Apostle Paul and his Message through the Lense of Post-Colonial Analysis

Apostle Paul and his Message through the Lense of Post-Colonial AnalysisThis article is an attempt to present some of the theological ideas of Paul using various methods of post-colonial analysis. The writings of Paul are not an easy subject to study, and it should be insisted that the post-colonial lens offers only one way of doing it. The essence of the writings of Paul is defined by salvation by the gospel of Jesus Christ. This proclamation is based on anticipation of the king’s return that the prophetic writings of the Old Testament declare, and therefore it touches not only on the religious sphere but also on the political area of society as well. In putting Paul’s writings into the post-colonial research perspective, it is imperative not to regard them as a simplified opposition or revolution against Roman society. There is much more than a dualism in them, and it is wise to take into consideration Paul’s broad and complex discursive program

Reward prediction error and declarative memory

Learning based on reward prediction error (RPE) was originally proposed in the context of nondeclarative memory. We postulate that RPE may support declarative memory as well. Indeed, recent years have witnessed a number of independent empirical studies reporting effects of RPE on declarative memory. We provide a brief overview of these studies, identify emerging patterns, and discuss open issues such as the role of signed versus unsigned RPEs in declarative learning

The Testament of Job and Its Function from the Perspective of Early Christianity

The article examines the common motifs of the Testament of Job and New Testament literature. The research question is: what literary and theological motifs have encouraged the use of the work in a Christian context? The aim is to research the Testament of Job and its function from the perspective of early Christian eschatology, Christology, demonology and philanthropy

Ühe ülendamisaklamatsiooni vorm ja sisu apostel Pauluse koolkonna kõrgkristoloogias: perikoobi Ef 1:20–23 eksegeetiline ja religioonilooline analüüs

The Form and Content of One Elevation-Acclamation in DeuteroPauline High Christology: the Exegetical and Religio-Historical Analysis of the Pericope Eph 1:20-23.Bible passage Eph 1:20-23 consists ofvery influential Christological statement proclaimed in early Christianity. This article discusses the elevation motive of Christ, which is one of the most prominent constructions in the New Testament writings. It is part of the kerygma (proclamation) and on this notion are based all other schemes and dogmas of Christian thought. The elevation motive is actually included in the royal psalm 110:1, the most cited inauguration-oracle in the Old Testament („Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool”). The main topic of the paper focuses on four ancient Greek words that are related with principalities, powers, and the content of the above-mentioned statement. The author of the Deutero-Pauline epistle used Hellenistic epistolography with citations from Hebrew scripture and fashioned the form of the statement according to his own liturgical purposes. There is no scholarly consensus related to the meaning of the four words of principalities and powers, but quite clear allusions indicate to the visible Roman power which an average first century person had to live with

The Exaltation of Christ: the Elevation – Acclamation in Deutero-Pauline High Christology

The purpose of article is to analyse cultural meaning of keywords in the text Ephesians 1:20–23 and to find what may have been the author’s main motive for using these words in such ambitious and powerful constructions. Subsequent is form-critical and historical analysis of the keywords in the context of this Christological statement. The main topic of the paper is centred on four ancient Greek words that are related with principalities, powers, and all things in the above mentioned statement. We can conclude that the author of the Deutero-Pauline epistle used Hellenistic epistolography with citations from Hebrew scripture and fashioned the form of the statement according to his own liturgical purposes

Case Study on Design Management: Inefficiencies and Possible Remedies

Delivering better products with a reduced lead time and less resources has become the primary focus of design management. The aim of this work is to revisit typical design management inefficiencies and discuss possible remedies for these problems. To this end, a case study and interviews with seven Estonian architects were carried out. The data obtained was analyzed within the framework of the transformation-flow-value theory of production. Despite its failure to deliver customer value, a single-minded transformation view of operations has been the dominant approach taken in design management and processes, leading to inefficiencies in design practices

If CPM is so bad, why have we been using it so long?

Why has the Critical Path Method (CPM) been used so widely for so long given its inability to produce predictable outcomes? For shedding light on this paradox, the formative period of the CPM is analysed from two main angles. First, how was the CPM embedded into the construction management practice? Second, what was the methodological underpinning of the development of the CPM? These questions are researched through a literature review. In terms of embeddedness into practice, it turns out that the CPM morphed from being a way of production control, into a method for contract control. In consequence, the promotion of the CPM by owners has been crucial for pushing this method to be the mainstream approach to scheduling and production control. Regarding methodological underpinning, it turns out that the CPM was developed as a way of optimization, as part of the quantitative methods movement. This movement was largely based on the axiomatic approach to research. In good alignment with that approach, there was no attempt to empirically test quantitative models and their outcomes. In this context, the unrealistic assumptions and conceptualizations in CPM did not surface in forty years. These results are argued to be helpful in critical discussions on the role and merits of CPM and on the methodologies to be used in construction management research