Modos de producción y distribución

[Abstract] Four kinds of economic networks: households, organizations, states and luarkets, the fonuer two being sites for production and produce apropiation and the later for its circulation (alIocation or exchange), combine among themselves resultin.g in six tuodes of production: domestic, hacendary, tributary, bureaucratic, mercantile and capitalist. This modes add specific dynamics to the consistency of relations already present in networks. Their threefold dimension: production, appropriation and cir... culation, makes room for different and superposed alignements of interests, regar... ding both inside and outside, with their corresponding conflicts. This approach radically brings into question the monistic vision of social dynamics supported by its identification with one mode of production dominated by one maÍll conflict[Resumen] Cuatro tipos de redes económicas: hogares, organizaciones, estados y mercados, las dos primeras escenario de la producción y apropiación del producto y, las dos últimas, de su circulación (asignación o intercambio), se combinan para dar lugar a seis tipos de modos de producción (y distribución): doméstico, hacendario, tribu... tario, burocrático, mercantil y capitalista. Estos modos unen a la consistencia de las relaciones plasmadas ya en las redes la lógica de una dinámica interna específica. Su triple dimensión: producción, apropiación, circulación da lugar a alineamientos dis... pares y superpuestos de los intereses en su interior y frente al exterior, con los con... siguientes conflictos. Esta perspectiva cuestiona radicalmente la visión mon-ista de la dinámica social sobre la base de su identificación con un modo de producción presidido por un conflicto principal

State and private school in Spain: creeping segregation

The global distribution of students between state and private school has scarcely changed along the recent period (2(3 and 1/3 of the age group school populations, respectively), but this should not hide three deeper processes. First, access to private schools (state granted or privately funded) is growing in middle and big cities and among the higher social classes, better equipped in economic and cultural terms. Second, inside the private school sector there is also a move from state granted schools (which are free for parents) to privately funded (with parents’ fees) ones. Last bur not least, the apparent stability of stocks hides mayor changes in flows: sate schools are losing pupils among middle and higher social strata while growing among more disadvantaged ones, so being obliged to assume the bulk of the effort aimed to the integration of most needy pupils.The global distribution of students between state and private school has scarcely changed along the recent period (2(3 and 1/3 of the age group school populations, respectively), but this should not hide three deeper processes. First, access to private schools (state granted or privately funded) is growing in middle and big cities and among the higher social classes, better equipped in economic and cultural terms. Second, inside the private school sector there is also a move from state granted schools (which are free for parents) to privately funded (with parents’ fees) ones. Last bur not least, the apparent stability of stocks hides mayor changes in flows: sate schools are losing pupils among middle and higher social strata while growing among more disadvantaged ones, so being obliged to assume the bulk of the effort aimed to the integration of most needy pupils

Terra sigil·lata tardoitàlica en la façana mediterrània de la Tarraconensis

En este artículo se estudia la última de las producciones romanas de vajilla fina que, procedente de la Península Itálica a través del transporte marítimo, llegaron a las costas mediterráneas de la Tarraconensis entre el reinado de Claudia e los Palios

Land abandonment and forage yield in arid and semi-arid areas of the Ebro middle basin

La crisis social y económica de la agricultura tradicional está dando lugar al abandono de las tierras cerealistas marginales y fácilmente erosionables, con el riesgo de desertificación del suelo. Ello está propiciando un descenso de la ganadería extensiva, basada en el sistema cereal-ovino. La implantación de cubiertas vegetales, utilizando especies forrajeras, pretende proteger el suelo de la erosión, a la vez que contribuir a proporcionar un pasto barato para el ganado. En este trabajo se indican aquellas especies que mejores resultados han presentado en la cuenca media del Ebro: alfalfa, esparceta, cereales forrajeros, Lolium rigidum, medicagos anuales, vezas, guisantes y Atriplex halimus, las cuales, sembradas constituyendo alternativas de cultivos, pueden establecer una cubierta vegetal permanenteThe lost of profit of cultivated cereals in arid and semi-arid areas is increasing the abandonment of less productive arable lands at risk of soil desertification. This fact and the change to direct drilling techniques cause a decrease of the low-input livestock kept in the extensive cereal-sheep farming systems. The establishment of forage plant covers attempts to control soil erosion and improve forage biomass for livestock production. This work shows the forage species selected in trials carried out in the Ebro middle basin: Lucerne, sainfoin, forage cereals, Lolium rigidum, annual medics, vetches, peas and Atriplex halimus. Those species seeded in culture rotation could maintain a perennial plant cove