5-Hydroxymethylfurfural content in foodstuffs determined by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) has been applied for the determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in several foodstuffs. A 75 mM phosphate buffer solution at pH 8.0 containing 100 mM sodium dodecylsulfate was used as background electrolyte (BGE), and the separation was performed by applying +25 kV in a 50 µm I.D. uncoated fused-silica capillary. Good linearity over the range 2.5-250 mg kg-1 (r2 ≥ 0.999) and run-to-run and day-to-day precisions at low and medium concentration levels were obtained. Sample limit of detection (0.7 mg kg-1) and limit of quantification (2.5 mg kg-1) were established by preparing the standards in blank matrix. The procedure was validated by comparing the results with those obtained with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Levels of HMF in 45 different foodstuffs such as breakfast cereals, toasts, honey, orange juice, apple juice, jam, coffee, chocolate and biscuits were determined

Responsabilidad social en la gestión de la producción de las principales industrias panameñas

La Responsabilidad Social (RS) debe ser vista como un enfoque holístico que parte del hecho de que las industrias no están solas en los mercados, ya que también las componen los productores, trabajadores, usuarios y consumidores de sus productos y servicios, la comunidad en donde están ubicadas y las poblaciones afectadas por sus prácticas productivas y/o comerciales. Es por ello que ha surgido un sentido de RS más allá de las responsabilidades legales que tienen que cumplir las industrias, lo cual podríamos resumir en que este concepto no trata de imponer que sólo se cumplan los requisitos legales, sino más bien que, éstas voluntariamente reconozcan que tienen una responsabilidad con todos los actores que la componen, el medio ambiente y los recursos que le sirven para producir lo que venden. Sin embargo, la conciencia de que las industrias deben adoptar formalmente un programa de RS como mecanismo voluntario que brinde beneficios a la sociedad y a ellas mismas, aún no se logra, ya que muchas consideran que cumplen en la medida en que proporcionan empleo a la comunidad y cumplen con las leyes que rigen sus prácticas productivas y de negocios

The Potential of Cistus salviifolius L. to Phytostabilize Gossan Mine Wastes Amended with Ash and Organic Residues

The São Domingos mine is within the Iberian Pyrite Belt, a mining district with large concentrations of polymetallic massive sulfide deposits. Mine waste heaps are considered extreme environments, since they contain high total concentrations of potentially hazardous elements (PHE), which contribute to inhibiting the development of most plants. Autochthonous plant species, such as Cistus salviifolius L., are able to grow naturally in this degraded environment, and may contribute to minimizing the negative chemical impacts and improving the landscape quality. However, the environmental rehabilitation processes associated with the development of these plants (phytostabilization) are very slow, so the use of materials/wastes to improve some physicochemical properties of the matrix is necessary in order to speed up the process. This work studied the effectiveness of the phytostabilization with C. salviifolius of gossan mine wastes from the mine of São Domingos amended with organic and inorganic wastes in order to construct Technosols. The mine wastes have an acid pH ( 3.5), high total concentrations of PHE and low concentrations of organic C and available nutrients. The best vegetative development occurred without visible signs of toxicity in the Technosols containing a mixture of agriculture residues. These treatments allowed the improvement of the soil-plant system providing a better plant cover and improved several chemical properties of mine wastes, helping to speed up the environmental rehabilitationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Gastos de bolsillo, apoyo económico a pacientes y la adherencia al tratamiento

