Pathomorphological Changes in Poultry Pasteurellios, Pullorosis and Colibacteriosis Diseases

The organism of chicken infected with individual pathogens exhibits relatively simple patho-anatomical modifications in the presence of two or three separate bacterial pathogens. Because it is highly challenging to differentiate between mixed bacterial infections based just on clinical symptoms, pathologoanatomical examination and distinction are preferred. These disorders will be accurately diagnosed promptly and without delay if the pathologo-anatomical investigations are properly examined, and preventive measures will be consistently applied

Comprehensive assessment of the quality of life of patients with glaucoma when using various methods of treatment

Background. Research and maintenance of an acceptable quality of life is considered to be the main aim of treating chronic incurable disease including glaucoma.The aim. To perform a comprehensive assessment of the quality of life of patients with glaucoma when using various types of surgical and conservative treatment before treatment and 1 month after treatment.Material and methods. We carried out a randomized controlled study which included 229 patients, divided into 2 groups. The first group of patients (133 people) received various types of surgical intervention for glaucoma, consisted of 6 subgroups. They had the following types of surgeries: sinus trabeculectomy with the use of “Glautex” drainage implant; classical sinus trabeculectomy; sinus trabeculectomy with implantation of drainage made of a collagen hemostatic foam; transscleral laser cyclocoagulation of the ciliary body; cataract phacoemulsification in comorbid primary open-angle glaucoma and in primary closed-angle glaucoma. The second group consisted of 96 patients who received conservative treatment; it consisted of 4 subgroups. Patients of subgroups of the 2nd group received various types of conservative therapy against the background of local antihypertensive therapy: complex treatment with the use of vasoprotectives, vitamins, nootropics in a hospital setting; neuroprotective therapy in the form of Retinalamin intramuscular injection. After receiving informed voluntary consent to participate in the study, all patients underwent a comprehensive assessment of the quality of life using universal, specific and psychological questionnaires (SF-36, visual analogue scale, EQ-5D, VFQ-25, GQL-15, VF-14 and HADS) before treatment and 1 month after treatment.Results. The therapy had a positive effect on the quality of life in both groups of patients, however the most pronounced positive dynamics is registered in patients having conservative therapy as compared with those having surgical treatment. The use of valid, reliable questionnaires makes it possible to fully assess the quality of life in glaucoma

Remote Prophylaxis of Social and Educational Adaptation of University International Entrants in Total Pandemic

The relevance of the study is due to the trends of the global pandemic, which provoked an extremal transition of all areas of higher education to distance learning, as the only possible way to work with domestic and international entrants and students. In addition, the trends of the pandemic in the current educational environment also determine the special need to develop remote mechanisms for a prophylaxis approach to solving the problems of social and educational adaptation of international entrants – future University students. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying the features of remote prophylaxis of social and educational adaptation of entrants. The article reveals the transformation of social and educational adaptation of international entrants in the global pandemic; defines the structure and content of remote prophylaxis of social and educational adaptation of international University entrants in the global pandemic. Based on the results of the research, the authors of the article substantiate the prophylaxis model of the educational and software complex for remote prophylaxis of social and educational adaptation of University international entrants. The effectiveness of the model is proved by the results of its use in the process of remote social and educational adaptation of University international entrants in the context of a global pandemic. The materials of the article have practical application and can be useful in the development and implementation of various methods and practices of social and educational adaptation of international entrants – future University students in the context of a global pandemic. It is recommended for University teachers and students, methodologists, curators, Tutors

The Hepatitis B Virus Ribonuclease H Is Sensitive to Inhibitors of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Ribonuclease H and Integrase Enzymes

