Les Rencontres internationales sur la santé des femmes : continuité et expression d’identités multiples

Au fil des années, les Rencontres internationales sur la santé des femmes (International Women and Health Meetings, ou IWHM) sont devenues l’un des principaux moments de rencontre pour les défenseurs de la santé des femmes ainsi que pour les universitaires, institutions financières et autres réseaux intervenant sur la santé et les droits génésiques des femmes. Le présent article soutient que c’est le mode d’organisation qui a permis aux militantes féministes chargées d’organiser les IWHM de s’adapter aux changements politiques survenus au fil du temps, en permettant l’expression et la reconnaissance des diverses identités (nationale, régionale, sexuelle, biologique). L’article retrace la manière dont la reconnaissance de ces identités a permis aux IWHM de survivre et fructifier comme organisation, et de demeurer à la fine pointe du discours sur les droits des femmes, en particulier leurs droits sexuels et génésiques.The International Women’s Health Meeting (IWHM) has become one of the largest gatherings of women’s health advocates, academics, funding institutions and other networks involved in women’s health and reproductive rights. The first meeting was held in 1977 in Rome and the tenth in 2005 in New Delhi. This represents a 28-year process that has shaped and been shaped by the global feminist health movement. Interestingly, the IWHM is a non-institutionalized process. The central point of the article is that the organizing practices of the IWHM have allowed feminist activists engaged in it a large amount of flexibility and adaptability to political changes across time. This flexibility can be best traced to the deployment of various identities (national, regional, sexual, biological). The paper demonstrates how the deployment of these identities has allowed the IWHM to survive and flourish organizationally and remain at the cutting edge of the discourse on women’s rights, especially those of sexual and reproductive health

Dynamic parameter estimation problem for ethanol production from seaweed

Ethanol has been studied extensively as one of the current and probably future energy vectors. Fermentation of hydrolysed oligosaccharides from macroalgae biomass to ethanol has been certified, and several processing options have been proposed. In the present work, we model the production of ethanol based on Laminaria, a seaweed genus that belongs to the so-called "brown algae" group, as the carbon source. In brown algae, the most relevant sugars that can be used as substrate for fermentation are mannitol -the alcohol form of the sugar mannose- and laminaran, a linear polysaccharide of(1,3)-β-Dglucopyranose. We consider the yeast Pichia angophorae as the fermenting microorganism. The model includes dynamic mass balances for biomass, ethanol, mannitol and laminaran. Growth is controlled via limiting functions that modify the biomass equation for temperature and oxygen transfer rate (OTR). It is also modified by including a term that considers inhibition by ethanol. Based on the proposed model, a dynamic parameter estimation problem is formulated, the objective function being weighted least-squares fit to data, subject to the mass balance equations. The data set for parameter estimation was obtained in batch liquid cultures, with experiments performed over 40 hours. Numerical results provide useful insights on ethanol production using macroalgae biomass as carbon sourceFil: Delpino, Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: de Genaro, Pablo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Di Maggio, Jimena Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Estrada, Vanina Gisela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, María Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentin

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Losses by Mixed Convection and Surface Thermal Radiation in an Open Cavity Receiver for a Solar Tower System

AbstractThe thermo solar central tower power plants are complex systems that consist of a heliostats field which provide a high solar concentrated flux to a thermal receiver located in the top of a tower. With this type of technology, a fluid moving in the thermal receiver can be heated up to 800 to 1200K, so a conventional thermodynamic cycle can be operated to generate electricity. In the city of Hermosillo, in the northern state of Sonora, Mexico, the National Autonomous University of Mexico in agreement with the University of Sonora is developing this type of technology for a plant of 2 MWt with an array of 80 heliostats (36 m2 each one) and a tower of 32 m height. Therefore, an appropriated thermal receiver has to be designed. Considering above, in this work the numerical results of heat transfer losses by mixed convection and surface thermal radiation in an open cavity receiver considering variable fluid properties are presented. Numerical calculations were performed in a cavity of 1 m width, 2 m height and 2 m depth, considering (a) only natural convection and (b) mixed convection, both with surface thermal radiation. The temperature difference between the hot wall and the bulk fluid (ΔT) was 600K. The kt-ɛt standard turbulence model was solved for the turbulent convection and for the surface thermal radiation the discrete ordinate method was applied. The simulations were conducted in steady state and the fluid properties were considered as a function of temperature. The software of computational fluid dynamics FLUENT 6.3 was used. The velocity, temperature fields and heat transfer coefficients were obtained. The total heat transfer losses increases 37.5% when the mixed convection is considered

