3D color homography model for photo-realistic color transfer re-coding

Color transfer is an image editing process that naturally transfers the color theme of a source image to a target image. In this paper, we propose a 3D color homography model which approximates photo-realistic color transfer algorithm as a combination of a 3D perspective transform and a mean intensity mapping. A key advantage of our approach is that the re-coded color transfer algorithm is simple and accurate. Our evaluation demonstrates that our 3D color homography model delivers leading color transfer re-coding performance. In addition, we also show that our 3D color homography model can be applied to color transfer artifact fixing, complex color transfer acceleration, and color-robust image stitching

Quantification of the 2-Deoxyribonolactone and Nucleoside 5 '-Aldehyde Products of 2-Deoxyribose Oxidation in DNA and Cells by Isotope-Dilution Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry: Differential Effects of gamma-Radiation and Fe2+-EDTA

The oxidation of 2-deoxyribose in DNA has emerged as a critical determinant of the cellular toxicity of oxidative damage to DNA, with oxidation of each carbon producing a unique spectrum of electrophilic products. We have developed and validated an isotope-dilution gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (GC−MS) method for the rigorous quantification of two major 2-deoxyribose oxidation products: the 2-deoxyribonolactone abasic site of 1′-oxidation and the nucleoside 5′-aldehyde of 5′-oxidation chemistry. The method entails elimination of these products as 5-methylene-2(5H)-furanone (5MF) and furfural, respectively, followed by derivatization with pentafluorophenylhydrazine (PFPH), addition of isotopically labeled PFPH derivatives as internal standards, extraction of the derivatives, and quantification by GC−MS analysis. The precision and accuracy of the method were validated with oligodeoxynucleotides containing the 2-deoxyribonolactone and nucleoside 5′-aldehyde lesions. Further, the well-defined 2-deoxyribose oxidation chemistry of the enediyne antibiotics, neocarzinostatin and calicheamicin γ1I, was exploited in control studies, with neocarzinostatin producing 10 2-deoxyribonolactone and 300 nucleoside 5′-aldehyde per 106 nt per μM in accord with its established minor 1′- and major 5′-oxidation chemistry. Calicheamicin unexpectedly caused 1′-oxidation at a low level of 10 2-deoxyribonolactone per 106 nt per μM in addition to the expected predominance of 5′-oxidation at 560 nucleoside 5′-aldehyde per 106 nt per μM. The two hydroxyl radical-mediated DNA oxidants, γ-radiation and Fe2+−EDTA, produced nucleoside 5′-aldehyde at a frequency of 57 per 106 nt per Gy (G-value 74 nmol/J) and 3.5 per 106 nt per μM, respectively, which amounted to 40% and 35%, respectively, of total 2-deoxyribose oxidation as measured by a plasmid nicking assay. However, γ-radiation and Fe2+−EDTA produced different proportions of 2-deoxyribonolactone at 7% and 24% of total 2-deoxyribose oxidation, respectively, with frequencies of 10 lesions per 106 nt per Gy (G-value, 13 nmol/J) and 2.4 lesions per 106 nt per μM. Studies in TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells, in which the analytical data were corrected for losses sustained during DNA isolation, revealed background levels of 2-deoxyribonolactone and nucleoside 5′-aldehyde of 9.7 and 73 lesions per 106 nt, respectively. γ-Irradiation of the cells caused increases of 0.045 and 0.22 lesions per 106 nt per Gy, respectively, which represents a 250-fold quenching effect of the cellular environment similar to that observed in previous studies. The proportions of the various 2-deoxyribose oxidation products generated by γ-radiation are similar for purified DNA and cells. These results are consistent with solvent exposure as a major determinant of hydroxyl radical reactivity with 2-deoxyribose in DNA, but the large differences between γ-radiation and Fe2+−EDTA suggest that factors other than hydroxyl radical reactivity govern DNA oxidation chemistry.National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES002109)National Center for Research Resources (U.S.) (RR023783-01)National Center for Research Resources (U.S.) (RR017905-01)National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (CA103146

A História da Alimentação: balizas historiográficas

Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da História da Alimentação, não como um novo ramo epistemológico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de práticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicações, associações, encontros acadêmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condições em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biológica, a econômica, a social, a cultural e a filosófica!, assim como da identificação das contribuições mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histórica, foi ela organizada segundo critérios morfológicos. A seguir, alguns tópicos importantes mereceram tratamento à parte: a fome, o alimento e o domínio religioso, as descobertas européias e a difusão mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rápido balanço crítico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema

Face spoofing detection based on colour distortions

International audienceSecuring face recognition systems against spoofing attacks have been recognised as a real challenge. Spoofing attacks are conducted by printing or displaying a digital acquisition of a capture subject (target user) in front of the sensor. These extra reproduction stages generate colour distortions between face artefacts and real faces. In this work, the problem of spoof detection is addressed by modelling the radiometric distortions generated by the recapturing process. The spoof detection process takes advantage of enrolment data and occurs after face identification so that for each client the authors have at disposal at least one genuine face sample as a reference. Once identified, they compute the colour transformation between the observed face and its enrolment counterpart. A compact parametric representation is proposed to model those radiometric transforms and it is used as features for classification. They evaluate the proposed method on Replay-Attack, CASIA and MSU public databases and show its competitiveness with state-of-the-art countermeasures. Limitations of the proposed method are clearly identified and discussed through experiments in adversary evaluation conditions where colour distortions are not only generated by the recapturing process but also by natural illumination variations

The effect of potential supramolecular-bond promoters on the DNA-interacting abilities of copper-terpyridine compounds.

Three copper(II) coordination compounds have been prepared from three different 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-based ligands, which have been selected to investigate the potential role of supramolecular interactions on the DNA-interacting and cytotoxicity properties of the corresponding metal complexes. Hence, the ligands 4′-((naphthalen-2-yl)methoxy)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (Naphtpy) and 4′-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methoxy)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (Bimztpy) have been synthesized from commercially-available 4′-chloro-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (Cltpy), and their copper(II) complexes have been obtained by reaction with copper(II) nitrate. The DNA-interacting abilities of the corresponding compounds [Cu(Cltpy)(H2O)(NO3)2] (1), [Cu(naphtpy)(NO3)(H2O)](NO3)(MeOH) (2) and [Cu(bimztpy)(NO3)(H2O)](NO3) (3) have been investigated using different techniques, and cytotoxicity assays with several cancer cell lines have revealed interesting features, viz. the more efficient complex is 2, which although it does not act as a DNA cleaver, displays the most effective DNA-interacting and cytotoxic properties, compared to 1 and 3