Nucleos(t)ide analog therapy blocks DNA synthesis by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase and can control the infection, but treatment is life-long and has high costs and unpredictable long-term side effects. The profound suppression of HBV by the nucleos(t)ide analogs and their ability to cure some patients indicates that they can push HBV to the brink of extinction. Consequently, more patients could be cured by suppressing HBV replication further using a new drug in combination with the nucleos(t)ide analogs. The HBV ribonuclease H (RNAseH) is a logical drug target because it is the second of only two viral enzymes that are essential for viral replication, but it has not been exploited, primarily because it is very difficult to produce active enzyme. To address this difficulty, we expressed HBV genotype D and H RNAseHs in E. coli and enriched the enzymes by nickel-affinity chromatography. HBV RNAseH activity in the enriched lysates was characterized in preparation for drug screening. Twenty-one candidate HBV RNAseH inhibitors were identified using chemical structure-activity analyses based on inhibitors of the HIV RNAseH and integrase. Twelve anti-RNAseH and anti-integrase compounds inhibited the HBV RNAseH at 10 μM, the best compounds had low micromolar IC50 values against the RNAseH, and one compound inhibited HBV replication in tissue culture at 10 μM. Recombinant HBV genotype D RNAseH was more sensitive to inhibition than genotype H. This study demonstrates that recombinant HBV RNAseH suitable for low-throughput antiviral drug screening has been produced. The high percentage of compounds developed against the HIV RNAseH and integrase that were active against the HBV RNAseH indicates that the extensive drug design efforts against these HIV enzymes can guide anti-HBV RNAseH drug discovery. Finally, differential inhibition of HBV genotype D and H RNAseHs indicates that viral genetic variability will be a factor during drug development. © 2013 Tavis et al

STUDENT ATTITUDE TO DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN RUSSIA

Purpose of the study: Since the new generation is the main entity of material and social benefits’ renewal process of any state, the article aims to identify the students’ attitude to the demographic situation in Russia. It is the younger generation of different age groups that is the main labor unit of the state population. Relevant is the fact that the issues of demography are a global challenge of self-organizing society.  The purpose of the article is to identify the students’ attitude to the demographic situation in Russia, as well as to consider various models of reproductive behavior. Methodology: The leading methods for the study of this problem is the survey method, which allows to make a qualitative analysis of the characteristics of the students’ attitude to the demographic situation in Russia and to establish the subjective position of students regarding demographic development. Results: The article reveals that the following administrative and legal measures contribute to the improvement of the demographic situation in the country (legislative acts regulating the marriage age, divorce, attitude to abortion and contraception, the status of mother and children in the divorce, working women’s labor regime); economic measures (paid leave, various benefits at child’s birth, preferential credit conditions if necessary, tax and housing benefits); educational measures (formation of public opinion, the core and standards of demographic behavior, determination of attitude to religious norms, traditions and customs, family planning policy, sexual education of youth). The authors established a high level of awareness of students about the demographic situation in the country; the presence of anxiety about this situation. Applications of this study: The data obtained in the work can be used in sociology, social psychology, political science, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study revealed a high level of awareness of young people about the demographic situation in the country, certain anxiety about this situation. However, young people are not in a hurry to participate in the solution of demographic problems, referring mainly to the difficulties of material nature. This indicates the need for more careful consideration of measures of state support for young families, taking into account the research of their opinion on this matter

Electronic properties and phase transitions in low-dimensional semiconductors

We present the first review of the current state of the literature on electronic properties and phase transitions in TlX and TlMX2 (M = Ga, In; X = Se, S, Te) compounds. These chalcogenides belong to a family of the low-dimensional semiconductors possessing chain or layered structure. They are of significant interest because of their highly anisotropic properties, semi- and photoconductivity, non-linear effects in their I-V characteristics (including a region of negative differential resistance), switching and memory effects, second harmonic optical generation, relaxor behavior and potential applications for optoelectronic devices. We review the crystal structure of TlX and TlMX2 compounds, their transport properties under ambient conditions, experimental and theoretical studies of the electronic structure, transport properties and semiconductor-metal phase transitions under high pressure, and sequences of temperature-induced structural phase transitions with intermediate incommensurate states. Electronic nature of the ferroelectric phase transitions in the above-mentioned compounds, as well as relaxor behavior, nanodomains and possible occurrence of quantum dots in doped and irradiated crystals is discussed.Comment: 70 pages, 38 figure

COMPLEX EVALUATION PARAMETERS OF CENTRAL AORTIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND MAIN ARTERIES STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, DEPENDING ON THE PREVALENCE OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Objective: to study the parameters of central aortic blood pressure and main arteries stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) depending on the prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions. Material and methods: the study involved 90 patients with a diagnosis of unstable angina class II B (E. Braunwald et al., 1989) the control group consisted of 27 healthy people. The method of applanation tonometry using the apparatus of SphygmoCor («AtCor Medical», Australia) studied the performance stiffness: pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx). Coronary angiography was performed at the facility Allura CV-20 (Philips, The Netherlands), the state of the carotid arteries was studied by duplex ultrasonography, evaluation of involvement of femoral arteries was based on ankle-brachial inde

