Creación de modelos tridimensionales e imágenes de TAC para el aprendizaje anatómico y diagnóstico en la materia de Odontopediatría. Sus aplicaciones en el campus virtual

El objetivo principal de este proyecto es la creación de herramientas que ayuden a la formación del alumno en su representación espacial y tridimensional de las estructuras del ser humano en crecimiento. Para ello se crea un modelo virtual de maxilar y mandíbula, partiendo de un sujeto infantil real, que sirva como herramienta educativa en el ámbito de la Anatomía y la Odontopediatría. La representación tridimensional incluirá todas las piezas dentarias erupcionadas correspondientes a la dentición temporal y los gérmenes de la dentición definitiva. De igual manera, se evalúan imágenes de TAC sobre casos clínicos reales en normalidad y con patología previa, en aras a completar la formación del alumno en éste área

Use of glucocorticoids megadoses in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a spanish registry: SEMI-COVID-19

Objective To describe the impact of different doses of corticosteroids on the evolution of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, based on the potential benefit of the non-genomic mechanism of these drugs at higher doses. Methods Observational study using data collected from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We evaluated the epidemiological, radiological and analytical scenario between patients treated with megadoses therapy of corticosteroids vs low-dose of corticosteroids and the development of complications. The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortality according to use of corticosteroids megadoses. Results Of a total of 14,921 patients, corticosteroids were used in 5,262 (35.3%). Of them, 2,216 (46%) specifically received megadoses. Age was a factor that differed between those who received megadoses therapy versus those who did not in a significant manner (69 years [IQR 59-79] vs 73 years [IQR 61-83]; p < .001). Radiological and analytical findings showed a higher use of megadoses therapy among patients with an interstitial infiltrate and elevated inflammatory markers associated with COVID-19. In the univariate study it appears that steroid use is associated with increased mortality (OR 2.07 95% CI 1.91-2.24 p < .001) and megadose use with increased survival (OR 0.84 95% CI 0.75-0.96, p 0.011), but when adjusting for possible confounding factors, it is observed that the use of megadoses is also associated with higher mortality (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32-1.80; p < .001). There is no difference between megadoses and low-dose (p.298). Although, there are differences in the use of megadoses versus low-dose in terms of complications, mainly infectious, with fewer pneumonias and sepsis in the megadoses group (OR 0.82 95% CI 0.71-0.95; p < .001 and OR 0.80 95% CI 0.65-0.97; p < .001) respectively. Conclusion There is no difference in mortality with megadoses versus low-dose, but there is a lower incidence of infectious complications with glucocorticoid megadoses

Repensar els estudis catalans des de la teoria queer

Catalan Studies are basically focused on national/linguistic identity, but recent debate on Catalan identity triggered by the current pro-independent process in Catalonia, may help reshape this academic field. A more diverse approach to Catalan culture should consider sexuality, which has traditionally been banished from literary analysis as a ‘private’ matter. Here, we discussed how queer theory can reframe Catalan Studies mainly by building a specific LGBT literary tradition, identifying queer episodes and characters in the canon, questioning received meanings, promoting interdisciplinary analysis of Catalan culture and exploring the role of queer subjectivity in history

SIMULACIÓN DE LA CAPTURA DE BIÓXIDO DE CARBONO (CO2 ) Y EVALUACION COMO AGREGADO DEL CEMENTO

Este proyecto pretende estudiar una tecnología de captura de CO2, centrándose en el estudio postcombustión basado en materiales sólidos. La capacidad de captura de CO2 para los materiales estudiados se sitúa entorno a los estudios publicados en la bibliografía. Siendo además que el comportamiento de los materiales sometidos al proceso de captura de CO2 es constante, ya que perdura a lo largo de los ciclos, y reversible debido a la práctica totalidad de absorción y desorción de masa en este proceso. El método utilizado ha consistido en la simulación comparativa de dos materiales diferentes para evaluar la captura de CO2 y demostrar la eficiencia de esta. Al mismo tiempo optimizar el proceso del cemento en la etapa de descarbonatación; introduciendo agregados del cemento; reduciendo las emisiones de CO2 convencionales durante su fabricación

Competencia lingüística y dominio preconceptual: trabajando mapas conceptuales en Educación Infantil

