The development of social and emotional skills in students with autism spectrum disorder : a collaborative research in pre-school and primary education

En este artículo se exponen parte de los resultados de una investigación en la que se ha utilizado un software educativo para apoyar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de competencias emocionales de alumnado con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) escolarizados en Educación Infantil y Primaria. Con ella pretendemos valorar si a través de este proceso se pueden mejorar dichas capacidades y, al mismo tiempo, constituir esta enseñanza como canal fundamental para optimizar las habilidades sociales de este alumnado. Para ello, cinco alumnos con TEA escolarizados en Educación Infantil y Primaria, de edades comprendidas entre 4 y 8 años y de ambos sexos, participaron en una investigación colaborativa entre el profesorado de dichos alumnos y especialistas universitarios a lo largo del curso académico 2010/2011. Los resultados muestran que tras el proceso de intervención educativa, los alumnos participantes en la investigación mejoraron su rendimiento en tareas que evalúan la comprensión de emociones y creencias, además de producirse cambios positivos en sus habilidades sociales; y que el desarrollo de métodos colaborativos entre Escuela-Universidad incide de forma positiva sobre dichos procesos de enseñanza.This article presents some of the results of an investigation in which an educational software has been used to support the process of teaching and learning emotional competencies of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) disorders enrolled in pre-school and primary education. With it we intend to assess whether through this process you can improve these skills and, at the same time, constitute this teaching as fundamental channel to optimize the social skills of the students. To this end, five students with ASD enrolled in pre-school and primary, aged between 4 and 8 years and education of both sexes participated in a collaborative research among teachers of these students and specialists University during the academic year 2010 / 2011. The results show that after the educational intervention process, the students participating in the research improved its performance in tasks that assess understanding of emotions and beliefs, as well as producing positive changes in social skills; and the development of collaborative methods between School-University impact positively on these processes of learning

El desarrollo de habilidades emocionales y sociales en alumnado con trastorno del espectro autista : una investigación colaborativa en Educación Infantil y Primaria

En este artículo se exponen parte de los resultados de una investigación en la que se ha utilizado un software educativo para apoyar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de competencias emocionales de alumnado con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) escolarizados en Educación Infantil y Primaria. Con ella pretendemos valorar si a través de este proceso se pueden mejorar dichas capacidades y, al mismo tiempo, constituir esta enseñanza como canal fundamental para optimizar las habilidades sociales de este alumnado. Para ello, cinco alumnos con TEA escolarizados en Educación Infantil y Primaria, de edades comprendidas entre 4 y 8 años y de ambos sexos, participaron en una investigación colaborativa entre el profesorado de dichos alumnos y especialistas universitarios a lo largo del curso académico 2010/2011. Los resultados muestran que tras el proceso de intervención educativa, los alumnos participantes en la investigación mejoraron su rendimiento en tareas que evalúan la comprensión de emociones y creencias, además de producirse cambios positivos en sus habilidades sociales; y que el desarrollo de métodos colaborativos entre Escuela-Universidad incide de forma positiva sobre dichos procesos de enseñanza.This article presents some of the results of an investigation in which an educational software has been used to support the process of teaching and learning emotional competencies of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) disorders enrolled in pre-school and primary education. With it we intend to assess whether through this process you can improve these skills and, at the same time, constitute this teaching as fundamental channel to optimize the social skills of the students. To this end, five students with ASD enrolled in pre-school and primary, aged between 4 and 8 years and education of both sexes participated in a collaborative research among teachers of these students and specialists University during the academic year 2010 / 2011. The results show that after the educational intervention process, the students participating in the research improved its performance in tasks that assess understanding of emotions and beliefs, as well as producing positive changes in social skills; and the development of collaborative methods between School-University impact positively on these processes of learning

Unintentional weight loss: Clinical characteristics and outcomes in a prospective cohort of 2677 patients.

