Analisis Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di Taman Kanak-kanak Kecamatan Bangkinang Kabupaten Kampar

Anak merupakan individu yang akan melanjutkan generasi manusia pada masa yang akandatang. Mempersiapkan anak untuk menghadapi kehidupan yang akan datang sangatdiperlukan. Salah satu yang harus diperhatikan adalah perkembangan motorik kasar anak.Motorik kasar. Perkembangan motorik kasar merupakan kematangan kerja mekanisme ototdan syaraf. Observasi yang dilakukan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di Taman Kanak-kanak sekecamatan Bangkinang Kabupaten Kampar dapat di ketahui bahwa kemampuan motorik kasartermasuk dalam kategori BSB (berkembang sangat baik) dengan persentase sebesar 77.45%.Dari indikator penelitian dapat dilihat nilai yang tertinggi adalah melakukan kegiatan kebersihandiri yang memiliki persentase (%) sebesar 83.39%. Sedangkan nilai yang terendah indikatormelakukan gerakan tubuh secara terkoordinasi untuk melatih kelenturan, keseimbangan dankelincahan yang memiliki persentase (%) sebesar 72.74% yang termasuk dalam kategori BSH(berkembang sesuai dengan harapan)

Iron in Ice Cores from Law Dome, East Antarctica: Implications for Past Deposition of Aerosol Iron

Total-dissolvable iron has been measured in sections of three ice cores from Law Dome, East Antarctica, and the results used to calculate atmospheric iron deposition over this region during the late Holocene and to provide a preliminary est. of aerosol iron deposition during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Ice-core sections dating from 56-2730 BP (late Holocene) and ∼18 000 BP (LGM) were decontaminated using trace-metal clean techniques, and total-dissolvable iron was determined in the acidified meltwaters by flow-injection analysis. Our results suggest that the atmospheric iron flux onto the Law Dome region has varied significantly over time-scales ranging from seasonal to glacial-interglacial. The iron concentrations in ice-core sections from the past century suggest (1) a 2-4-fold variation in the atmospheric iron flux over a single annual cycle, with the highest flux occurring during the spring and summer, and (2) a nearly 7-fold variation in the annual maximum atmospheric iron flux over a 14 yr period. The average estimated atmospheric iron flux calculated from our late-Holocene samples is 0.056-0.14 mg m-2 a-1, which agrees well with Holocene flux estimates derived from aluminum measurements in inland Antarctic ice cores and a recent order-of-magnitude estimate of present-day atmospheric iron deposition over the Southern Ocean. The iron concentration of an ice-core section dating from the LGM was more than 50 times higher than in the late-Holocene ice samples. Using a snow-accumulation rate est. of 130 kg m-2 a-1 for this period, we calculate 0.87 mg m-2 a-1 as a preliminary estimate of atmospheric iron deposition during the LGM, which is 6-16 times greater than our average Late-Holocene iron flux. Our data are consistent with the suggestion that there was a significantly greater flux of atmospheric iron onto the Southern Ocean during the LGM than during the Holocene

Dualities in persistent (co)homology

We consider sequences of absolute and relative homology and cohomology groups that arise naturally for a filtered cell complex. We establish algebraic relationships between their persistence modules, and show that they contain equivalent information. We explain how one can use the existing algorithm for persistent homology to process any of the four modules, and relate it to a recently introduced persistent cohomology algorithm. We present experimental evidence for the practical efficiency of the latter algorithm.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Inverse Problems special issue on Topological Data Analysi

Demographic, Presentation, and Treatment Factors and Racial Disparities in Ovarian Cancer Hospitalization Outcomes

BACKGROUND: This study examines whether racial disparities in hospitalization outcomes persist between African-American and White women with ovarian cancer after matching on demographic, presentation, and treatment factors. METHODS: Using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, 5,164 African-American ovarian cancer patients were sequentially matched with White patients on demographic (e.g., age, income), presentation (e.g., stage, comorbidities), and treatment (e.g., surgery, radiation) factors. Racial differences in-hospital length of stay, post-operative complications, and in-hospital mortality were evaluated using conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: White ovarian cancer patients had relatively higher odds of post-operative complications when matched on demographics (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05, 1.74), and presentation (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.00, 1.65) but not when additionally matched on treatment (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.78, 1.35). African-American patients had longer in-hospital length of stay (6.96 ± 7.21 days) compared with White patients when matched on demographics (6.37 ± 7.07 days), presentation (6.48 ± 7.16 days), and treatment (6.53 ± 7.59 days). Compared with African-American patients, White patients experienced lower odds of in-hospital mortality when matched on demographics (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66, 0.92), but this disparity was no longer significant when additionally matched on presentation (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.75, 1.04) and treatment (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.81, 1.12). CONCLUSION: Racial disparities in ovarian cancer hospitalization outcomes persisted after adjusting for demographic and presentation factors; however these differences were eliminated after additionally accounting for treatment factors. More studies are needed to determine the factors driving racial differences in ovarian cancer treatment in otherwise similar patient populations

