Third-order TRANSPORT: A computer program for designing charged particle beam transport systems

TRANSPORT has been in existence in various evolutionary versions since 1963. The present version of TRANSPORT is a first-, second-, and third-order matrix multiplication computer program intended for the design of static-magnetic beam transport systems. This report discusses the following topics on TRANSPORT: Mathematical formulation of TRANSPORT; input format for TRANSPORT; summaries of TRANSPORT elements; preliminary specifications; description of the beam; physical elements; other transformations; assembling beam lines; operations; variation of parameters for fitting; and available constraints -- the FIT command

Third-order TRANSPORT: A computer program for designing charged particle beam transport systems

TRANSPORT has been in existence in various evolutionary versions since 1963. The present version of TRANSPORT is a first-, second-, and third-order matrix multiplication computer program intended for the design of static-magnetic beam transport systems. This report discusses the following topics on TRANSPORT: Mathematical formulation of TRANSPORT; input format for TRANSPORT; summaries of TRANSPORT elements; preliminary specifications; description of the beam; physical elements; other transformations; assembling beam lines; operations; variation of parameters for fitting; and available constraints -- the FIT command

Spring School on Language, Music, and Cognition: Organizing Events in Time

The interdisciplinary spring school “Language, music, and cognition: Organizing events in time” was held from February 26 to March 2, 2018 at the Institute of Musicology of the University of Cologne. Language, speech, and music as events in time were explored from different perspectives including evolutionary biology, social cognition, developmental psychology, cognitive neuroscience of speech, language, and communication, as well as computational and biological approaches to language and music. There were 10 lectures, 4 workshops, and 1 student poster session. Overall, the spring school investigated language and music as neurocognitive systems and focused on a mechanistic approach exploring the neural substrates underlying musical, linguistic, social, and emotional processes and behaviors. In particular, researchers approached questions concerning cognitive processes, computational procedures, and neural mechanisms underlying the temporal organization of language and music, mainly from two perspectives: one was concerned with syntax or structural representations of language and music as neurocognitive systems (i.e., an intrapersonal perspective), while the other emphasized social interaction and emotions in their communicative function (i.e., an interpersonal perspective). The spring school not only acted as a platform for knowledge transfer and exchange but also generated a number of important research questions as challenges for future investigations

Building an Aerial-Ground Robotics System for Precision Farming: An Adaptable Solution

[No abstract available

Prokineticin 2 Is a Hypothalamic Neuropeptide That Potently Inhibits Food Intake

OBJECTIVE-Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide expressed in central nervous system areas known to be involved in food intake. We therefore hypothesized that PK2 plays a role in energy homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We investigated the effect of nutritional status on hypothalamic PK2 expression and effects of PK2 on the regulation of food intake by intracerebro-ventricular (ICV) injection of PK2 and anti-PK2 antibody. Subsequently, we investigated the potential mechanism of action by determining sites of neuronal activation after ICV injection of PK2, the hypothalamic site of action of PK2, and interaction between PK2 and other hypothalamic neuropeptides regulating energy homeostasis. To investigate PK2's potential as a therapeutic target, we investigated the effect of chronic administration in lean and obese mice. RESULTS - Hypothalamic PK2 expression was reduced by fasting. ICV administration of PK2 to rats potently inhibited food intake, whereas anti-PK2 antibody increased food intake, suggesting that PK2 is an anorectic neuropeptide. ICV administration of PK2 increased c-fos expression in proopiomelanocortin neurons of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. In keeping with this, PK2 administration into the ARC reduced food intake and PK2 increased the release of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) from ex vivo hypothalamic explants. In addition, ICV coadministration of the α-MSH antagonist agouti-related peptide blocked the anorexigenic effects of PK2. Chronic peripheral administration of PK2 reduced food and body weight in lean and obese mice. CONCLUSIONS - This is the first report showing that PK2 has a role in appetite regulation and its anorectic effect is mediated partly via the melanocortin system. © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association

Zur Biologie und Populationsdynamik von Mayetiola destructor (Say, 1817) Kieffer, 1896 an Roggen in Mecklenburg (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).

Mayetiola destructor kommt in Mitteleuropa, in den mit Wirtspflanzen bestellten Gebieten regelmäßig, meist jedoch nur in geringer Dichte vor. Massenvermehrungen von zwei bis höchstens drei Jahren sind in 15 bis 30jährigen Intervallen zu erwarten. Ertragsverluste dürften in Drillbeständen auch während dieser Periode selten meßbar sein, sich dagegen in Einzelpflanzen-Beständen (Zuchtbetriebe) störend auswirken.Mayetiola destructor appears regularly, but generally with a low density, in Central Europe on fields cultivated with its host plants. Mass increases of its populations over a period of two or at most three years may be expected at intervals of 15 to 30 years. On drilled fields the crops will rarely be measurably reduced even during such a period, while crops of single plants (in breeding) can be injured

Zur Verbreitung und zur Morphologie von Mayetiola destructor (Say, 1817) Kieffer, 1896 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).

An Mayetiola destructor (Say, 1817) erfolgten Vergleiche morphometrischer Werte von einer Kansas- (USA) und einer Gülzow-Population (Mecklenburg). Für jede der Populationen wurden herkunftsbedingte konstante Abweichungen für den Verlauf des Flügelgeäders (Cubitus und Lage des Gabelpunktes) festgestellt. Die Form der Klauenglieder variiert in beiden Populationen beträchtlich, während für die Fühler beider Geschlechter keine wesentliche Differenzen erkennbar sind.A comparison of morphometrical data was made between populations of Mayetiola destructor (Say, 1817) in Kansas (USA) and Gülzow (Mecklenburg). Constant differences in the wing venation (cubitus and position of the branching point) dependent on the origin were established for the two populations. The form of the clawed segments varies considerably in both populations, while the antennae of both sexes show no essential differences