Background Whereas there are numerous studies on unintentional weight loss (UWL), these have been limited by small sample sizes, short or variable follow‐up, and focus on older patients. Although some case series have revealed that malignancies escaping early detection and uncovered subsequently are exceptional, reported follow-ups have been too short or unspecified and necropsies seldom made. Our objective was to examine the etiologies, characteristics, and long-term outcome of UWL in a large cohort of outpatients. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients referred to an outpatient diagnosis unit for evaluation of UWL as a dominant or isolated feature of disease. Eligible patients underwent a standard baseline evaluation with laboratory tests and chest X-ray. Patients without identifiable causes 6 months after presentation underwent a systematic follow-up lasting for 60 further months. Subjects aged ≥65 years without initially recognizable causes underwent an oral cavity examination, a videofluoroscopy or swallowing study, and a depression and cognitive assessment. Results Overall, 2677 patients (mean age, 64.4 [14.7] years; 51% males) were included. Predominant etiologies were digestive organic disorders (nonmalignant in 17% and malignant in 16%). Psychosocial disorders explained 16% of cases. Oral disorders were second to nonhematologic malignancies as cause of UWL in patients aged ≥65 years. Although 375 (14%) patients were initially diagnosed with unexplained UWL, malignancies were detected in only 19 (5%) within the first 28 months after referral. Diagnosis was established at autopsy in 14 cases. Conclusion This investigation provides new information on the relevance of follow-up in the long-term clinical outcome of patients with unexplained UWL and on the role of age on this entity. Although unexplained UWL seldom constitutes a short-term medical alert, malignancies may be undetectable until death. Therefore, these patients should be followed up regularly (eg yearly visits) for longer than reported periods, and autopsies pursued when facing unsolved deaths

Descripción de índices basados en la adhesión al patrón dietético mediterráneo: una revisión

Introduction: diet quality indexes are tools are aimed at quantifying the compliance to a defined dietary pattern. These indexes are a combined measure of dietary factors (food groups, foods, nutrients and ratios) and/or lifestyles factors. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a dietary pattern characterized by their positive effects against chronic diseases. There have been many indexes proposed for the assessment of this dietary pattern. An evaluation of their composition and health benefits is therefore convenient. Objective: the objective is to evaluate indexes of adherence to the MD with regard to their definition, methodological issues and validation as reported in epidemiological studies. Methods: we searched in PubMed for studies that developed MD Indexes up to October 2014. Results: a total number of 22 indexes were identified, with differences regarding the number of components (7-28), scoring (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 or 10, in case of compliance), range (0-100) and type of components (which could be food groups/foods or their combination, with nutrients). Among the positive components, fruits and vegetables were the most common and meats, among the negative components. There were also differences with regard to their composition and evaluation (e.g. criteria of moderate alcohol consumption), as well as with the scoring system (in medians, terciles or established servings).Conclusions: this review suggests that since there is great heterogeneity in the definition of MD. It would be therefore convenient to establish more clearly the components to be included and to establish commonly defined criteria to quantify this dietary pattern.Introducción: los índices de calidad la de dieta son herramientas que sirven para cuantificar el cumplimiento de un patrón dietético definido. Estos índices son una medida combinada de factores dietéticos (grupos alimenticios, alimentos, nutrientes y ratios) y/o estilos de vida. La dieta mediterránea (DM) es un patrón dietético que se caracteriza por sus efectos positivos contra ciertas enfermedades crónicas. Existen numerosos índices propuestos para la valoración de este patrón dietético. Es por lo tanto conveniente una evaluación de su composición y sus efectos sobre la salud. Objetivo: el objetivo es evaluar los índices de adhesión al patrón dietético mediterráneo en cuanto a su definición, aspectos metodológicos y validación en estudios epidemiológicos. Métodos: se buscaron en PubMed estudios que desarrollaron índices de DM hasta octubre de 2014. Resultados: se identificaron un total de 22 índices, con diferencias en cuanto al número de componentes (7-28), puntuación (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 o 10, en el caso de cumplimiento), rango (0-100) y tipo de componentes (grupos de alimentos/alimentos o su combinación con nutrientes). Entre los componentes positivos, los más comunes fueron frutas y verduras, y carnes entre los negativos. También hubo diferencias con respecto a su composición y evaluación (p. ej. criterios de consumo moderado de alcohol), así como con el sistema de puntuación (en medianas, terciles o raciones establecidas). Conclusiones: esta revisión sugiere que existe una gran heterogeneidad en la definición de DM. Sería por tanto apropiado establecer con mayor claridad los componentes que deben incluirse, así como definir criterios comunes para cuantificar este patrón dietético.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health. Health Research Fund. PI12/00002, co-funded ERDF and It’s part of the doctoral thesis named: “Relación entre ingesta y acumulación de productos de Maillard de la dieta con el status endógeno antioxidante/oxidativo/ inflamatorio individual (“Indice de balance oxidativo”) y con la calidad de la dieta

A Review of A Priori Defined Oxidative Balance Scores Relative to Their Components and Impact on Health Outcomes

Oxidative Balance Scores (OBSs) are tools that have emerged to evaluate the global balance of individuals’ oxidation—reduction status. The aim was to compare OBSs available in the literature regarding their characteristics and associations with chronic diseases in epidemiological studies. Studies that developed OBSs were searched in PubMed until August 2018. A total of 21 OBSs were identified. These OBSs presented di erent scoring schemes and di erent types of anti- and pro-oxidant components, including dietary factors (dietary intake and/or nutrient biomarkers), lifestyle factors, and medications. Most OBSs were based on over 10 components, and some included only dietary factors. Few considered weighted components in the score. Only three OBSs were validated as potential surrogates of oxidative balance through inflammation and OS-related biomarkers. Notably, all the OBSs were associated—to a varying degree—with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, colorectal adenomas, and di erent cancer types (colorectal and breast cancer), as well as with all-cause and cancer-related mortality. For other outcomes, e.g., prostate cancer, contradictory results were reported. In summary, there is a great heterogeneity in the definition of OBSs. Most studies are concordant in supporting that excessive OS reflected by a lower OBS has deleterious e ects on health. Unified criteria for defining the proper OBSs, valuable to gauge OS-related aspects of the diet and lifestyle that may lead to adverse health outcomes, are needed.This research was co-funded by the Health Research Fund (FIS), Acción Estratégica en Salud (AES), of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, grant number PI12/00002, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

La educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento. Municipio de Carepa

Determinar la incidencia del proyecto obligatorio de ley del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa.Este trabajo de investigación, pretende determinar la incidencia de la Ley obligatoria del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa. Este trabajo es de tipo cualitativo, ya que la investigación tiene en cuenta lo subjetivo-cualitativo, se obtiene información de lo que las personas piensan y sienten, se realizará con una pequeña muestra. Además de enfoque descriptivo ya que va más allá de la exploración, describiendo cualitativamente las características fundamentales de fenómenos tal como se presentan en la realidad. Tiene como objetivo, “determinar la incidencia de la Ley obligatoria del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa como factor importante en la formación de los estudiantes para ejercer la democracia sexual enmarcada en un contexto de profundo conocimiento de los derechos sexuales y de máxima valoración del respeto a los derechos de los demás, como regla máxima de convivencia humana”. Se concluye, que la vinculación pertinente y efectiva en relación con el autoconocimiento que tienen los estudiantes sobre la educación sexual permitió que exploraran completamente su entorno desde múltiples enfoques, como la imagen que tiene de sí mismo, que incluye su cuerpo, forma de expresarse y su sentir al pertenecer a un género. Se recomienda planificar estrategias lúdicas pedagógicas para fortalecimiento de la educación Sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes

La educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento. Municipio de Carepa

Determinar la incidencia del proyecto obligatorio de ley del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa.Este trabajo de investigación, pretende determinar la incidencia de la Ley obligatoria del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa. Este trabajo es de tipo cualitativo, ya que la investigación tiene en cuenta lo subjetivo-cualitativo, se obtiene información de lo que las personas piensan y sienten, se realizará con una pequeña muestra. Además de enfoque descriptivo ya que va más allá de la exploración, describiendo cualitativamente las características fundamentales de fenómenos tal como se presentan en la realidad. Tiene como objetivo, “determinar la incidencia de la Ley obligatoria del Ministerio de Educación de Colombia sobre la educación sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento en el Municipio de Carepa como factor importante en la formación de los estudiantes para ejercer la democracia sexual enmarcada en un contexto de profundo conocimiento de los derechos sexuales y de máxima valoración del respeto a los derechos de los demás, como regla máxima de convivencia humana”. Se concluye, que la vinculación pertinente y efectiva en relación con el autoconocimiento que tienen los estudiantes sobre la educación sexual permitió que exploraran completamente su entorno desde múltiples enfoques, como la imagen que tiene de sí mismo, que incluye su cuerpo, forma de expresarse y su sentir al pertenecer a un género. Se recomienda planificar estrategias lúdicas pedagógicas para fortalecimiento de la educación Sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes

Vivências de saúde e bem-estar

Atas do V Congresso Português de Sociologia. Sociedades contemporâneas: Reflexividade e acçãoA modernidade, multiplicadora dos possíveis e exigente de opções, é acompanhada de uma regulação social que, ao nível das práticas quotidianas, se procura introduzir nas consciências. A cada pessoa compete, no discurso dominante, a responsabilidade pela escolha de um modo de vida saudável. Os estilos de vida são modelados pelo 'habitus' em consonância com a posição social. Esta comunicação apresenta resultados (intermédios) de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre as vivências da saúde e bem-estar entre a população portuguesa (norte do país). Entre a informação que se recebe e as condições em que se vive, as pessoas organizam os seus próprios modos de vida saudáveis de acordo com lógicas variáveis de posicionamento existencial.N/

Carbon nanohorns functionalized with polyamidoamine dendrimers as efficient biocarrier materials for gene therapy

[EN] Carbon nanohorns are suitable platforms for use in biological applications. Their high surface areas allow the incorporation of molecular entities, such as polyamidoamine dendrimers. In this work, we report the synthesis, structural characterization and biological data of new hybrid systems of carbon nanohorns that hold polyamidoamine dendrimers. One of these derivatives has been employed as an agent for gene delivery. The system is able to release interfering genetic material diminishing the levels of a house-keeping protein and a protein directly involved in prostate cancer development. Importantly, this hybrid material is also far less toxic than the corresponding free dendrimer. These results allow us to conclude that these nanomaterials can be exploited as useful non-viral agents for gene therapy.M.A.H., N.R., M.L. and E.V. are grateful to DGICYT of Spain for funding through the Project CTQ2007-60037/BQU and to Consejeria de Educacion y Ciencia (JCCM) for funding projects PBI-06-0020 and PCI08-0040. J.G. also acknowledges the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (Spain) (BFU2011-30161-C02-02), MICINN (Spain)-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, European Union) (Project CTQ2006-08871) and JCCM (Project PCI08-0033). This work has been supported, in part, by Grants PI081434 from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, BFU2011-30161-C02-01 from MICINN and PII1109-0163-4002 and POII10-0274-3182 from Consejeria de Educacion, JCCM to V.C. J.G., F.C.P.-M and B.C. are recipients of Torres-Quevedo research contracts funded by MICINN (Spain) and Nano-Drugs S.L. Authors are very grateful to Dr. V. Sue Myers at UT-Austin and Claudio Gamboz of Settore Microscopia Elettronica at University of Trieste for their help with the TEM measurements. We also thank Ana Belen Garcia for her expert technical assistance. Authors are also very grateful to Dr. Sonia Merino and Dr. Prado Sanchez-Verdti for fruitful discussions.Guerra, J.; Herrero, MA.; Carrión, B.; Pérez-Martínez, FC.; Lucío, MI.; Rubio, N.; Meneghetti, M.... (2012). Carbon nanohorns functionalized with polyamidoamine dendrimers as efficient biocarrier materials for gene therapy. Carbon. 50(8):2832-2844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.02.0502832284450

Microwave-assisted functionalization of carbon nanohorns with oligothiophene units with SERS activity

[EN] Carbon nanohorns have been functionalized with oligothiophene unitsviathe 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. A dramatic Raman enhancement was found for one of the synthesized derivatives. Experimental andin silicostudies helped to understand the enhancement, attributed to the modification of electromagnetic fields upon functionalization at the tip of the nanostructures.This work was supported by the Iberdrola Foundation (CONV120313), the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CTQ2017-88158-R), the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (SBPLY/17/180501/000204) and FEDER-JCCM (UNCM13-1E-1663). The work at the University of Malaga was funded by the MICINN (PID2019-110305GB-I00) and Junta de Andalucia (P09FQM-4708) projects. M. I. L. acknowledges MINECO for her Juan de la Cierva-formacion grant (FJCI-2016-29593). The authors acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise, and assistance provided by the Supercomputing and Bioinformatics centre of the University of Malaga.Iglesias, D.; Guerra, J.; Lucío, MI.; González-Cano, RC.; Lopez Navarrete, JT.; Ruiz Delgado, MC.; Vázquez, E.... (2020). Microwave-assisted functionalization of carbon nanohorns with oligothiophene units with SERS activity. Chemical Communications. 56(63):8948-8951. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC03496G89488951566