Letter to the editor (no summary)Carta al editor (sin resumen

Social environment mediates cancer progression in Drosophila

The influence of oncogenic phenomena on the ecology and evolution of animal species is becoming an important research topic. Similar to host–pathogen interactions, cancer negatively affects host fitness, which should lead to the selection of host control mechanisms, including behavioral traits that best minimize the proliferation of malignant cells. Social behavior is suggested to influence tumor progression. While the ecological benefits of sociality in gregarious species are widely acknowledged, only limited data are available on the role of the social environment on cancer progression. Here, we exposed adult Drosophila, with colorectal-like tumors, to different social environments. We show how subtle variations in social structure have dramatic effects on the progression of tumor growth. Finally, we reveal that flies can discriminate between individuals at different stages of tumor development and selectively choose their social environment accordingly. Our study demonstrates the reciprocal links between cancer and social interactions and how sociality may impact health and fitness in animals and its potential implications for disease ecology.This work was supported by the ANR (Blanc project EVOCAN to F.T. and project DROSONET to F.M. and C.S.), the CNRS (INEE and INSB), Fondation ARC (1555286 to J.M. and F.M.), The French league against Cancer (M27218 to J.M.), IDEEV program (to F.M.), by an International Associated Laboratory Project France/Australia, by the French-Australian Science Innovation Collaboration Program Early Career Fellowship (B.U.), by André Hoffmann (Fondation MAVA), Fyssen Foundation (to F.M. and E.H. D.) and the French Government (fellowship 2015–155 to M.D.)

Coping styles and emotional states in patients with chronic kidney insufficiency (CRI)

El afrontamiento es definido como aquellas estrategias que tiene el paciente para minimizar el impacto negativo causado por la enfermedad y a su vez las alteraciones emocionales que afectan su bienestar psicológico y su entorno familiar y social. Objetivo: Contrastar el desarrollo de estudios referentes a estilos de afrontamiento y los estados emocionales en personas con insuficiencia renal crónica. Método: Se emplearon bases de datos como REDALYC, SCIELO, SCIENCEDIREC, Repositorios Universitarios, abordando publicaciones entre los años 2011 a 2019, los criterios de búsqueda fueron “afrontamiento”, “estilos de afrontamiento”, “estados emocionales”, afrontamiento e Insuficiencia renal” “insuficiencia renal crónica”. Los instrumentos usados para la sistematización fue la Matriz Bibliográfica, mientras que, para la codificación y análisis de la información se hizo uso del Software de análisis cualitativo Atlas ti. Resultados: Los artículos analizados muestran mayor tendencia de estudio en el área clínica y de la salud. En cuanto a los referentes teóricos, Lazarus y Folkman presentan mayor tendencia frente al afrontamiento y Daniel Goleman frente a la inteligencia emocional; en relación con preferencias metodológicas, el enfoque cuantitativo sobresale de otros enfoques investigativos. De acuerdo a los instrumentos más utilizados prima la entrevista semiestructurada, inventario de estrategias de afrontamiento (CSI) y el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional (EQ-i). Conclusión: Se puede inferir que, los estilos de afrontamiento y estados emocionales en la población con IRC no han conseguido un amplio margen de estudios y representan un amplio margen de estudio para la labor del Profesional en Psicología.Introduction: Coping is defined as those strategies that the patient has to minimize the negative impact caused by the disease and in turn the emotional alterations that affect their psychological well-being and their family and social environment. Objective: To contrast the development of studies concerning coping styles and emotional states in people with CKD, Method: Databases such as REDALYC, SCIELO, SCIENCEDIREC, University Repositories were used, addressing publications between the years 2011 to 2019, the search criteria were “coping”, “coping styles”, “emotional states”, coping and “renal insufficiency” “chronic renal failure”. The instruments used for systematization were the Bibliographic Matrix, while the qualitative analysis software Atlas Ti was used for coding and analysis of the information. Results: The articles analyzed show a greater tendency to study in the clinical and health area. Regarding theoretical references, Lazarus and Folkman show a greater tendency towards coping and Daniel Goleman towards emotional intelligence; in relation to methodological preferences, the quantitative approach stands out from other research approaches. According to the most used instruments, the semi-structured interview, the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) and the Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ-i) are the most used. In conclusion, it can be inferred that coping styles and emotional states in the population with CKD have not achieved a wide margin of studies and represent a wide margin of study for the work of the Psychology Professional

Assessing the association between hypoxia during craniofacial development and oral clefts