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF STANDARDIZATION IN MEDICAL INFORMATICS

The application of the medical standard HL7 CDA for the tasks of creating clinical documents and digital signature means suitable for use in a single information space is described. A new specification (FHIR standard) is presented, based on the latest approaches in the field of e-health, but taking into account all the accumulated experience (real needs, successful solutions and typical difficulties). The structure of the electronic medical map (EMC), the conceptual, logical and physical model of the database for the needs of the cardiological service, which is the core of the unified information space of the RSSPMCC, is developed

Parameters of passive working bodies of potato digging machine

The major working housing of potato digging machines is a plowshare on which energy costs and the quality of potato digging depend. The examination aims to justify the parameters of the plowshare and the divider of the combined digging working body. The constructive scheme of a potato-digging machine with a combined digging working body, the results of theoretical studies on the substantiation of the primary parameters of the main and intermediate plowshares and the divider, are presented. A special laboratory installation was used to conduct experiments. During the experiments, dividers with different capture widths were made, and the angle of the plowshare installation to the horizon was changed. The degree of damage and loss of the tuber and the traction resistance of the plowshares were taken as evaluation criteria. The outcome of the experimental investigation to determine the parameters of the plowshare is presented. Based on theoretical studies, analytical dependencies, and mathematical models were obtained that allow determining the parameters of the plowshare and the divider of the potato digging machine. It was found that for intensive destruction of the tuberous formation with minimal energy consumption and uniform transportation, the width of the colter of the combined working housing must be 45 cm, the perspective of the plowshare razor solution 90°, the perspective of inclination of the plowshare to the skyline within 27-30°, the length of the plowshare 40 cm, the width of the divider should be 45 cm, its length 39 cm, the angle the solution is 60°, the angle of installation of the working surface to the horizon in the transversely vertical plane is 65° and the range from the toe of the intermediate plowshare to the divider is 32.6 cm

CLINICAL VALUE DISTRIBUTION OF POLYMORPHISM OF THE LIPIDTRANSPORT SYSTEMS GENES IN PATIENTS WITH UNSTABLE ANGINA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN FAMILY HISTORY

Aim. To study influence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in family history on distribution of polymorphism apolipoprotein A1, В and E genes of the lipidtransport systems and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients of Uzbek nationality with unstable angina (UA). Material and methods. There were examined 125 patients of Uzbek nationality with UA. I group (n=63) consisted of patients with burdened family history and II group (n=62) without family history. The control group consisted of 58 healthy persons. The G-A polymorphism of apolipoprotein A1 (APO A1) gene, -516C/T polymorphism of apolipoprotein В (APO B) gene and є2/є3/є4 polymorphism of apolipoprotein E (APO E) gene was determined using reagents Diatom TM DNA Prep 200 (production of LLC « IsoGen Laboratory») Results. In studying the distribution of «damaging» alleles of studied genes among the patients with UA in comparison with healthy persons, has been found a more prevalence of A allele carriers of the APO А1 (HR 3,63, 95% CI 1,638,04, P=0,002). The distribution of «damaging» alleles in comparative analysis of the II group with healthy persons did not differ significantly, whereas in I group had significantly greater accumulation of alleles: «А» G-А polymorphism of APO А1 gene (HR 5,99, 95% CI 2,52-14,24,P=0,001), «є4» polymorphism of APO E gene (HR 2,91, 95%, CI 1,12-7,62 P=0,044). At the same time there was no difference in the frequency of carriage «T» allele of -516C / T polymorphism of APO B gene. In patients with carriage of «damaging» alleles it was observed high frequency surgical revascularisations (HR 3,43, 95 %, CI 1,26-9,31, P=0,02) within one year. Conclusion. Presence of CHD in family history among patients of Uzbek nationality with UA is associated with the accumulation of «damaging» alleles: «А» (M1-) G-A polymorphism of APO A1, «є4» of APO E gene, and «D» I/D polymorphism of ACE gene. In patients with carriage of «damaging» alleles it was observed high frequency surgical revascularisations within one year