Quantum repeaters with individual rare-earth ions at telecommunication wavelengths

We present a quantum repeater scheme that is based on individual erbium and europium ions. Erbium ions are attractive because they emit photons at telecommunication wavelength, while europium ions offer exceptional spin coherence for long-term storage. Entanglement between distant erbium ions is created by photon detection. The photon emission rate of each erbium ion is enhanced by a microcavity with high Purcell factor, as has recently been demonstrated. Entanglement is then transferred to nearby europium ions for storage. Gate operations between nearby ions are performed using dynamically controlled electric-dipole coupling. These gate operations allow entanglement swapping to be employed in order to extend the distance over which entanglement is distributed. The deterministic character of the gate operations allows improved entanglement distribution rates in comparison to atomic ensemble-based protocols. We also propose an approach that utilizes multiplexing in order to enhance the entanglement distribution rate.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Mini-Brayton heat source assembly development

The work accomplished on the Mini-Brayton Heat Source Assembly program is summarized. Required technologies to design, fabricate and assemble components for a high temperature Heat Source Assembly (HSA) which would generate and transfer the thermal energy for a spaceborne Brayton Isotope Power System (BIPS) were developed

Geometry: The leading parameter for the Poisson’s ratio of bending-dominated cellular solids

Control over the deformation behaviour that a cellular structure shows in response to imposed external forces is a requirement for the effective design of mechanical metamaterials, in particular those with negative Poisson’s ratio. This article sheds light on the old question of the relationship between geometric microstructure and mechanical response, by comparison of the deformation properties of bar-and-joint-frameworks with those of their realisation as a cellular solid made from linear-elastic material. For ordered planar tessellation models, we find a classification in terms of the number of degrees of freedom of the framework model: first, in cases where the geometry uniquely prescribes a single deformation mode of the framework model, the mechanical deformation and Poisson’s ratio of the linearly-elastic cellular solid closely follow those of the unique deformation mode; the result is a bending-dominated deformation with negligible dependence of the effective Poisson’s ratio on the underlying material’s Poisson’s ratio and small values of the effective Young’s modulus. Second, in the case of rigid structures or when geometric degeneracy prevents the bending-dominated deformation mode, the effective Poisson’s ratio is material-dependent and the Young’s modulus View the MathML sourceE˜cs large. All analysed structures of this type have positive values of the Poisson’s ratio and large values of View the MathML sourceE˜cs. Third, in the case, where the framework has multiple deformation modes, geometry alone does not suffice to determine the mechanical deformation. These results clarify the relationship between mechanical properties of a linear-elastic cellular solid and its corresponding bar-and-joint framework abstraction. They also raise the question if, in essence, auxetic behaviour is restricted to the geometry-guided class of bending-dominated structures corresponding to unique mechanisms, with inherently low values of the Young’s modulus

Mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the bladder cancer and the immune response applied to a patient: Evolution and short-term prediction

