Editorial: Reviews in carbon capture, utilization and storage: 2022

The present Research Topic focuses on the current needs of mitigation of global CO2 emissions and includes four contributions reviewing key Research Topic in CCUS

Hematopoietic reconstitution dynamics of mobilized- and bone marrow-derived human hematopoietic stem cells after gene therapy

Mobilized peripheral blood is increasingly used instead of bone marrow as a source of autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells for ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we present an unplanned exploratory analysis evaluating the hematopoietic reconstitution kinetics, engraftment and clonality in 13 pediatric Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome patients treated with autologous lentiviral-vector transduced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from mobilized peripheral blood (n = 7), bone marrow (n = 5) or the combination of the two sources (n = 1). 8 out of 13 gene therapy patients were enrolled in an open-label, non-randomized, phase 1/2 clinical study (NCT01515462) and the remaining 5 patients were treated under expanded access programs. Although mobilized peripheral blood- and bone marrow- hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells display similar capability of being gene-corrected, maintaining the engineered grafts up to 3 years after gene therapy, mobilized peripheral blood-gene therapy group shows faster neutrophil and platelet recovery, higher number of engrafted clones and increased gene correction in the myeloid lineage which correlate with higher amount of primitive and myeloid progenitors contained in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from mobilized peripheral blood. In vitro differentiation and transplantation studies in mice confirm that primitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from both sources have comparable engraftment and multilineage differentiation potential. Altogether, our analyses reveal that the differential behavior after gene therapy of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from either bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood is mainly due to the distinct cell composition rather than functional differences of the infused cell products, providing new frames of references for clinical interpretation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell transplantation outcome.</p

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Rare Earth metal triflates M(O3SCF3)3 (M = Sc, Yb, La) as Lewis acid catalysts of depolymerization of poly-(bisphenol A carbonate) via hydrolytic cleavage of carbonate moiety: Catalytic activity of La(O3SCF3)3

Lewis acids such as M(O3SCF3)3 (M = Sc, Yb, La) triflate salts have been used for the first time as catalysts of the hydrolysis reaction of poly-(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC), which is an attractive route to the chemical recycling and valorization of waste PC. In THF, the M(O3SCF3)3 (M = Sc, Yb, La) salts effectively catalyzed the hydrolysis of PC to bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane; BPA) and CO2. La(O3SCF3)3 promoted the depolymerization of the polymer with the highest BPA yield and selectively, as, unlike the other triflates investigated, it displayed also very poor tendency to promote, under the working conditions, the decomposition of the monomer (BPA) to phenol, 4-isopropenylphenol (4-IPP) and 4-isopropylphenol (4-IPPH). The influence of temperature, reaction time, catalyst load and H2O/PC weight ratio on the catalytic activity of La(O3SCF3)3 has been investigated. The La(O3SCF3)3 catalyst can be recovered at the end of the reaction and reused. The catalytic behavior of the M(O3SCF3)3 salts has been compared with that of a strong proton donor such as CF3SO3H. The results obtained allow to exclude that protons arising from [LnM(OH2)]3+ (L = ligand (H2O, THF, etc)) aquo-complexes might play a catalytically important role in promoting the depolymerization process

Reactivity of Ammonium and Iminium Tetraphenylborates towards Pd(0)-Complexes: Selective Allyl or Proton Transfer to Pd(0). Evidence of Formation of the Species [HPd(dppe)2]BPh4

The reactivity of ammonium- and iminium-BPh4 salts, [CH2/CHCH2NH3]BPh4, [(CH2/CHCH2)HN/CMe2]BPh4 and [(PhCH2)HN/CMe2]BPh4, towards Pd(0)-complexes, [Pd(dppe)(dba)] and [Pd(dppe)2] (dppe/1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane; dba/dibenzylideneacetone), has been investigated. Allyl-ammonium and -iminium tetraphenylborates [CH2/CHCH2NH3]BPh4 and [(CH2/CHCH2)HN/CMe2]BPh4 react with [Pd(dppe)(dba)] to afford, under mild conditions (293 K), [(h3- C3H5)Pd(dppe)][BPh4], through selective oxidative transfer of allyl group from the ammonium or iminium cation to the Pd center. [(PhCH2)HN/CMe2]BPh4 reacts with [Pd(dppe)2] to afford [H/Pd(dppe)2][BPh4], that, under the reaction conditions, has poor stability as it undergoes hydride transfer to the iminium ion present in the reaction medium, affording [Pd(dppe)2][BPh4]2