Effect of dietary thymol supplementation on lipid oxidation of chicken legs as related to storage conditions

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of dietary thymol supplementation on lipid oxidation of chicken leg meat during refrigerated shelf-life. Chickens belonging to Ross 308 hybrid were raised under experimental conditions up to 3 kg of live weight, using three dietary treatments: control (without supplementation, C), treatment 1 (C+0.1% w/w thymol supplementation, T1) and treatment 2 (C+0.2% w/w thymol supplementation, T2). After slaughtering, the chicken legs with skin were stored under conventional (CON) and modified atmosphere (MAP) at temperature of 2-4°C for 14 days. Lipid oxidation was monitored by the determination of primary (peroxide value, PV) and secondary (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARs) products at 3, 7, 10 and 14 days of storage under both CON and MAP conditions and compared with values found on fresh meat. The three different dietary treatments did not significantly affect the lipid oxidation parameters. PV ranged between 0.5-13.0, 0.7-13.0 and 1.0-11.0 meq O2/kg of lipid in poultry meat obtained with C, T1 and T2 diets, respectively. TBARs varied between 0.1-0.7, 0.1- 0.6 and 0.2-0.5 mg MDA/kg of meat in poultry meat obtained with C, T1 and T2 diets, respectively. On the other hand, interaction effect of diets and storage conditions were significant (P≤0.05) in PV formation, as it was delayed under MAP (maximum PV level after 2 and 5 days of storage in C and thymol-containing diets, respectively) with respect to conventional storage (PV apex after 2 days of storage). However, not significant differences (P≥0.05) were found on TBARs level as related to storage conditions. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that dietary thymol supplementation coupled to MAP storage conditions delay lipid oxidation of chicken legs with skin, thus improving their shelf-life

Dish/Stirling systems: Overview of an emerging commercial solar thermal electric technology

Dish/Stirling is a solar thermal electric technology which couples parabolic, point-focusing solar collectors and heat engines which employ the Stirling thermodynamic cycle. Since the late 1970s, the development of Dish/Stirling systems intended for commercial use has been in progress in Germany, Japan, and the US. In the next several years it is expected that one or more commercial systems will enter the market place. This paper provides a general overview of this emerging technology, including: a description of the fundamental principles of operation of Dish/Stirling systems; a presentation of the major components of the systems (concentrator, receiver, engine/alternator, and controls); an overview of the actual systems under development around the world, with a discussion of some of the technical issues and challenges facing the Dish/Stirling developers. A brief discussion is also presented of potential applications for small Dish/Stirling systems in northern Mexico

Molecular cross talk between misfolded proteins in animal models of Alzheimer\u27s and prion diseases.

The central event in protein misfolding disorders (PMDs) is the accumulation of a misfolded form of a naturally expressed protein. Despite the diversity of clinical symptoms associated with different PMDs, many similarities in their mechanism suggest that distinct pathologies may cross talk at the molecular level. The main goal of this study was to analyze the interaction of the protein misfolding processes implicated in Alzheimer\u27s and prion diseases. For this purpose, we inoculated prions in an Alzheimer\u27s transgenic mouse model that develop typical amyloid plaques and followed the progression of pathological changes over time. Our findings show a dramatic acceleration and exacerbation of both pathologies. The onset of prion disease symptoms in transgenic mice appeared significantly faster with a concomitant increase on the level of misfolded prion protein in the brain. A striking increase in amyloid plaque deposition was observed in prion-infected mice compared with their noninoculated counterparts. Histological and biochemical studies showed the association of the two misfolded proteins in the brain and in vitro experiments showed that protein misfolding can be enhanced by a cross-seeding mechanism. These results suggest a profound interaction between Alzheimer\u27s and prion pathologies, indicating that one protein misfolding process may be an important risk factor for the development of a second one. Our findings may have important implications to understand the origin and progression of PMDs