[EN] Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in the urinary system and a highly aggressive neoplasm. The prognosis is not favorable usually, and its evolution for particular patients is very difficult to find out. In this paper, we propose a dynamic mathematical model that describes the bladder tumor growth and the immune response evolution. This model is customized for a single patient, determining appropriate model parameter values via model calibration. Due to the uncertainty of the tumor evolution, using the calibrated model parameters, we predict the tumor size and the immune response evolution over the next few months assuming three different scenarios: favorable, neutral, and unfavorable. In the former, it is not expected any trace of the cancer in the middle of September 2018 (after 16 mo). In the neutral scenario, at the same date, a 7- to 8-mm tumor is expected. In the worst case, a 40-mm tumor is expected. The patient was cited on 10 September 2018 to check the tumor size, and according to the doctors, there was no sign of recurrence. It seems that we are in the favorable scenario. The patient will be called again for follow-up in mid-2019.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad grant MTM2017-89664-P.Burgos-Simon, C.; García-Medina, N.; Martínez-Rodríguez, D.; Villanueva Micó, RJ. (2019). Mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the bladder cancer and the immune response applied to a patient: Evolution and short-term prediction. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences. 42(17):5746-5757. https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.5536S574657574217Official Site for Spanish Medic Oncology Society.https://www.seom.org. Accessed: 25/09/2018.Greenlee, R. T., Hill-Harmon, M. B., Murray, T., & Thun, M. (2001). Cancer Statistics, 2001. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 51(1), 15-36. doi:10.3322/canjclin.51.1.15Holmang, S., Hedelin, H., Anderstrom, C., & Johansson, S. L. (1995). The Relationship Among Multiple Recurrences, Progression and Prognosis of Patients with Stages TA and T1 Transitional Cell Cancer of the Bladder Followed for at least 20 years. Journal of Urology, 153(6), 1823-1827. doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)67321-xRedelman-Sidi, G., Glickman, M. S., & Bochner, B. H. (2014). The mechanism of action of BCG therapy for bladder cancer—a current perspective. Nature Reviews Urology, 11(3), 153-162. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2014.15Bladder Cancer Treatment (PDQ)‐Health Professional Version.https://www.cancer.gov/types/bladder/hp/bladder-treatment-pdq. Accessed: 25/09/2018.Bladder Cancer Treatment (PDQ)‐Patient Version.https://www.cancer.gov/types/bladder/patient/bladder-treatment-pdq. Accessed: 25/09/2018.Official Site for Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain.http://www.hospital-lafe.com. Accessed: 25/09/2018.Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. Cell, 144(5), 646-674. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013Dong, H., Strome, S. E., Salomao, D. R., Tamura, H., Hirano, F., Flies, D. B., … Chen, L. (2002). Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: A potential mechanism of immune evasion. Nature Medicine, 8(8), 793-800. doi:10.1038/nm730Fernandez, N. C., Lozier, A., Flament, C., Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P., Bellet, D., Suter, M., … Zitvogel, L. (1999). Dendritic cells directly trigger NK cell functions: Cross-talk relevant in innate anti-tumor immune responses in vivo. Nature Medicine, 5(4), 405-411. doi:10.1038/7403Factsheet of OncoTICE 2 − 8 × 108UFC powder for suspension intravesical (in Spanish).https://www.aemps.gob.es/cima/pdfs/es/ft/61377/61377_ft.pdf. Accessed: 25/09/2018

Complete Long-Term Remission of an Inflammatory Pseudotumor under Corticosteroid Therapy

Inflammatory pseudotumors (IPT) form a group of etiologically, histologically, and biologically heterogeneous tumefactive lesions that are histologically characterized by prominent inflammatory infiltrates. IPT has been described in various organs including the lungs, bladder, liver, spleen, heart, and others. It may mimic a malignant tumor clinically and radiologically. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman with an ALK1-negative IPT (7 cm in maximal diameter) mainly located in the 12th right back muscles, surrounding a fractured rib. Histologically, the tumor consisted of an inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of diffusely distributed lymphoplasmacytic cells and stromal fibroblasts associated with focal obliterative phlebitis. Conservative steroid treatment resulted in complete remission and the patient remained disease-free for more than 1 year later. To our knowledge this is the first report of IPT involving the skeletal back muscle and complete resolution under corticosteroid treatment

Agricultural and community development extension in Missouri from an information macrosystems perspective

"June 1982."Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-128)

Using Wildlife as Receptor Species: A Landscape

To assist risk assessors at the Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (SRS), a Geographic Information System (GIS) application was developed to provide relevant information about specific receptor species of resident wildlife that can be used for ecological risk assessment. Information was obtained from an extensive literature review of publications and reports on vertebrate- and contaminant- related research since 1954 and linked to a GIS. Although this GIS is a useful tool for risk assessors because the data quality is high, it does not describe the species’ site-wide spatial distribution or life history, which may be crucial when developing a risk assessment. Specific receptor species on the SRS were modeled to provide an estimate of an overall distribution (probability of being in an area). Each model is a stand-alone tool consisting of algorithms independent of the GIS data layers to which it is applied and therefore is dynamic and will respond to changes such as habitat disturbances and natural succession. This paper describes this modeling process and demonstrates how these resource selection models can then be used to produce spatially explicit exposure estimates. This approach is a template for other large federal facilities to establish a framework for site-specific risk assessments that use wildlife species as endpoints