Female Earnings and the Level and Distribution of Household Income in Developed Countries

Analyzes wives' labor force participation, wives' earnings, and the distribution of household income in eleven LIS countries and, for four countries, across time. The authors use the squared coefficient of variation to measure the mitigating effect of wives' earnings on inequality

Systemic mastocytosis and essential thrombocythemia: Case report and literature overview

Case report of a patient with essential thrombocythemia and mastocytosis and overview of the literatur

Correlations of visual scores and ultrasound carcass traits with economically relevant traits in Nellore cattle.

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Human dimensions of climate change: the vulnerability of small farmers in the Amazon

This paper argues for a twofold perspective on human adaptation to climate change in the Amazon. First, we need to understand the processes that mediate perceptions of environmental change and the behavioural responses at the levels of the individual and the local population. Second, we should take into account the process of production and dissemination of global and national climate information and models to regional and local populations, especially small farmers. We discuss the sociocultural and environmental diversity of small farmers in the Amazon and their susceptibility to climate change associated with drought, flooding and accidental fire. Using survey, ethnographic and archival data from study areas in the state of Pará, we discuss farmers' sources of knowledge and long-term memory of climatic events, drought and accidental fire; their sources of climate information; their responses to drought and fire events and the impact of changing rainfall patterns on land use. We highlight the challenges of adaptation to climate change created by the influence of migration and family turnover on collective action and memory, the mismatch of scales used to monitor and disseminate climate data and the lack of extension services to translate large-scale forecasts to local needs. We found that for most farmers, memories of extended drought tend to decrease significantly after 3 years. Over 50% of the farmers interviewed in 2002 did not remember as significant the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drought of 1997/1998. This helps explain why approximately 40% of the farmers have not changed their land-use behaviours in the face of the strongest ENSO event of the twentieth century

Using post-release monitoring data to optimize avian reintroduction programs: a 2-year case study from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

Abstract Post-release monitoring data of reintroduced captive-bred birds can be utilized to help optimize future avian reintroduction programs. We present a case study of broad interest to reintroduction and conservation biologists interested in investigating movements and habitat use by reintroduced captive-bred birds. We used radio telemetry to monitor reintroduced captive-bred red-billed curassow Crax blumenbachii at a private reserve, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. During August 2006 and October 2008, 25 radio-tagged individuals (15 females and 10 males, all o30 months old) were monitored over a 25-month period. Evaluation of home-range size and habitat use revealed that captive-bred curassows should be released only into forest areas with adequate riverine habitat that are larger than the minimum home-range movements of the proposed population. Curassows also utilized pastureland, cultivated areas and secondary forests, suggesting that the proximity of release sites to such habitats may not be entirely detrimental for future reintroductions. Site fidelity for reintroduced birds was low, and there was a tendency for resident curassows to move away when new cohorts were released into the area. Determining how habitat characteristics, displacement by newly released cohorts, adjustments to their new surroundings or cohort social interactions influence post-release movements of resident birds at release sites over prolonged time frames would improve our knowledge on the impacts of releasing further captive-bred individuals into habitats with extant populations. Critically, the movement patterns of reintroduced curassows identified in this study demonstrate that avian post-release monitoring must be considered over an appropriate time frame and we highlight how different conclusions may be generated depending on the duration of post-release monitoring. It may take more than 2 years for reintroduced captive-bred sub-adults to become established following release and that post-release monitoring of similar duration may not be adequate for large avian species such as Cracids

The impact of puberty on the onset, frequency, location, and severity of attacks in hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency: A survey from the Italian Network for Hereditary and Acquired Angioedema (ITACA)

Introduction. Hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency is influenced by hormonal factors, with a more severe course of disease in women. Our study aims to deepen the impact of puberty on onset, frequency, location and severity of attacks.MethodsRetrospective data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and shared by 10 Italian reference centers of the Italian Network for Hereditary and Acquired Angioedema (ITACA).ResultsThe proportion of symptomatic patients increased significantly after puberty (98.2% vs 83.9%, p=0.002 in males; 96.3% vs 68,4%, p<0.001 in females); the monthly mean of acute attacks was significantly higher after puberty, and this occurred both in females (median (IQR) = 0.41(2) in the three years before puberty vs 2(2.17) in the three years after, p<0.001) and in males (1(1.92) vs 1.25(1.56) respectively, p<0.001). The increase was greater in females. No significant differences were detected in attack location before and after puberty.DiscussionOverall, our study confirms previous reports on a more severe phenotype in the female gender. Puberty predisposes to increased numbers of angioedema attacks, in particular in female patients

O discurso dos #ProtestosBR: análise de conteúdo do Twitter

This paper focus on an analysis of the discourse of Twitter messages during the protests in Brazil during June 2013. Our objective is to discuss how the concepts relate to each other and form networks of meanings around the tweets about the protests. Our search for common characteristics and elements reveals how Twitter was used to describe the protests and to mobilize people rather than to discuss what was actually taking place. We describe the key actors, contexts and demands, as well as the focus on live narratives, #pamphleteer hashtags, and the specific location of tweets

Linking plant phenology to conservation biology

Phenology has achieved a prominent position in current scenarios of global change research given its role inmonitoring and predicting the timing of recurrent life cycle events. However, the implications of phenology to environmental conservation and management remain poorly explored. Here,we present the first explicit appraisal of howphenology-amultidisciplinary science encompassing biometeorology, ecology, and evolutionary biology- can make a key contribution to contemporary conservation biology. We focus on shifts in plant phenology induced by global change, their impacts on species diversity and plant-animal interactions in the tropics, and how conservation efforts could be enhanced in relation to plant resource organization. We identify the effects of phenological changes and mismatches in the maintenance and conservation of mutualistic interactions, and examine how phenological research can contribute to evaluate, manage and mitigate the consequences of land-use change and other natural and anthropogenic disturbances, such as fire, exotic and invasive species. Wealso identify cutting-edge tools that can improve the spatial and temporal coverage of phenological monitoring, from satellites to drones and digital cameras. We highlight the role of historical information in recovering long-term phenological time series, and track climate-related shifts in tropical systems. Finally, we propose a set of measures to boost the contribution of phenology to conservation science.Weadvocate the inclusion of phenology into predictive models integrating evolutionary history to identify species groups that are either resilient or sensitive to future climate-change scenarios, and understand how phenological m ismatches can affect community dynamics, ecosystem services, and conservation over time