Strengthening of the net section of steel elements under tensile loads with bonded CFRP strips

Abstract : The use of CFRP is increasingly common as a solution for the strengthening of structures, but the majority of research and applications have focused on the retrofit of concrete structures. The application of CFRP adhesively bonded to enhance the load carrying capacity of metallic elements has been widely studied in the aeronautical industry but is also a promising technique for the civil engineering area. This paper presents an experimental study to verify the effectiveness of the use of CFRP for the strengthening of the net section of steel elements under tensile loading. A series of tensile tests were conducted with different bond lengths, different number of layers and different surface preparation of steel elements in double lap joints and steel plates. The ultimate load, the failure mode and the effective bond length for CFRP strengthened specimens were determined. The results showed that using CFRP sheets for the strengthening against net area failure provides no gain on the ultimate state, provides a small gain at the elastic limit, and provides a larger gain if the designer accepts to increase the capacity from the elastic limit to the debondig limit

Desarrollo del modelo de negocio y estrategias de posicionamiento de marca, comunicación digital y comercialización para el lanzamiento de salsa macha y salsa picante, en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara

En este proyecto se aborda el trabajo de investigación y aplicación realizada para la empresa Romy’s, la cual desarrolla sus actividades económicas en el giro alimenticio, específicamente en la elaboración de salsas y condimentos. Los requerimientos de la empresa para este proyecto fueron extensos, pero de forma general lo que buscaban era el lanzamiento de 2 productos al mercado, los cuales son Salsa Picante y Salsa Macha. Para esto, requirieron asesoría financiera para la fijación de precio e identificación de costos, la validación de la imagen de los productos, el naming, la viabilidad del envase, los puntos de venta para la comercialización, identificación de su mercado meta (B2C y B2B), identidad corporativa y de marca. Todos los objetivos que se desarrollaron a lo largo del documento se llevaron a cabo por medio de un proceso individual, con una metodología de contraste, combinando información secundaria de investigación, conocimientos previos por parte de los integrantes del equipo e información primaria obtenida por parte de la empresa. Al completar cada objetivo específico, se desarrollaron 14 diferentes entregables, los cuales implementará la empresa al culminar este proyecto.ITESO, A.C

Estimates of repeatability coefficients and the number of the optimum measure to select superior genotypes in Annona muricata L.

The aim of this study was to evaluate repeated measures over the years to estimate repeatability coefficient and the number of the optimum measure to select superior genotypes in Annona muricata L. The fruit production was evaluated over 16 years in 71 genotypes without an experimental design. The estimation of variance components and the prediction of the permanent phenotypic value were performed using REML/BLUP proceedings. The coefficient of determination, accuracy, and selective efficiency increased when measures increased. The coefficient of determination of 80% was reached beyond 8 crop seasons with high accuracy and selective efficiency. Thus, the evaluation of 8 crop seasons can be suitable to select superior genotypes in the A. muricata L. breeding program. Predicted selection gain had a high magnitude for fruit production indicating that it is possible to take a progressive genetic advance for this trait over cycle breeding

Spin-Flip Noise in a Multi-Terminal Spin-Valve

We study shot noise and cross correlations in a four terminal spin-valve geometry using a Boltzmann-Langevin approach. The Fano factor (shot noise to current ratio) depends on the magnetic configuration of the leads and the spin-flip processes in the normal metal. In a four-terminal geometry, spin-flip processes are particular prominent in the cross correlations between terminals with opposite magnetization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

The exposure of the nursing profession in online and print media

OBJECTIVE: to describe the coverage of news concerning the nursing profession in the Portuguese media: informative sites on the Internet and in print media. METHOD: a total of 1,271 health news items were collected in September and October of 2011 (956 online news items and 325 news items originating from the press review of the Portuguese Order of Nurses). Statistical analysis was used to characterize the variables. RESULTS: nurses were the sources of information in 6.6% of cases, suggesting limited media exposure. The health news collected is characterized by a production based on limited information sources, that is, male and official sources, on information disseminated by news agencies focused on economic and political issues in the health field. CONCLUSION: the presence of nurses in the news concerning nursing health is reduced. We suggest that nurses develop public communication skills to disseminate the importance of their profession in society and their relationship with the media

Análise do termo de primeira ordem das séries de Molodenskii para o problema de valor de contorno da geodésia

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o termo de primeira ordem das séries de Molodenskii usando as seguintes abordagens: a solução dada pela série de Molodenskii; a solução pelo gradiente vertical; e a solução pela correção de terreno como aproximação do termo <img border=0 width=32 height=32 src="../../../../img/revistas/bcg/v16n4/a05simb03.jpg">. As duas últimas soluções foram obtidas por Moritz. As duas primeiras soluções mostraram-se coerentes entre si nas condições aqui analisadas. A comparação foi feita em termos de anomalia de altitude de primeira ordem <img border=0 width=32 height=32 src="../../../../img/revistas/bcg/v16n4/a05simb04.jpg">. Em termos do quase geoide final, o uso da correção de terreno em vez do termo <img border=0 width=32 height=32 src="../../../../img/revistas/bcg/v16n4/a05simb03.jpg">mostrou-se eficiente em termos da avaliação realizada com dados independentes; neste caso, 42 referências de nível posicionadas por GPS. A metodologia, os resultados, as discussões, conclusões e recomendações práticas são apresentadas

Control of sulphide during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters by adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate

Sulphide generated during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters represents an environmental problem. Adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate (or nitrite) to biologically (or chemically) oxidise sulphide forms a simple process level strategy to control this problem. This short review evaluates the feasibility and limitations of this strategy on the basis of the results of bioreactor studies.Sulphide generated during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters represents an environmental problem. Adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate (or nitrite) to biologically (or chemically) oxidise sulphide forms a simple process level strategy to control this problem. This short review evaluates the feasibility and limitations of this strategy on the basis of the results of bioreactor studies.Spanish Ministry of Education and Science; AEA Technology Environment; Nova Energie; The Swedish Gas Centre; University of Southern Denmark