Lead Isotopes and Selected Metals in Ice from Law Dome, Antarctica

The isotopic composition. of Pb and the concentrations of Pb, Ba and Bi were measured in selected ice-core samples from Law Dome, East Antarctica, to a depth of 1196 m. The range of concentrations found in decontaminated ice was 0.03-1.5 pg g-1 for Pb, 0.9-6.1 pg g-1 for Ba and 0.4-17 fg g-1 for Bi, excluding the deepest sample which contained ∼1 ppm of rock dust. The abundances of all four stable lead isotopes were measured and gave 206Pb/207Pb ratios ≤ ∼1.23. A value of 208Pb/207Pb = 2.78 was measured in the deepest sample and is consistent with reported Pb isotope ratios of Antarctic granulites. Although the element concentrations in some samples were lower than have been reported elsewhere, geochemical and isotopic evidence indicated that a number of samples were contaminated with Pb not present in the original ice. However, it appears that the technical skills now available are approaching the level where careful sample selection, decontamination and analysis can yield accurate results for the concentration and isotopic composition of Pb in Earth\u27s purest naturally occurring ice

The sensitizing effects of NO2and NO on methane low temperature oxidation in a jet stirred reactor

The oxidation of neat methane (CH4) and CH4doped with NO2or NO in argon has been investigated in a jet-stirred reactor at 107 kPa, temperatures between 650 and 1200 K, with a fixed residence time of 1.5 s, and for different equivalence ratios (Φ), ranging from fuel-lean to fuel-rich conditions. Four different diagnostics have been used: gas chromatography (GC), chemiluminescence NOxanalyzer, continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (cw-CRDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In the case of the oxidation of neat methane, the onset temperature for CH4oxidation was above 1025 K, while it is shifted to 825 K with the addition of NO2or NO, independently of equivalence ratio, indicating that the addition of NO2or NO highly promotes CH4oxidation. The consumption rate of CH4exhibits a similar trend with the presence of both NO2and NO. The amount of produced HCN has been quantified and a search for HONO and CH3NO2species has been attempted. A detailed kinetic mechanism, derived from POLIMI kinetic framework, has been used to interpret the experimental data with a good agreement between experimental data and model predictions. Reaction rate and sensitivity analysis have been conducted to illustrate the kinetic regimes. The fact that the addition of NO or NO2seems to have similar effects on promoting CH4oxidation can be explained by the fact that both species are involved in a reaction cycle interchanging them and whose result is 2CH3+ O2= 2CH2O + 2H. Additionally, the direct participation of NO2in the NO2+ CH2O = HONO + HCO reaction has a notable accelerating effect on methane oxidation

Relationship Between Biogenic Amines and Free Amino Acid Contents of Winesand Musts from Alentejo (Portugal)

The concentration of biogenic amines and free amino acids was studied in 102 Portuguese wines and 18 musts from Alentejo demarcated (D.O.C.) regions. Most wines were commercial, except for 38 monovarietals obtained by micro vinification. Musts from the varieties used to produce the latter wines were also studied. Both biogenic amines and free amino acids were analyzed by HPLC using fluorescence detection for their o-phthalaldehyde/fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (OPA/FMOC) derivatives. The most significant amines (average 10.8 mg/L for histamine+tyramine in red, and 7.4 mg/L for white wines) were found to be present at low levels and, although no important relationship between each individual biogenic amine could be obtained, the total amine content depends significantly on the assimilable amino acid content in wine

Identification of Lone-Pair Surface States on Indium Oxide

Indium oxide is widely used as a transparent electrode in optoelectronic devices and as a photocatalyst with activity for reduction of CO₂. However, very little is known about the structural and electronic properties of its surfaces, particularly those prepared under reducing conditions. In this report, directional “lone-pair” surface states associated with filled 5s² orbitals have been identified on vacuum-annealed In₂O₃(111) through a combination of hard and soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The lone pairs reside on indium ad-atoms in a formal +1 oxidation state, each of which traps two electrons into a localized hybrid orbital protruding away from the surface and lying just above the valence band maximum in photoemission spectra. The third electron associated with the ad-atoms is delocalized into the conduction band, thus producing the surface electron accumulation layer identified previously on vacuum-annealed In₂O₃(111) (1 × 1) surfaces. The surface structure is further supported by low-energy electron diffraction, but there is no chemical shift in indium core level X-ray photoelectron spectra between surface In­(I) ad-atoms and bulk In­(III). The 5s² lone pairs confer Lewis basicity on the surface In sites and may have a pronounced impact on the catalytic or photocatalytic activity of reduced In₂O₃