Dependència de l’alcohol i rituals de pas

Treball de camp, durant un any, en tres grups d’Alcohólicos Anónimos(AA) a la ciutat de Barcelona. La investigació es va complementar amb entrevistes a informants i persones vinculades professionalment i acadèmica al món de les drogodependències. L’objectiu va consistir a entendre la dinàmica interna d’AA que, basada en un sistema normatiu tancat, és replicada arreu del món des de la seva fundació, el 1935. Interpretar aquesta normativitat específica i els seus resultats va constituir la principal tasca de recerca en aquest aspecte particular de la tesi doctoral de l’autor. El treball de camp assenyalat es va començar a cegues, o sigui, sense un hipòtesi prèvia. Les conclusions finals d’aquest article mostren que AA és una comunitat normativa amb un cerimonial proper a un ritual de pas amb llarga liminalitat i es presenten com una interpretació teòrica de la realitat observada a AA a partir de les dades empíriques de l’observació participant i de les esmentades entrevistes

La dependencia del alcohol: una comparación crítica sobre los tratamientos de dicha dependencia desde modelos biomédicos y espiritualistas

A través de un trabajo de campo realizado básicamente en la ciudad de Barcelona (2009-2011), mediante observación participante en tres Grupos de Alcohólicos Anónimos y en dos Centros biomédicos de recuperación de la dependencia del alcohol, se refieren de forma autoetnográfica los procesos terapéuticos y las narrativas de los participantes en ambas instituciones, analizando las semejanzas y las singularidades observadas. La estratificación social de dichos centros permite plantear una valoración socio-cultural de las dinámicas grupales observadas, la etiología de determinados casos de adicción y los resultados terapéuticos. Se confirma la hipótesis principal consistente en la validación de los grupos terapéuticos como el método más efectivo del tratamiento de deshabituación alcohólica, aún cuando se matizan los diferentes enfoques de dicha terapia así como el back-ground ideológico que se observa en ciertas orientaciones institucionales. Las dos hipótesis secundarias se ven reforzadas de forma diversa: se confirman las estrategias de autodisculpa, que suelen formar parte de las narrativas y actitudes de la mayor parte de usuarios estudiados, en especial al comienzo del tratamiento, si bien no se puede validar la memoria adictiva, con anclaje en los inicios del consumo, como un elemento de importancia durante la terapia.A fieldwork project has been conducted, by and large in Barcelona city (between 2009 and 2011), involving participatory observation of three Alcoholics Anonymous groups and two biomedical alcohol abuse rehab centres. The aim is to provide a self-ethnographic overview of the therapy processes and the accounts of the participants in both types of settings, analysing the similarities and unique aspects observed. Social stratification of those centres makes it possible to undertake a sociocultural assessment of the group dynamics observed, the aetiology of certain addiction cases and the outcomes of the therapy administered. The main hypothesis, entailing the corroboration of therapy groups as the most efficient means of treating alcohol abuse, is supported. This is the case even when the various approaches to said therapy and the ideological background observed in certain institutional orientations are examined in greater depth. The two secondary hypotheses are strengthened in varying manners: self-forgiveness strategies, which are often part of accounts and attitudes among most users studied, are confirmed, especially at the start of treatment; however, addictive memory, embedded in the outset of consumption, cannot be validated as an element of significance during therapy

Design of the laboratory script by the students in chemistry practicals: Analysis of water

Comunicació presentada a INTED2018, 12th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. (March 5-7, 2018, Valencia, Spain).The laboratory practices during the Degree in Chemistry are currently designed so that the student must learn and execute a fully developed experimental protocol, previously written up by the professor, which contains all the information and requirements for the correct development of each laboratory session. Under these conditions, students do not need to take any initiative and, consequently, they do not put enough effort in reaching practical abilities with a well-based scientific criterion and do not try to think over the purpose of each lab operation, as well as the reason to use each material and/or each reagent. Thus, with the aim to promote a more active role of the students in their learning process and to improve their autonomy, a new laboratory practices design has been developed in this work, which follows methodologies on project-based cooperative learning: the students have been requested to elaborate themselves the laboratory script by pairs. With this innovative design, we pursue to involve the students in both elaboration and execution steps of the laboratory practicals, and then to increase their attention on them. Besides, the required bibliographic research would improve their knowledge about the studied topic and all aspects about the work at the laboratory. The practicals to-be-developed were related to the study of the physico-chemical quality of natural water, which has a high social relevance

Management of diversity in master classroom: an increasing challenge for science education in valencian universities

Comunicació presentada a INTED2018, 12th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. (March 5-7, 2018, Valencia, Spain).Currently, many foreign students study a Master degree at the Valencian Universities. We can find students, which have immigrated to Spain in the recent years, and then have partially or fully follow the Spanish curricula (High School and/or Grade), and others which have come specifically to study the Master, attracted by the reputation of the Universities and the job and way-of-life offered by the country, and then have achieved their Grade in their countries. This has increased the diversity of the students in the classrooms, related to the ethnic origin, mother language, study practices, background and integration in the society. The present work gives an overview on how students and teacher manage the heterogeneity and diversity in a Master classroom related to chemistry. The term “diversity” is first detailed prior to discussing explicit studies. Different aspects of diversity are stated. The personal experience of the foreign students to adapt to the Spanish courses and environment was investigated. The actions taken by the lecturer to take advantage of diversity and minimize its negative effects were examined. A comparison between the academic results obtained by international and national students is given. Finally, the attention will be focused on language, study practices and background, since these dimensions are frequently discussed in the Valencian context. The implications and opportunities that offer diversity for national but also for international science research are presented

An Innovative Project to Strengthen and Improve the Knowledge Acquisition in the Degree in Chemistry Using e-Learning Tools

Comunicació presentada a EDULEARN2018, 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (July 2-4, 2018, Palma, Mallorca, Spain).The subject "Chemistry II (QU910)" is taught at first academic year (second semester) of the Degree in Chemistry at the University Jaume I. Some of its specific and general competencies are selflearning and writing and oral communication, regarding the main chemical concepts: chemical reactions, elements of the periodic table and calculations of the concentrations of the formed products and the remaining reagents in acid/base, complex, precipitation and redox reactions. We have noticed that 65% of the students have not studied any chemistry subjects (or only one) in High School or Professional Training before undertaking the Degree in Chemistry. The present project aims firstly to help these students to overcome their lack of background, secondly to compare the academic results of the students with and without previous contact with chemistry and finally, to establish actions to solve this prejudicial situation. This objective was reached by the implementation of a zero course, a course including the basic content of chemistry taught in the last years of High School, the month before the beginning of the first academic year. After the first year, students having attended chemistry before university obtained only 0.75/10 points more than the others. The Virtual Classroom, the emails and tutorial played an important role in the achievement of this zero-course

Desafíos en el diseño de una metodología para el estudio de la Historia de la Producción de Videojuegos en España

El estudio de la historia del videojuego en España cuenta con diversos problemas a la hora de enfrentarnos a él. La ausencia de datos tanto de empresas productoras ya desaparecidas como en activo, así como la falta de registros centralizados a través de los organismos que representan y aglutinan al sector (AEVI y DEV) obligan a que este estudio deba apoyarse a menudo en fuentes de transmisión oral, con lo que ello implica en cuanto a inexactitudes y carencia de información veraz y contrastada. Tras más de una década de trabajo sobre esta materia realizando entrevistas y recopilando datos, consideramos haber identificado los retos principales a los que se enfrenta el sector y ser capaces de proponer una serie de medidas que sería pertinente poner en marcha para allanar el camino a la realización de estudios e investigaciones más rigurosas y de mayor calado sobre la historia del entretenimiento interactivo

Algunos Entoloma interesantes o poco conocidos de los Pirineos de Catalunya

Some Entoloma interesting or incompletely known from the Pyrenees of Catalonia. A description and discussion is given of five taxa of genus Entoloma collected in Catalonia (NE Spain), seemingly, in author's opinion, very rare or previously unrecorded from the lberian Peninsule, namely: Entoloma conferendum (Britzelm.) Noordel., var. pusillum (Velen.) Noordel, E. Inusitatum Noordel., Enderle et Lammers, E. Politum (Pers.: Fr.) Donk, E. Sericatum (Britzelm.) Sacc. and E. Turbidum (Fr.: Fr.) Quél.Se describen y comentan cinco taxones del género Entoloma recolectados en Cataluña, que consideramos muy raros o desconocidos hasta ahora en la Península Ibérica. Son: Entoloma conferendum (Britzelm.) Noordel. var. pusillum (Velen.) Noordel, E. Inusitatum Noordel., Enderle et Lammers, E. Politum (Pers.: Fr.) Donk, E. Sericatum (Britzelm.) Sacc. and E. Turbidum (Fr.: Fr.) Quél

