utility of genetic markers associated with response to fluoropyrimidine treatment in colorectal cancer patients remains controversial despite extensive study. Our aim was to test the clinical validity of both novel and previously identified markers of adverse events in a broad clinical setting. We have conducted an observational pharmacogenetic study of early adverse events in a cohort study of 254 colorectal cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine. Sixteen variants of nine key folate (pharmacodynamic) and drug metabolising (pharmacokinetic) enzymes have been analysed as individual markers and/or signatures of markers. We found a significant association between TYMP S471L (rs11479) and early dose modifications and/or severe adverse events (adjusted OR = 2.02 [1.03; 4.00], p = 0.042, adjusted OR = 2.70 [1.23; 5.92], p = 0.01 respectively). There was also a significant association between these phenotypes and a signature of DPYD mutations (Adjusted OR = 3.96 [1.17; 13.33], p = 0.03, adjusted OR = 6.76 [1.99; 22.96], p = 0.002 respectively). We did not identify any significant associations between the individual candidate pharmacodynamic markers and toxicity. If a predictive test for early adverse events analysed the TYMP and DPYD variants as a signature, the sensitivity would be 45.5 %, with a positive predictive value of just 33.9 % and thus poor clinical validity. Most studies to date have been under-powered to consider multiple pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variants simultaneously but this and similar individualised data sets could be pooled in meta-analyses to resolve uncertainties about the potential clinical utility of these markers

Humanized medium (h7H) allows long-term primary follicular thyroid cultures from human normal thyroid, benign neoplasm, and cancer

Mechanisms of thyroid physiology and cancer are principally studied in follicular cell lines. However, human thyroid cancer lines were found to be heavily contaminated by other sources, and only one supposedly normal-thyroid cell line, immortalized with SV40 antigen, is available. In primary culture, human follicular cultures lose their phenotype after passage. We hypothesized that the loss of the thyroid phenotype could be related to culture conditions in which human cells are grown in medium optimized for rodent culture, including hormones with marked differences in its affinity for the relevant rodent/human receptor.|The objective of the study was to define conditions that allow the proliferation of primary human follicular thyrocytes for many passages without losing phenotype.|Concentrations of hormones, transferrin, iodine, oligoelements, antioxidants, metabolites, and ethanol were adjusted within normal homeostatic human serum ranges. Single cultures were identified by short tandem repeats. Human-rodent interspecies contamination was assessed.|We defined an humanized 7 homeostatic additives medium enabling growth of human thyroid cultures for more than 20 passages maintaining thyrocyte phenotype. Thyrocytes proliferated and were grouped as follicle-like structures; expressed Na+/I- symporter, pendrin, cytokeratins, thyroglobulin, and thyroperoxidase showed iodine-uptake and secreted thyroglobulin and free T3. Using these conditions, we generated a bank of thyroid tumors in culture from normal thyroids, Grave's hyperplasias, benign neoplasms (goiter, adenomas), and carcinomas.|Using appropriate culture conditions is essential for phenotype maintenance in human thyrocytes. The bank of thyroid tumors in culture generated under humanized humanized 7 homeostatic additives culture conditions will provide a much-needed tool to compare similarly growing cells from normal vs pathological origins and thus to elucidate the molecular basis of thyroid disease.Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIXunta de GaliciaFondo Social Europeo of the European Communit

Planeamiento territorial sostenible: un reto para el futuro de nuestras sociedades; criterios aplicados

In a large part of the 17 sustainable development objectives set as goals for humanity by the UN, sustainability can be glimpsed. As a result of the dominant socio-productive model, the only way to head towards more sustainable territories that allow achieving and maintaining the well-being of the world's population is to bear in mind the need to properly plan territorial development. This work reflects on this need and takes a step forward in the definition of the main criteria to achieve territorial sustainability at regional and local scales