21 research outputs found
Phylogeny in Aid of the Present and Novel Microbial Lineages: Diversity in Bacillus
Bacillus represents microbes of high economic, medical and biodefense importance. Bacillus strain identification based on 16S rRNA sequence analyses is invariably limited to species level. Secondly, certain discrepancies exist in the segregation of Bacillus subtilis strains. In the RDP/NCBI databases, out of a total of 2611 individual 16S rDNA sequences belonging to the 175 different species of the genus Bacillus, only 1586 have been identified up to species level. 16S rRNA sequences of Bacillus anthracis (153 strains), B. cereus (211 strains), B. thuringiensis (108 strains), B. subtilis (271 strains), B. licheniformis (131 strains), B. pumilus (83 strains), B. megaterium (47 strains), B. sphaericus (42 strains), B. clausii (39 strains) and B. halodurans (36 strains) were considered for generating species-specific framework and probes as tools for their rapid identification. Phylogenetic segregation of 1121, 16S rDNA sequences of 10 different Bacillus species in to 89 clusters enabled us to develop a phylogenetic frame work of 34 representative sequences. Using this phylogenetic framework, 305 out of 1025, 16S rDNA sequences presently classified as Bacillus sp. could be identified up to species level. This identification was supported by 20 to 30 nucleotides long signature sequences and in silico restriction enzyme analysis specific to the 10 Bacillus species. This integrated approach resulted in identifying around 30% of Bacillus sp. up to species level and revealed that B. subtilis strains can be segregated into two phylogenetically distinct groups, such that one of them may be renamed
International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis
Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICARâRS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICARâRSâ2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidenceâbased findings of the document. Methods: ICARâRS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidenceâbased reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidenceâbased reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICARâRSâ2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidenceâbased management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICARâRSâ2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidenceâbased recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS
Recommended from our members
Strain-Induced Spin-Resonance Shifts in Silicon Devices
In spin-based quantum-information-processing devices, the presence of control and detection circuitry can change the local environment of a spin by introducing strain and electric fields, altering its resonant frequencies. These resonance shifts can be large compared to intrinsic spin linewidths, and it is therefore important to study, understand, and model such effects in order to better predict device performance. We investigate a sample of bismuth donor spins implanted in a silicon chip, on top of which a superconducting aluminum microresonator is fabricated. The on-chip resonator provides two functions: it produces local strain in the silicon due to the larger thermal contraction of the aluminum, and it enables sensitive electron spin-resonance spectroscopy of donors close to the surface that experience this strain. Through finite-element strain simulations, we are able to reconstruct key features of our experiments, including the electron spin-resonance spectra. Our results are consistent with a recently observed mechanism for producing shifts of the hyperfine interaction for donors in silicon, which is linear with the hydrostatic component of an applied strain
Population size and density ofColobus vellerosus at the Boabeng-Fiema Monkey Sanctuary and surrounding forest fragments in Ghana
Os indicadores de qualidade da prescrição de medicamentos da Organização Mundial da SaĂșde ainda sĂŁo vĂĄlidos?
ComplicaçÔes relacionadas à lobectomia em doadores de transplante pulmonar intervivos Complications related to lobectomy in living lobar lung transplant donors
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as complicaçÔes pĂłs-operatĂłrias imediatas de doadores vivos de lobos pulmonares para transplante. MĂTODOS: Entre setembro de 1999 e maio de 2005 foram realizadas lobectomias em 32 doadores saudĂĄveis para transplante pulmonar em 16 receptores. Os prontuĂĄrios mĂ©dicos destes doadores foram analisados retrospectivamente para verificar a incidĂȘncia de complicaçÔes pĂłs-operatĂłrias e as alteraçÔes da função pulmonar apĂłs a lobectomia. RESULTADOS: Vinte e dois doadores (68,75%) nĂŁo apresentaram complicaçÔes. Entre os 10 casos que apresentaram alguma complicação o derrame pleural foi a mais freqĂŒente, ocorrendo em 5 deles (15,6% da amostra). TrĂȘs doadores (9,3%) necessitaram de transfusĂŁo de hemĂĄcias e, em 2 casos, foi necessĂĄria nova intervenção cirĂșrgica devido a hemotĂłrax. Um doador apresentou pneumotĂłrax apĂłs a retirada do dreno de tĂłrax e houve um caso de infecção respiratĂłria. Ocorreram duas intercorrĂȘncias intra-operatĂłrias (6,25%): em um doador foi realizada broncoplastia do lobo mĂ©dio; em outro, foi necessĂĄria a ressecção da lĂngula. NĂŁo houve mortalidade cirĂșrgica nesta sĂ©rie. As provas de função pulmonar do pĂłs-operatĂłrio demonstraram uma redução mĂ©dia de 20% no volume expiratĂłrio forçado no primeiro segundo (p < 000,1), em comparação com os valores verificados antes da cirurgia. CONCLUSĂES: A lobectomia em doadores pulmonares vivos para transplante apresenta elevado risco de complicaçÔes pĂłs-operatĂłrias e resulta em perda definitiva da função pulmonar Uma cuidadosa avaliação prĂ©-operatĂłria faz-se necessĂĄria para reduzir a incidĂȘncia de complicaçÔes nos doadores vivos de lobos pulmonares para transplante.<br>OBJECTIVE: To evaluate post-operative complications in living lobar lung transplant donors. METHODS: Between September of 1999 and May of 2005, lobectomies were performed in 32 healthy lung transplant donors for 16 recipients. The medical charts of these donors were retrospectively analyzed in order to determine the incidence of postoperative complications and alterations in pulmonary function after lobectomy. RESULTS: Twenty-two donors (68.75%) presented no complications. Among the 10 donors presenting complications, the most frequently observed complication was pleural effusion, which occurred in 5 donors (15.6% of the sample). Red blood cell transfusion was necessary in 3 donors (9.3%), and 2 donors underwent a second surgical procedure due to hemothorax. One donor presented pneumothorax after chest tube removal, and one developed respiratory infection. There were two intra-operative complications (6.25%): one donor required bronchoplasty of the middle lobe; and another required lingular resection. No intra-operative mortality was observed. Post-operative pulmonary function tests demonstrated an average reduction of 20% in forced expiratory volume in one second (p < 000.1) compared to pre-operative values. CONCLUSIONS: Lobectomy in living lung transplant donors presents high risk of post-operative complications and irreversible impairment of pulmonary function. Careful pre-operative evaluation is necessary in order to reduce the incidence of complications in living lobar lung transplant donors