The Place of Histochemical Stains for Differential Diagnosis in Duodenal Biopsies

The biopsy is the primary examination method in diagnosing duodenal pathologies and Gluten enteropathy that can cause symptoms such as gas, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis. Allows monitoring of response to therapy. Histochemical studies are inevitable in specific findings such as reactive changes, giardia, subepithelial collagen thickening, fibrosis, and gastric metaplasia. We aimed to understand the contribution of histochemical applications to differential diagnosis and to show their superiority compared to hematoxylin-eosin sections in routine use by simultaneously making histomorphological evaluations on hematoxylin and eosin sections. This research is a retrospective study conducted in 2011, using the archives of Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, between 2001-2010. Ten normal, 50 Gluten enteropathy and 50 duodenitis samples; Along with histopathological examinations, we applied Masson Trichrome, Periodic acid-Schiff, Periodic acid-Schiff with diastasis, Periodic acid Schiff-Alcian Blue, High Iron Diamine-Alcian Blue. Chi-square, likelihood ratio tests, and SPSS (ver: 13) statistical package program used. We detected microscopic findings parallel to diagnostic criteria. While the number of goblet cells and intraepithelial neutrophils did not differ in the groups (P =0.176 and P=0.096), there was a significant variation in the intraepithelial lymphocyte count (P=0.010). The frequency of flattening and blunting of the villi, crypt hyperplasia, and Brunner gland hyperplasia were significant in gluten enteropathies (P=0.000). Conclusion We could not find any difference in specific pathologies associated with histochemical studies in our group, so hematoxylin-eosin sections are more valuable in the differential diagnosis

Effects of personality traits on severity of sepsis

Introduction: The aim of this study was to reveal the effect of the individual's lifestyle and personality traits on the disease process in patients with sepsis and to have clinical predictions about these patients

Epidemiology and risk factors of 28-day mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection in Turkish intensive care units : a prospective observational cohort study

Objectives To uncover clinical epidemiology, microbiological characteristics and outcome determinants of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) in Turkish ICU patients. Methods The EUROBACT II was a prospective observational multicontinental cohort study. We performed a subanalysis of patients from 24 Turkish ICUs included in this study. Risk factors for mortality were identified using multivariable Cox frailty models. Results Of 547 patients, 58.7% were male with a median [IQR] age of 68 [55–78]. Most frequent sources of HA-BSIs were intravascular catheter [182, (33.3%)] and lower respiratory tract [175, (32.0%)]. Among isolated pathogens (n = 599), 67.1% were Gram-negative, 21.5% Gram-positive and 11.2% due to fungi. Carbapenem resistance was present in 90.4% of Acinetobacter spp., 53.1% of Klebsiella spp. and 48.8% of Pseudomonas spp. In monobacterial Gram-negative HA-BSIs (n = 329), SOFA score (aHR 1.20, 95% CI 1.14–1.27), carbapenem resistance (aHR 2.46, 95% CI 1.58–3.84), previous myocardial infarction (aHR 1.86, 95% CI 1.12–3.08), COVID-19 admission diagnosis (aHR 2.95, 95% CI 1.25–6.95) and not achieving source control (aHR 2.02, 95% CI 1.15–3.54) were associated with mortality. However, availability of clinical pharmacists (aHR 0.23, 95% CI 0.06–0.90) and source control (aHR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28–0.77) were associated with survival. In monobacterial Gram-positive HA-BSIs (n = 93), SOFA score (aHR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17–1.43) and age (aHR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.08) were associated with mortality, whereas source control (aHR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.87) was associated with survival. Conclusions Considering high antimicrobial resistance rate, importance of source control and availability of clinical pharmacists, a multifaceted management programme should be adopted in Turkish ICUs.</p