Medición de temperatura de no contacto de superficies sólidas irradiadas por energía solar concentrada mediante obturación con películas PDLC: una nueva metodología

CIES2020 - XVII Congresso Ibérico e XIII Congresso Ibero-americano de Energia SolarRESUMEN: En este trabajo se presenta una nueva metodología para la medición de la temperatura de superficies sólidas expuestas a radiación solar concentrada, mediante la técnica de obturación utilizando una película PDLC. Esta nueva metodología permitirá separar el espectro de radiación emitido por la muestra del espectro de radiación reflejado, y permitirá medir solamente la temperatura referente a la potencia emisiva de la muestra, utilizando un pirómetro monocromático en un horno solar. Se describe el arreglo experimental que se propone para implementar esta metodología. El arreglo consistente de un horno solar (MHS IER-UNAM), de una ventana de película PDLC y de una cámara de medición de temperatura. Se muestran las transmitancias de la película PDLC destacando la pertinencia de su uso para esta aplicación solar. La calibración del pirómetro monocromático arrojó un aff-set del -4% del valor nominal. La respuesta térmica de la muestra de grafito que se usará como referencia arrojó valores entre 502.6 y 1747.8 segundos dependiendo del proceso de calentamiento o enfriamiento.ABSTRACT: In this work, a new methodology for measuring the temperature of solid surfaces exposed to concentrated solar radiation, using the shutter technique and a PDLC film is presented. This new methodology will allow the separation of the radiation spectrum emitted by the sample from the reflected radiation spectrum, and it will allow only the temperature referring to the emissive power of the sample to be measured, using a monochromatic pyrometer in a solar furnace. The experimental arrangement that is proposed to implement this methodology is described. The arrangement consisting of a solar furnace (MHS IER-UNAM), a PDLC film window and a temperature measurement chamber. The transmittances of the PDLC film are shown, highlighting the relevance of its use for this solar application. The monochrome pyrometer calibration yielded an aff-set of -4% of the nominal value. The thermal response of the graphite sample to be used as a reference yielded values between 502.6 and 1747.8 seconds depending on the heating or cooling process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Patrón de reflectancia en trigo y avena por efecto del ataque de Sitobion avenae

58 p.En la agricultura existen muchos cultivos importantes como los cereales, los cuales son de gran relevancia tanto para la alimentación como para la economía. Estos se ven afectados por distintas plagas y enfermedades, generando daños irreparables. Dentro de las plagas, existen los áfidos o comúnmente conocidos como “pulgones”, los que pueden afectar directa o indirectamente a plantas hospederas. Debido a lo anterior, es que se evaluó un método de detección temprana de ataques de Sitobion avenae, a través de la reflectancia espectral. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en analizar los cambios en curvas de reflectancia bajo el efecto de diferentes densidades de Sitobion avenae (0, 35, 50 y 75) en dos especies vegetales, trigo y avena. Los resultados y conclusiones de esta investigación tiene como hito principal, el uso de métodos de determinación temprana no destructivos, como la teledetección y espectrometría, que permitan la obtención de información anticipada, frente a efectos de plagas como los áfidos. ABSTRACT: In agriculture there are many important crops such as cereals, which are of great importance for food and the economy. These are affected by different pests and diseases, causing serious damage. Within the plagues, there are aphids or commonly known as "aphids", which can directly or indirectly affect host plants. Due to the above, it is that an early detection method of Sitobion avenae attacks was evaluated, through spectral reflectance. The objective of the research was to analyze changes in reflectance curves under the effect of different densities of Sitobion avenae (0, 35, 50 and 75) in two plant species, wheat and oats. The results and conclusions of this research has as its main milestone, the use of nondestructive early determination methods, such as remote sensing and spectrometry, that allow obtaining information in advance, against the effects of pests such as aphids