Algunos hongos interesantes del piso subalpino de los Pirineos de Cataluña

Alguns fongs interessants de l'estatge subalpí dels Pirineus de Catalunya. Es comenten o descriuen 19 fongs (1 ascomicet i 18 basidiomicets) recolectats a l'estatge subalpí de Catalunya, especialment en boscos d'Abies alba o de Pinus uncinata. Entre les espècies publicades, volem destacar: Cortinarius alnetorum (Velen.) M.M. Moser, C. crassus Fr. ss. Henry 1958 i Moser 1960, C. cyanites Fr., C. hysginicolor Bidaud, Echinoderma echinaceum (J.E. Lange) Bon, Omphalina epichysium (Pers.: Fr.) Quél. i Russula alnetorum Romagn.Some interesting fungi from the subalpine belt in the Pyrenees of Catalonia. A total of 19 fungi (1 Ascomycete and 18 basidiomycetes) are commented or described, collected in the subalpine belt of the Catalonian Pyrenees, especially from Abies alba or Pinus uncinata forests. Among the species presented, we emphasize: Cortinarius alnetorum (Velen.) M.M. Moser, C. crassus Fr. ss. Henry 1958 and Moser 1960, C. cyanites Fr., C. hysginicolor Bidaud, Echinoderma echinaceum (1.E. Lange) Bon, Omphalina epichysium (Pers.: Fr.) Quél. and Russula alnetorum Romagn.Algunos hongos interesantes del piso subalpino de los Pirineos de Cataluña. Se comentan o describen 19 hongos (1 ascomicete y 18 basidiomicetes) recolectados en la zona subalpina de Cataluña, sobre todo en bosques de Abies alba o de Pinus uncinata. Entre las especies publicadas, queremos destacar: Cortinarius alnetorum (Velen.) M.M. Moser, C. crassus Fr. ss. Henry 1958 y Moser 1960, C. cyanites Fr., C. hysginicolor Bidaud, Echinoderma echinaceum (J. Lange) Bon, Omphalina Epichysium (Pers.: Fr.) Quél. y Russula alnetorum Romagn

Non-linear nanoscale piezoresponse of single ZnO nanowires affected by piezotronic effect

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) as semiconductor piezoelectric nanostructures have emerged as material of interest for applications in energy harvesting, photonics, sensing, biomedical science, actuators or spintronics. The expression for the piezoelectric properties in semiconductor materials is concealed by the screening effect of the available carriers and the piezotronic effect, leading to complex nanoscale piezoresponse signals. Here, we have developed a metal-semiconductor-metal model to simulate the piezoresponse of single ZnO NWs, demonstrating that the apparent non-linearity in the piezoelectric coefficient arises from the asymmetry created by the forward and reversed biased Schottky barriers at the semiconductor-metal junctions. By directly measuring the experimental I-V characteristics of ZnO NWs with conductive atomic force microscope together with the piezoelectric vertical coefficient by piezoresponse force microscopy, and comparing them with the numerical calculations for our model, effective piezoelectric coefficients in the range d 33eff ∼ 8.6 pm V¯¹-12.3 pm V¯¹ have been extracted for ZnO NWs. We have further demonstrated via simulations the dependence between the effective piezoelectric coefficient d 33eff and the geometry and physical dimensions of the NW (radius to length ratio), revealing that the higher d 33eff is obtained for thin and long NWs due to the tensor nature proportionality between electric fields and deformation in NW geometries. Moreover, the non-linearity of the piezoresponse also leads to multiharmonic electromechanical response observed at the second and higher harmonics that indeed is not restricted to piezoelectric semiconductor materials but can be generalized to any type of asymmetric voltage drops on a piezoelectric structure as well as leaky wide band-gap semiconductor ferroelectrics

An intermodal dispatcher for the assignment of public transport and ride pooling services

© 2022 Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This paper describes the components of an intermodal dispatcher of ride pooling requests to integrate these urban mobility systems with the public transport network in an urban area, thus making possible a new intermodal system. The intermodal dispatcher makes use of a prior dispatcher, developed exclusively for conventional ride pooling systems and a method that filters out the requests that have few possibilities of being served using the public transport system, leaving them to be served directly by ride pooling vehicles. The assignments of customers to vehicles of the ride pooling system are finally determined by an integer programming model of reduced dimensions, so that it can be solved efficiently by conventional solvers as shown in the preliminary computational results included in the paper. © 2022 The Author(s).This research was funded by PTV Group, by the TRA2016-76914-C3-1-P research project of the Spanish R+D Programs, by the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca Generalitat de Catalunya 2017-SGR-1749, and by the Industrial PhD Program 2019-DI-071 also funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version