Presentamos un trabajo en el cual se ha estudiado si los mapas preconceptuales, utilizados como estrategia didáctica en un aula infantil, contribuyen a mejorar el discurso oral que emplea el alumnado en la interpretación o lectura de los mismos. Nos interesa indagar qué tipo de evolución se produce en tres dimensiones básicas del lenguaje: el vocabulario, la sintaxis y la amplitud del discurso. Intentamos inferir si la hipotética mejoría en el discurso oral del alumnado tiene repercusiones en la evolución de su competencia preconceptual. Enmarcamos nuestro trabajo didáctico en la teoría de la asimilación (Ausubel, Novak y Hanesian, 1983) como el marco conceptual genérico que nos ofrece un modelo de aprendizaje idóneo para realizar el seguimiento cognitivo que estábamos buscando, al afirmar que, en algún punto entre el cuarto y el quinto año de vida, el lenguaje asume un papel predominante en el funcionamiento cognoscitivo (Ausubel et al., 1983, p. 82). Intervienen en esta investigación 20 preescolares (12 niñas y 8 niños) de un aula de Educación Infantil, del nivel de 5 años, perteneciente a un colegio público situado en un contexto rural, concretamente ubicado en la provincia de Sevilla. Analizamos 93 textos, que se corresponden con las producciones orales de los participantes en la investigación, siguiendo un sistema categorial creado a partir del análisis de los datos y practicando un sistema de triangulación basado en un acuerdo de tres jueces (maestra, experto e investigadora) para garantizar la consistencia de las clasificaciones. Como conclusión, y con la prudencia necesaria debido a la escasez de participantes y al limitado número de sesiones analizadas, podemos manifestar que se aprecia una mejoría moderada en el discurso oral que el alumnado emplea para «leer» sus mapas, y, por consiguiente, podemos entenderlos como una estrategia didáctica apropiada para ser utilizada en Educación Infantil

Actividad e interacción entre iguales: explorando el mapping como instrumento de observación en aulas de Educación Infantil Activity and peer interaction: Exploring mappings as observational tool in preschool classrooms

El artículo presenta un estudio sobre el contexto interrelacional de los niños y niñas de 4 años de edad de dos aulas de Educación Infantil de la ciudad de Córdoba. Se trata de un análisis innovador basado en el uso del mapeo (mapping) para el registro y la descripción de los sistemas de actividad, comunicación y agrupamiento en preescolar. Los resultados muestran que existe una diferencia significativa en la estructura social de participación dependiendo del tipo de actividad que se esté desarrollando y que estas diferencias parecen indicar que la dinámica social promovida por los y las docentes es más rígida y simple, respondiendo a modelos de enseñanza tradicionales. A study about the inter-relational context of four year old children from two preschool education classrooms in the city of Cordoba (Spain) is presented. It is an innovative analysis based on the use of mapping for the registration and description of the systems of activity, communication and grouping in preschool. The results show that there are significant differences in the social structure of participation depending on the type of activity that is taking place and that these differences seem to indicate that the social dynamic promoted by teachers is more rigid and simple, responding to traditional teaching models

Calciphylaxis: Beyond CKD-MBD

Introduction: Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy (CUA), also called calciphylaxis, is a rare but potentially fatal vascular disorder that almost exclusively affects patients with chronic renal failure. The objective of this study was to analyse various risk factors for developing CUA and its subsequent clinical course according to the treatment received. Materials and methods: A retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with CUA from December 1999 to December 2015. Various risk factors, clinical course and treatment options were analysed. Results: A total of 28 patients (53.6% females) with a mean age of 67.2 ± 11.8 (38–88) years were included. At the time of diagnosis, 53.6% were on haemodialysis, 25% were kidney transplant patients and 21.4% had normal renal function. The use of steroids (100%, p = 0.001) was the main risk factor in renal transplant patients. Skin lesions resolved in 60.7% (especially in those receiving multitargeted therapy). Patient survival at 12 months was 29% in transplant patients, 57% in haemodialysis patients and 100% in normal renal function patients (log-rank 6.88, p = 0.032). Chronic renal failure (p = 0.03) and hypoalbuminaemia (p = 0.02) were the main risk factor for CUA mortality. Conclusions: Although the incidence of CUA remains low, CUA mortality is very high, Special attention to its occurrence in kidney transplant patients and “non-renal” CUA forms is required. Oral anticoagulants and steroids appear to be the main risk factors, CUA is a challenge; a registry of patients and determining standard therapy are required

Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Social Skills Scale for Young Immigrants

The integration of young immigrants in the societies that host them highlights the need for the intervention of social workers to facilitate their adaptation and inclusion from an individualized diagnosis of their needs. The development of social skills in the immigrants is one of the main ways to make that integration happen, and therefore its diagnosis is fundamental. However, at present, there are no valid and reliable instruments that take into account the sociocultural factors that surround young immigrants for the evaluation of their social skills. It is for this reason that the purpose of this study was to adapt and validate a current and useful instrument for the diagnosis of such social skills to young immigrants welcomed in Spain. To do this, it was started on the choice and adaptation of The Social Skills Scale (Escala de Habilidades Sociales). Subsequently, the questionnaire was submitted to concurrent, predictive, and nomological validation processes. The construct validity was carried out by factor analysis first and second order to confirm the hierarchical structure of the scale. After validation with Exploratory Factor Analysis (n = 330), the structure was checked, and the model was later adjusted with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 568) by means of structural equations. The reliability and internal consistency of the instrument was also tested with values in all dimensions above 0.8. It is concluded that this new instrument has 29 items and 6 dimensions, has acceptable validity and reliability, and can be used for the diagnosis of Social Skills in Young Immigrants.Research Project Competitive EDU2017-88641-