La reforma agraria en la II República: el proceso de asentamiento de comunidades de campesinos en la provincia de Salamanca

Los autores exponen los mecanismos institucionales que posibilitaron la aplicación de la reforma agraria y su incidencia en la provincia de Salamanca durante la II República

Estructura social del campo español: el censo de campesinos (1932-1936). Primeros resultados

El objetivo de este capítulo consiste en explorar los límites y posibilidadesde una fuente de alcance estatal que interesa a los estudiosos de la historia social y económica de los años30, particularmente si se dedican a la historia agraria. Al igual que ocurrió con la magna encuesta del catastro de Ensenada, el planteamiento y ejecución de la reforma agraria republicana generó una documentación de una amplitud que sobrepasó con mucho el ámbito de su aplicación. Esto ocurre no sólo con los cientos de legajos que guarda el archivo del antiguo Instituto de Reforma Agraria(IRA) y que se han explorado en una mínima parte,1 sino con el Inventario de Fincas Expropiables y con el Censo de Campesinos. Ambas fuentes se refieren a la casi totalidad de las provincias españolas, pero, así como el inventario ha sido muy utilizado para investigar la estructura de la propiedad, no ocurre lo mismo con el censo. Pocos se han acercado a la documentación primaria que guardan los archivos municipales y, por lo general, se ha seguido sin muchas comprobaciones la información queproporcionan el Boletín del Instituto de Reforma Agraria (BIRA) u otrasfuentes (el resumen utilizado por Malefakis, por ejemplo). Ésta es la primera vez, en todo caso, que se ofrecen datos con un nivel de agregación, y de detalle a la vez, que cubre buena parte de la geografía española; los datos figuran en el anexo (pp. 335-342)

Metodolog?as ?giles y su Impacto en la cultura organizacional: estudio en una empresa de Business Process Outsourcing

Entender como las metodolog?as ?giles impactan en la cultura organizacional y como ?sta a su vez impacta en la implementaci?n de dichas metodolog?as es la finalidad de este trabajo de investigaci?n. Esta tesis fue realizada de forma cualitativa utilizando la metodolog?a de estudio de caso sobre una empresa de subcontrataci?n de procesos de negocio, la cual desarrolla servicios financieros, contables y de recursos humanos. Para el an?lisis se realizaron encuestas semiestructuradas a una muestra homog?nea a quienes se les pidi? que llenaran tambi?n el instrumento "Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI)". Con ello se pudo evaluar en base a los 4 tipos de cultura propuesto en el modelo de valores en competencia de Cameron y Quinn, c?mo se percib?a la cultura antes y despu?s de la implementaci?n de las metodolog?as ?giles y as? poder entender los cambios percibidos en la cultura organizacional de la empresa

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat