Untersuchung zur Funktion der putativen Kofaktoren des Progesteron-Rezeptors COPRA und CAP350

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden zwei zuvor identifizierte putative Kofaktoren des Progesteron-Rezeptors (COPRA und CAP350) analysiert und charakterisiert. Die transaktivierende Wirkung von COPRA (cofactor of progesterone receptor activation) konnte in einem rekonstituierten in-vitro Transkriptionssystem mit stark angereicherten COPRA-haltigen Fraktionen nachvollzogen werden. Die Analyse der Progesteron-Rezeptor Bereiche, die für die COPRA Aktivierung notwendig sind, zeigte, daß COPRA nicht, wie von anderen Kofaktoren vermutet, über die C-terminale Helix 12 des Progesteron-Rezeptors wirkt. Stabile Interaktionen zwischen COPRA und dem Progesteron-Rezeptor bzw. zwischen COPRA und CBP-Komplexen konnten nicht nachgewiesen werden. Die Analyse von COPRA in einem Chromatin Umfeld zeigte, daß COPRA wahrscheinlich nicht über die Chromatinstruktur wirkt. Von einer zuvor in einem Hefe-Interaktionsscreening gefundenen, hormonabhängig mit dem Progesteron-Rezeptor interagierenden cDNA Sequenz konnte die vollständige 11740 nt lange cDNA Sequenz identifiziert werden. Das CAP350 Gen liegt auf dem Chromosom 1 und besteht aus mindestens 31 Exons. Da das entsprechende Protein 350 kD groß ist und centrosomal lokalisiert vorliegt, wurde es CAP350 (centrosomal associated protein of 350 kD) benannt. Das CAP350 Protein besteht aus 3117 Aminosäuren und enthält sieben "Coiled-coil" Domänen, sieben Kernlokalisationssignale und eine CAP-Gly Domäne. Das endogene CAP350 Protein ist in allen untersuchten Zellen und Geweben nachweisbar. Ein Einfluß von CAP350 auf die Zellteilung konnte in überexprimierenden Zellen nicht nachgewiesen werden. RNA Analysen zeigten, daß CAP350 verstärkt nach Beginn der Pubertät im Hoden exprimiert wird. Eine Beteiligung von CAP350 an der Spermiogenese ist somit wahrscheinlich

On the coupling of axion-like particles to the top quark

In this paper we explore the coupling of a light axion-like particle (ALP) to top quarks. We use high-energy LHC probes, and examine both the direct probe to this coupling in associated production of a top-pair with an ALP, and the indirect probe through loop-induced gluon fusion to an ALP leading to top pairs. Using the latest LHC Run II data, we provide the best limit on this coupling. We also compare these limits with those obtained from loop-induced couplings in diboson final states, finding that the $t\bar t$+MET channel is the best current handle on this coupling.Comment: 36 pages, 16 figure

SMEFT goes dark: Dark Matter models for four-fermion operators

We study ultra-violet completions for d = 6 four-fermion operators in the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT), focusing on models that contain cold dark matter candidates. Via a diagrammatic method, we generate systematically lists of possible UV completions, with the aim of providing sets of models, which are complete under certain, well specified assumptions. Within these lists of models we rediscover many known DM models, as diverse as R-parity conserving supersymmetry or the scotogenic neutrino mass model. Our lists, however, also contain many new constructions, which have not been studied in the literature so far. We also briefly discuss how our DM models could be constrained by reinterpretations of LHC searches and the prospects for HL-LHC and future lepton colliders.Comment: 47 pages, 22 figures, published in JHE

Mapping the SMEFT to discoverable models

The matching of specific new physics scenarios onto the SMEFT framework is a well-understood procedure. The inverse problem, the matching of the SMEFT to UV scenarios, is more difficult and requires the development of new methods to perform a systematic exploration of models. In this paper we use a diagrammatic technique to construct in an automated way a complete set of possible UV models (given certain, well specified assumptions) that can produce specific groups of SMEFT operators, and illustrate its use by generating models with no tree-level contributions to four-fermion (4F) operators. Those scenarios, which only contribute to 4F at one-loop order, can contain relatively light particles that could be discovered at the LHC in direct searches. For this class of models, we find an interesting interplay between indirect SMEFT and direct searches. We discuss some examples on how this interplay would look like when combining low-energy observables with the SMEFT Higgs-fermion analyses and searches for resonance at the LHC.Comment: 33 pages, 11 figures. Version published in JHE

Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis which can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling, but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In the present study, we gave the same speech production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting insubstantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further find little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions

SMEFT goes dark: Dark Matter models for four-fermion operators

Abstract We study ultra-violet completions for d = 6 four-fermion operators in the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT), focusing on models that contain cold dark matter candidates. Via a diagrammatic method, we generate systematically lists of possible UV completions, with the aim of providing sets of models, which are complete under certain, well specified assumptions. Within these lists of models we rediscover many known DM models, as diverse as R-parity conserving supersymmetry or the scotogenic neutrino mass model. Our lists, however, also contain many new constructions, which have not been studied in the literature so far. We also briefly discuss how our DM models could be constrained by reinterpretations of LHC searches and the prospects for HL-LHC and future lepton colliders

On the coupling of axion-like particles to the top quark

In this paper we explore the coupling of a light axion-like particle (ALP) to top quarks. We use high-energy LHC probes, and examine both the direct probe to this coupling in associated production of a top-pair with an ALP, and the indirect probe through loop-induced gluon fusion to an ALP leading to top pairs. Using the latest LHC Run II data, we provide the best limit on this coupling. We also compare these limits with those obtained from loop-induced couplings in diboson final tates, finding that the $t\bar t$+MET channel is the best current handle on this coupling

On the coupling of axion-like particles to the top quark

Abstract In this paper we explore the coupling of a light axion-like particle (ALP) to top quarks. We use high-energy LHC probes, and examine both the direct probe to this coupling in associated production of a top-pair with an ALP, and the indirect probe through loop-induced gluon fusion to an ALP leading to top pairs. Using the latest LHC Run II data, we provide the best limit on this coupling. We also compare these limits with those obtained from loop-induced couplings in diboson final states, finding that the t t ¯ $$t\overline{t}$$ +MET channel is the best current handle on this coupling

On the coupling of axion-like particles to the top quark

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Ilaria Brivio for her help with the UFO implementation of the fermionic couplings, to Quico Botella and Miguel Nebot for their insights into FCNCs and to Jorge de Troconiz for pointing out a new CMS analysis. We would also like to acknowledge discussions with Rene Poncelet. FE is supported by the Generalitat Valenciana with the grant GRISOLIAP/2020/145. The research of VS is supported by the Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEO/2021/083 and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion PID2020-113644GB-I00. The work of M. M. and M. U is supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation Programme (grant agreement n.950246) and in part by STFC consolidated grant ST/T000694/1. The work of M. U. is also funded by the Royal Society grant DH150088. The research of M. M. is also supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under grant 396021762 — TRR 257 Particle Physics Phenomenology after the Higgs Discovery.In this paper we explore the coupling of a light axion-like particle (ALP) to top quarks. We use high-energy LHC probes, and examine both the direct probe to this coupling in associated production of a top-pair with an ALP, and the indirect probe through loop-induced gluon fusion to an ALP leading to top pairs. Using the latest LHC Run II data, we provide the best limit on this coupling. We also compare these limits with those obtained from loop-induced couplings in diboson final states, finding that the tt¯+MET channel is the best current handle on this coupling