Regionalization and connectivity in the Gulf of Cádiz and Alborán Sea implication for marine spatial planning and coastal management

This work proposes a regionalization of marine waters south of the Iberian Peninsula based on empirical orthogonal functions and GIS analysis. The regions identified are consistent and correspond to hydrological mesoscale and macroscale structures well characterized from physical and biological viewpoints. Although it is difficult to determine the boundaries of a fluid continuously moving, the procedure used recognizes the most frequent patterns and can be used to reference geographically the most likely position of the limit among the regions. Once established the regions, the connectivity among them is addressed by means of geostrophic currents derived from altimetry data. The main geostrophic circulation pattern depict an elevate connectivity in the area that might facilitate the conservation and recovering of species, but also imply a higher vulnerability to negative externalities and highlight the need of models, marine spatial planning, and coastal management approaches that includes the pelagic ecosystem and connectivity of the seas. Furthermore, the results confirm that the cooperation between public authorities at different levels (local, regional, state) as well as among riparian countries is essential for marine spatial planning and prevention of potential risk derived from upcoming marine activities in the framework of the 2020 agenda and Blue Growth strategy.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Significado patológico de la imagen ultrasónica en pequeños animales

La ecografía es una técnica de diagnóstico por imagen segura, no invasiva y que no requiere una preparación excesiva del animal. Se utiliza para estudiar tejidos blandos, permitiendo la valoración del tamaño, forma, situación y estructura de los mismos. La ecografía o ultrasonografía se basa en los ultrasonidos generados en un dispositivo llamado transductor, compuesto por cristales piezoeléctricos. La Histopatología constituye un medio diagnóstico especializado, complementario de otras técnicas diagnósticas como la ecografía y que, en la mayoría de los casos, resulta esencial en cuanto a establecer un diagnóstico definitivo en muchos procesos patológicos. La toma de biopsias para realizar un estudio histopatológico requiere una acción agresiva “in vivo” sobre el animal pudiendo servirse de la técnica ecográfica para realizar la toma de muestras de los diferentes órganos internos. El objetivo de este trabajo es el establecimiento de una correlación directa entre la imagen ultrasónica de órganos normales y patológicos procedentes de animales eutanasiados o de extirpaciones quirúrgicas de rutina, con la imagen macroscópica e histopatológica de esos mismos órganos.Ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique safe, non invasive and does not require excessive grooming of the animal. Is used to study soft tissue, allowing the assessment of the size, shape, location and structure of the data. Ultrasound sonography, based on the ultrasound generated in a device called a transducer, comprising crystals piezoeléctricos. La constitutes a diagnostic Histopathology specialized complementary to other diagnostic techniques such as ultrasound and that, in most cases, it is essential as for a defi nitive diagnosis in many disease processes. The biopsy for histopathological study requires aggressive action “in vivo” on the animal can use ultrasound technique for sampling of the different organs internos. The aim of this study is to establish a direct correlation between the ultrasound image of normal and pathological organs from animals euthanized or routine surgical excision with macroscopic images and histopathologyf these same organs

Activities of the European topic centre on soils: the Spanish information system on soils

3 pages, 9 references.-- Forma parte del capítulo Data Availability.-- Trabajo presentado al International Workshop celebrado del 9-11 de octubre 1999, en Alghero, Italia.Within the general activities of the ETC on soils one of the tasks is the development of the Spanish Information System on Soils. This activity is being developed under the agreement between the Spanish Ministry of Environment (MIMAM) and the Spanish High Council for Research (CSIC). This presentation focuses on the development of a database on soil hydraulic properties within the framework of the mentioned agreement MIMAM-CSIC. The database try to compile all existing data of hydraulic properties of the spanish soils. For the development of such a database we have taken into account the existing database of hydraulic properties of european soils (HYPRES) in which the IRNAS (CSIC) of Seville was a contributor. The spanish database on soil hydraulic properties includes detailed references of other soil properties, and the temporal variability of hydraulic properties due to the different soil use and management. This database can be an useful tool in the study of desertification processes, erosion and transport of contaminant.Peer reviewe

Late Protein Synthesis-Dependent Phases in CTA Long-Term Memory: BDNF Requirement

It has been proposed that long-term memory (LTM) persistence requires a late protein synthesis-dependent phase, even many hours after memory acquisition. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an essential protein synthesis product that has emerged as one of the most potent molecular mediators for long-term synaptic plasticity. Studies in the rat hippocampus have been shown that BDNF is capable to rescue the late-phase of long-term potentiation as well as the hippocampus-related LTM when protein synthesis was inhibited. Our previous studies on the insular cortex (IC), a region of the temporal cortex implicated in the acquisition and storage of conditioned taste aversion (CTA), have demonstrated that intracortical delivery of BDNF reverses the deficit in CTA memory caused by the inhibition of IC protein synthesis due to anisomycin administration during early acquisition. In this work, we first analyze whether CTA memory storage is protein synthesis-dependent in different time windows. We observed that CTA memory become sensible to protein synthesis inhibition 5 and 7 h after acquisition. Then, we explore the effect of BDNF delivery (2 μg/2 μl per side) in the IC during those late protein synthesis-dependent phases. Our results show that BDNF reverses the CTA memory deficit produced by protein synthesis inhibition in both phases. These findings support the notion that recurrent rounds of consolidation-like events take place in the neocortex for maintenance of CTA memory trace and that BDNF is an essential component of these processes

Hallucinations and Delusions as Low-Quality Attributions: Influencing Factors and Proposal for Their Analysis

Hallucinations and delusions, in keeping with the distress accompanying them, are major features in the diagnosis of psychosis in international classifications. In spite of their human and clinical importance, the concepts are unclear. The distinction between hallucinations and delusions in terms of perception-thought is not precise enough, causing problems in analyzing the patient's words. Nor are the differentiations or variations within each precise enough. Continuing the long clinical tradition discussing the distinction between hallucinations and delusions while assuming their similarities, this study poses a concept integrating the two phenomena as attributions people make about themselves and their settings. Then the elements of any attribution can be used as guides for structuring significant literature on both, and reduce analytical ambiguity. Such attributions make more sense within the structure of two-way relationships with factors in a person's own framework and setting. This structure is described with its variables and relationships as a guide to assessment, follow-up, and intervention. Two checklists are provided for orientation