Objectives: To evaluate the association between hypoxia during embryo development and oral clefts in an animal model, and to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in the HIF-1A gene with oral clefts in human families. Material and Methods: The study with the animal model used zebrafish embryos at 8 hours post-fertilization submitted to 30% and 50% hypoxia for 24 hours. At 5 days post-fertilization, the larvae were fixed. The cartilage structures were stained to evaluate craniofacial phenotypes. The family-based association study included 148 Brazilian nuclear families with oral clefts. The association between the genetic polymorphisms rs2301113 and rs2057482 in HIF-1A with oral clefts was tested. We used real time PCR genotyping approach. ANOVA with Tukey's post-test was used to compare means. The transmission/disequilibrium test was used to analyze the distortion of the inheritance of alleles from parents to their affected offspring. Results: For the hypoxic animal model, the anterior portion of the ethmoid plate presented a gap in the anterior edge, forming a cleft. The hypoxia level was associated with the severity of the phenotype (p<0.0001). For the families, there was no under-transmitted allele among the affected progeny (p>0.05). Conclusion: Hypoxia is involved in the oral cleft etiology, however, polymorphisms in HIF-1A are not associated with oral clefts in humans

CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum

The activity of the Sun alternates between a solar minimum and a solar maximum, the former corresponding to a period of "quieter" status of the heliosphere. During solar minimum, it is in principle more straightforward to follow eruptive events and solar wind structures from their birth at the Sun throughout their interplanetary journey. In this paper, we report analysis of the origin, evolution, and heliospheric impact of a series of solar transient events that took place during the second half of August 2018, i.e. in the midst of the late declining phase of Solar Cycle 24. In particular, we focus on two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and a following high-speed stream (HSS) on their way towards Earth and Mars. We find that the first CME impacted both planets, whilst the second caused a strong magnetic storm at Earth and went on to miss Mars, which nevertheless experienced space weather effects from the stream interacting region (SIR) preceding the HSS. Analysis of remote-sensing and in-situ data supported by heliospheric modelling suggests that CME--HSS interaction resulted in the second CME rotating and deflecting in interplanetary space, highlighting that accurately reproducing the ambient solar wind is crucial even during "simpler" solar minimum periods. Lastly, we discuss the upstream solar wind conditions and transient structures responsible for driving space weather effects at Earth and Mars.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Space Weathe

A putative relay circuit providing low-threshold mechanoreceptive input to lamina I projection neurons via vertical cells in lamina II of the rat dorsal horn

Background: Lamina I projection neurons respond to painful stimuli, and some are also activated by touch or hair movement. Neuropathic pain resulting from peripheral nerve damage is often associated with tactile allodynia (touch-evoked pain), and this may result from increased responsiveness of lamina I projection neurons to non-noxious mechanical stimuli. It is thought that polysynaptic pathways involving excitatory interneurons can transmit tactile inputs to lamina I projection neurons, but that these are normally suppressed by inhibitory interneurons. Vertical cells in lamina II provide a potential route through which tactile stimuli can activate lamina I projection neurons, since their dendrites extend into the region where tactile afferents terminate, while their axons can innervate the projection cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether vertical cell dendrites were contacted by the central terminals of low-threshold mechanoreceptive primary afferents. Results: We initially demonstrated contacts between dendritic spines of vertical cells that had been recorded in spinal cord slices and axonal boutons containing the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1), which is expressed by myelinated low-threshold mechanoreceptive afferents. To confirm that the VGLUT1 boutons included primary afferents, we then examined vertical cells recorded in rats that had received injections of cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) into the sciatic nerve. We found that over half of the VGLUT1 boutons contacting the vertical cells were CTb-immunoreactive, indicating that they were of primary afferent origin. Conclusions: These results show that vertical cell dendritic spines are frequently contacted by the central terminals of myelinated low-threshold mechanoreceptive afferents. Since dendritic spines are associated with excitatory synapses, it is likely that most of these contacts were synaptic. Vertical cells in lamina II are therefore a potential route through which tactile afferents can activate lamina I projection neurons, and this pathway could play a role in tactile allodynia