Knowledge of contraception and barriers to contraceptive use in women undergoing repeat termination of pregnancy

Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references

Estimated impacts of a land set-aside policy on United States agriculture in 1985: a quadratic programming analysis

Agricultural policy makers in the United States have become increasingly concerned with several facets of economic and structural developments in American agriculture. Over most of the last fifty years, technological innovations and various input substitutions have combined to bring about enormous increases in food supply. At this same period, the important characteristics that influence domestic demand of farm products such as prices and income elasticities of demand and population growth have been declining or growing at very slow rates. The interaction of these have resulted in lowered food prices, depressed farm incomes, labor migration and pressures on the rural community;Public policies designed to remedy the problems have generally taken the form of voluntary land retirement to control supply and expansion of demand through domestic food aid plans as well as international export promotion. Current changes in agricultural policy emphasis underscores the need for methods of policy analysis which can be initiated before proposed policies are implemented with unknown consequences;This study is concerned with the analysis of a supply control policy using a mathematical programming approach. A quadratic programming model of United States agriculture is used to evaluate the effects of a ten percent land set-aside policy on the equilibrium farm level prices and associated quantities demanded of principal crops and livestock products for 1985. The effect of this policy on the geographical distribution of potential capacity in U.S. agriculture is also considered;In the model, the 48 contiguous states of the United States, including the District of Columbia, is divided into 10 spatially separated consuming regions that coincide with livestock producing regions. Further, these regions are divided into 103 crop producing areas and 10 irrigated crop producing areas. A transportation sector is defined to facilitate commodity movements between the consuming regions;Results of the study indicate that the equilibrium farm level prices as well as the values of production of all commodities are increased with the set-aside policy. Moreover, the price increases cause the consumption of some products, particularly livestock products, to decline. Considerable shifts in regional patterns of crop production and demand for farm land are also observed

Synthesis of a Water Soluble Resveratrol Derivative as a Potential Anti-Cancer Drug.

Research on development of water soluble anti-cancer drugs is one of the great challenges of modern medicinal chemistry. Resveratrol (Res) is one of the many phytoalexins producing stilbenoids present in several medicinal plants, grape skin, peanuts, and red wine. It has been found to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Water solubility and bioavailability are some of the setbacks of this interesting compound. In view of this, effort has been made to synthesize amino acid derivative of resveratrol to improve its bioavailability and solubility in water. Methyl 4-{-[(1E)-2-(3, 5-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethenyl] - phenoxy} butyrate (7), a novel ester intermediate, has been synthesized and could be subjected to further chemical transformations to obtain amino acid derivatives

Nkrumaism in Sculptural Archetypes of Nkrumah

This paper explores the art-historical contexts cum political ramifications of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah’s preachment on his honorific sculptural archetypes produced by both foreign and local sculptors; and draw renewed attention to the iconic freestanding imperial portraits and reliefs of Nkrumah. It also attempts to explore the use of coinage and other sculptural imageries in constructing and signaling politico-cultural nationalism and identity of Nkrumah. Keywords: Nkrumaism, sculptural imageries, coinage iconography, dress culture, identit

Homogenization of Stokes Equation by Multiple Scale Expansion Method

In this paper we prove the homogenization of the Stokes equation by the method of multiple scale expansion. In particular the cell problems are clearly defined and an algorithm for obtaining the homogenized solution is well stated in the concluding part

Assessment of institutional health and safety practices of early years schools in Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana: a mixed methods approach

Objective: Early years schools by their nature present peculiar challenges for infection control and injuries. This study aimed at assessing the health and safety practices of these institutions and find explanations to challenges faced in meeting the recommended standards.Design: Sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used in the study.Methods: The quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire. The study involved all early years schools in Cape Coast Metropolis totalling 160. Follow-up interview was conducted using eight Heads and Coordinators of these schools.Results: Early years schools met majority of the health and safety practices. Chi-square analysis revealed that, school auspices was associated with keeping records of doctor’s report [χ2 (1, N = 160) = 7.27, p = .007, ɸ = .227, odds ratio = 2.79, 95% CI (1.4, 5.7)] and having immunization records up to date [χ2 (1, N = 160) = 4.35, p = .037, ɸ = .184, odds ratio = 2.88, 95% CI (1.2, 7.7)]. Private early years’ schools were almost 3 times likely to meet recommended health and safety practices. Two themes identified as explanations to why most early years schools were not requiring copies of doctor’s reports were: “We don’t bother to ask” and “Rare cases, they do bring”.Conclusion: Though early years schools were meeting the recommended standards; they were not previewed to doctor’s report of children’s previous illnesses. This implies that these institutions may not be readily prepared to assist in meeting certain health care needs of the children in their care.Keywords: health, safety, early years schools, Cape Coast Metropolis, GhanaFunding: None declare

ARE EXTENSION EDUCATION PROGRAMS EFFECTIVE? IMPACTS OF A PROGRAM TO ASSIST LIMITED RESOURCE AND SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

The Use of Persuasive Techniques in the Contents of Ghanaian Advertisement: An Exploratory Case Study of Tasty Tom Ntoso and Alomo Bitters Twa Bi Gye Wo De3 Promo Adverts on United Television (UTV)

The study was undertaken to find out the use of persuasive techniques in the contents of Ghanaian advertisement using tasty tom ntoso and alomo bitters twa bi gye wo de3 promo adverts on United Television (UTV) as a case study. Specifically, the study sought to identify the persuasive techniques used in the content of Tasty Tom Ntoso Promo advert and Alomo Bitters twa bi na gye wo de3 promo adverts on Televisions and its related impact on buyer and to find out what makes these persuasive techniques manipulative and its impact on buyers. It was revealed from the study that ethical appeal (ethos) was the most used persuasive strategy in the advertisement. That is to say, marketers put in much efforts in appealing to the ethical principles of buyers. The study equally discovered that setting the right tone and mood for an ad campaign message is key. Lastly, the researcher found out that, advert messages are framed to suit the particular targeted audience. If the advert is trying to appeal to young adults and teens, the message will more likely be informal and highly friendly. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made; producers of alcoholic drinks should tell the health implications of excess consumption of alcohol through their advert on television and there is the need for producers of food products to tell the right amount of the food ingredients for the preparation of food. This will help to address the problem of excessive use of food ingredients in food preparation DOI: 10.7176/NMMC/98-02 Publication date:September 30th 2021