UMD Banach spaces and square functions associated with heat semigroups for Schr\"odinger and Laguerre operators

In this paper we define square functions (also called Littlewood-Paley-Stein functions) associated with heat semigroups for Schr\"odinger and Laguerre operators acting on functions which take values in UMD Banach spaces. We extend classical (scalar) L^p-boundedness properties for the square functions to our Banach valued setting by using \gamma-radonifying operators. We also prove that these L^p-boundedness properties of the square functions actually characterize the Banach spaces having the UMD property

Application of the QCM in lead acid batteries electrolyte measurements

AbstractThis paper describes the application of a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor in density-viscosity measurements of the electrolyte of the lead acid batteries. In battery applications, especially in automotive applications, submarines and remote communication systems it is necessary to know the state of charge of the batteries in order to manage them efficiently [1]. One of the physical parameters with information about the state of charge is the electrolyte density; the product ηρ1/2 as well varies with the state of charge [2]. Due the quartz crystal oscillator frequency depends on the density and the viscosity (1), it is possible to measure the electrolyte density changes by means of a QCM sensor. The frequency shift is monitoring in solutions with H2SO4 concentration in the battery electrolyte range. Furthermore, real time experiments are conducted, placing the quartz crystal inside the battery cell

The Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey: spatial resolved properties

We present the analysis performed using the pyPipe3D pipeline for the 895 galaxies that comprises the eCALIFA data release Sanchez et al. submitted, data with a significantly improved spatial resolution (1.0-1.5"/FWHM). We include a description of (i) the analysis performed by the pipeline, (ii) the adopted datamodel for the derived spatially resolved properties and (iii) the catalog of integrated, characteristics and slope of the radial gradients for a set of observational and physical parameters derived for each galaxy. We illustrate the results of the analysis (i) using the NGC\,2906 as an archetypal galaxy, showing the spatial distribution of the different derived parameters and exploring in detail the properties of the ionized gas, and (ii) showing distribution of the spatial resolved ionized gas across the classical [OIII]/H$\beta$ vs. [NII]/H$\alpha$ for the whole galaxy sample. In general our results agree with previous published ones, however, tracing radial patterns and segregating individual ionized structures is improved when using the current dataset. All the individual galaxy dataproducts and the catalog discussed along this article are distributed as part of the eCALIFA data release http://ifs.astroscu.unam.mx/CALIFA_WEB/public_html/Comment: 47 pages, 8 tables, 9 figures, submitted the 12th of April 2023 to RMxA

The Onfp Class in the Magellanic Clouds

The Onfp class of rotationally broadened, hot spectra was defined some time ago in the Galaxy, where its membership to date numbers only eight. The principal defining characteristic is a broad, centrally reversed He II $\lambda$4686 emission profile; other emission and absorption lines are also rotationally broadened. Recent surveys in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) have brought the class membership there, including some related spectra, to 28. We present a survey of the spectral morphology and rotational velocities, as a first step toward elucidating the nature of this class. Evolved, rapidly rotating hot stars are not expected theoretically, because the stellar winds should brake the rotation. Luminosity classification of these spectra is not possible, because the principal criterion (He II $\lambda$4686) is peculiar; however, the MCs provide reliable absolute magnitudes, which show that they span the entire range from dwarfs to supergiants. The Onfp line-broadening distribution is distinct and shifted toward larger values from those of normal O dwarfs and supergiants with >99.99% confidence. All cases with multiple observations show line-profile variations, which even remove some objects from the class temporarily. Some of them are spectroscopic binaries; it is possible that the peculiar profiles may have multiple causes among different objects. The origin and future of these stars are intriguing; for instance, they could be stellar mergers and/or gamma-ray-burst progenitors.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; AJ accepte

Relevance of cell subcompartmentalization techniques to predict adverse effects of metals in bivalves and fish

Subcellular fractionation is an interesting technique to study metal cell compartmentalization and helps on evaluating the impact of a contaminant in an organism. It provides a better understanding about the fate and behaviour of metals within cell compartments, being then able to identify if metals experience a detoxification process or, on the contrary, they are trophically available. Having this information about metals and metalloids is crucial in the context of risk assessment, as it provides valuable information about their behaviour throughout the food chain at different trophic levels. Coastal and marine environments are often affected by dangerous spillages. Pollutants tend to accumulate in water, soils and sediments, where they can become readily available to species, such as bivalves and fish. These species are often used as bioindicators as they can provide information about the trophic transfer and/or the accumulation and of different pollutants. After a bibliographic search, the protocols used to study the subcellular fractionation on bivalves and fish exposed to metals have been highlighted. This literature mini review focuses on the different protocols used for studying this issue and the improvements that subcellular fractionation has brought to the topic. Nonetheless, future research needs and perspectives are pointed out as they can improve the robustness of using such techniques for risk assessment

The use of physical restraints in long-term care in Spain: a multi-center cross-sectional study

Background Physical restraint is a procedure used frequently in long-term care. It is a controversial practice because its use is associated with numerous complications and also affects freedom and individual autonomy. The objective of this study was to examine the use of physical restraint of long-term care residents with the ability to move voluntarily. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational and correlational multi-center study. Nine centers agreed to participate. Of the 1,200 people present at the time of data collection, those without voluntary movement or in the facility for less than a month were excluded. Thus, the final sample was 920 residents. Data on the use of restraints was collected by direct observation. Information about the age, gender, length of stay, falls, mobility, cognition and functional status of residents was gathered by reviewing clinical records and interviewing nursing staff. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was conducted. The generalized linear model was used, considering only the principal effects of each variable and using the logit link function. The model has been adjusted for clusters and for other possibly confounding factors. For all analyses, a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was estimated. Results The prevalence of residents with at least one physical restraint was 84.9% (95% CI: 81.7–88.1), with variability between centers of 70.3 to 96.6% (p-value Kruskal Wallis test <0.001). Full-enclosure side rails were most often used (84.5; 95% CI: 81.1–87.9), but other types of restraints were also used frequently. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of functional impairment increased the probability of the use of restraint. A significant association was also found between restraint use and the impaired cognitive status of residents. Conclusions The prevalence was higher than in studies from other countries. The results emphasize the need to improve the training of nursing staff in the care of residents with impairments in functional and cognitive status. The use of alternative devices and nurse consultants need to be evaluated, and the introduction of specific laws considered.Sociedad Canaria de Geriatría y Gerontología and the Fundación Canaria de Investigación Sanitaria financed this study.S