Proportionate Risk-Based Approach to Groundwater Quality Sustainability in the Nigerian Niger Delta

The vulnerability of groundwater was assessed with the aim of evaluating how susceptible groundwater resources were to pollution from various unsafe acts in the study area. Therefore, fourteen (14) VES were taken using Schlumberger electrodes configuration and the field data was modelled using Res2DINV to obtain the final geolayer parameters. This was used to compute the longitudinal conductance (S) for the overburdens in the studied area; the values for the longitudinal conductance obtained were less than one (1) for the entire subsurface investigated. This suggested that groundwater resources in the studied area are vulnerable to pollution hazards. Because of   the large area of the groundwater resources exposed to pollution hazards from unsafe conditions, the study area was designated safeguards zone. The risk based approach towards protecting the designated area is the enforcement of good land use practices, controlling of high risk activities as well as drilling of monitoring wells especially within VES 10 - VES 14. Keywords: Unsafe act, Groundwater, Safeguard zone, Vulnerability, Unsafe conditions and Risk

Unmet need in family planning at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital of Ghana

Background: Knowing the prevalence of unintended pregnancy, unmet need in family planning and the associated factors in cape coast, is important for ensuring that all women have access to the most effective methods of family planning in order to reduce the occurrence of unintended pregnancies. This study aims to determine the prevalence of unintended pregnancies, unmet need in family planning and the associated factors among women attending antenatal clinics at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Republic of Ghana.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical components was carried out from 20th April 2015 to 20th June 2015 to simultaneously measure the prevalence of unmet need for family planning and related factors.  All clients reporting for ANC at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital during the study period were recruited into the study.Results: A total of 324 clients were recruited. The mean age was 29.98±5.86 years, 85.80% were married, 46.58% had tertiary education and 79.94% had a source of income. Up to 54.94% of the clients had not planned their index pregnancy. Among subjects who had not planned their index pregnancies, 74.71% had not used a family planning method. There is a significant association between age, educational level, the presence of a source of income, marital status and the occurrence of unplanned pregnancy.Conclusions: There were high prevalence of unplanned pregnancy and unmet need for family planning. There is a significant association between age, educational level, the presence of a source of income, marital status and the occurrence of unplanned pregnancy

Social Intelligence and Effective Service Delivery in Public Secondary Schools, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

In every competitive market, effective service delivery is needed to stay afloat. In consideration of the numbers of secondary schools springing up in recent times, it was necessary to investigate effective service delivery as predicted by social intelligence of Management in using secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State. The Ex-post facto design was adopted for the study. The study population of 2,583 staff at Management cadre was used, from which a sample size of 537 was selected using multistage sampling procedure. The instruments were structured questionnaire christened management social intelligence questionnaire (MSI) and effective service delivery (ESD). The reliabilities of the instruments (MSI and ESD) were tested using the Cronbach Alpha statistical tool, which yielded correlation coefficients of 0.75 and 0.83 respectively. Data obtained from 537 Management staff of secondary schools in the study area were analysed using linear regression. Results revealed that Management social intelligence: interpersonal relationship, situational control, and self-judgement significantly predict leadership’s effective service delivery in public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State. Therefore, it was recommended that the Ministry of Education and State’s Secondary Education Board should pay close attention to Management social intelligence in public secondary schools to ensure continuous patronage of this sector. Keywords: Social Intelligence, Service Delivery, Management, Public School and DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-8-16 Publication date:March 31st 202

Mapping the social economy in the rural East Midlands.

This project mapped the types of social enterprises in rural areas, examined their development needs and assessed how these were being met by support providers. Factors contributing to the support of new social enterprises were also examined and ways in which social entrepreneurs can be encouraged and facilitated were identified

Researching social enterprise Final report

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:7766.140(004/01) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Heterogeneity in head and neck cancer incidence among black populations from Africa, the Caribbean and the USA: Analysis of cancer registry data by the AC3

International audienceBackground: Africa and the Caribbean are projected to have greater increases in Head and neck cancer (HNC) burden in comparison to North America and Europe. The knowledge needed to reinforce prevention in these populations is limited. We compared for the first time, incidence rates of HNC in black populations from African, the Caribbean and USA. Methods: Annual age-standardized incidence rates (IR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) per 100,000 were calculated for 2013-2015 using population-based cancer registry data for 14,911 HNC cases from the Caribbean (Barbados, Guadeloupe, Trinidad and Tobago, N = 443), Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, N = 772) and the United States (SEER, Florida, N = 13,696). We compared rates by sub-sites and sex among countries using data from registries with high quality and completeness. Results: In 2013-2015, compared to other countries, HNC incidence was highest among SEER states (IR: 18.2, 95%CI = 17.6-18.8) among men, and highest in Kenya (IR: 7.5, 95%CI = 6.3-8.7) among women. Nasopharyngeal cancer IR was higher in Kenya for men (IR: 3.1, 95%CI = 2.5-3.7) and women (IR: 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-1.9). Female oral cavity cancer was also notably higher in Kenya (IR = 3.9, 95%CI = 3.0-4.9). Blacks from SEER states had higher incidence of laryngeal cancer (IR: 5.5, 95%CI = 5.2-5.8) compared to other countries and even Florida blacks (IR: 4.4, 95%CI = 3.9-5.0). Conclusion: We found heterogeneity in IRs for HNC among these diverse black populations; notably, Kenya which had distinctively higher incidence of nasopharyngeal and female oral cavity cancer. Targeted etiological investigations are warranted considering the low consumption of tobacco and alcohol among Kenyan women. Overall, our findings suggest that behavioral and environmental factors are more important determinants of HNC than race