Fine-Scale Analysis of Runs of Homozygosity Islands Affecting Fertility in Mares

The loss of genetic variability in livestock populations bred under strict selection processes is a growing concern, as it may lead to increased inbreeding values and lower fertility, as a consequence of the “inbreeding depression” effect. This is particularly important in horses, where inbreeding levels tend to rise as individuals become more and more closely related. In this study, we evaluated the effect of increased inbreeding levels on mare fertility by combining an SNP-based genomic approach using runs of homozygosity and the estimation of genetic breeding values for reproductive traits in a large population of Pura Raza Española mares. Our results showed a negative correlation between whole-genome homozygosity and fertility estimated breeding values (EBVs) at the genome level (ρ = −0.144). However, the analysis at chromosome level revealed a wide variability, with some chromosomes showing higher correlations than others. Interestingly, the correlation was stronger (−0.241) when we repeated the analysis in a reduced dataset including the 10% most and least fertile individuals, where the latter showed an increase in average inbreeding values (FROH) of around 30%. We also found 41 genomic regions (ROHi, runs of homozygosity islands) where homozygosity increased 100-fold, 13 of which were significantly associated with fertility after cross-validation. These regions encompassed 17 candidate genes previously related to oocyte and embryo development in several species. Overall, we demonstrated the relationship between increased homozygosis at the genomic level and fertility in mares. Our findings may help to deal with the occurrence of inbreeding depression, as well as further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying fertility in mares.Fil: Laseca, Nora. Universidad de Córdoba; EspañaFil: Molina, Antonio. Universidad de Córdoba; EspañaFil: Ramón, Manuel. Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal Castilla La Mancha; EspañaFil: Valera, Mercedes. Universidad de Sevilla; EspañaFil: Azcona, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Encina, Ana. Universidad de Sevilla; EspañaFil: Demyda-peyrás, Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour varieties from Peru

Food insecurity, malnutrition, and environmental problems are critical challenges for which a solution has been sought for decades. However, no great progress has been made. Although organizations such as FAO, UNICEF, WHO, and WFP make efforts to eradicate hunger and malnutrition by 2030, the goal is far from being achieved, making the situation even worse with the pandemic and the Ukrainian war. One of the strategies proposed to solve this problem is the transformation of food systems, considering sustainability and protection of biodiversity, in addition to increasing access to affordable and healthy diets. In this context, researching and disseminating information about ancestral grains such as quinoa is important, considering that this crop originating from the Andes is world-renowned for its nutritional value, functional properties, and agronomic versatility. Two varieties of quinoa flour from Junín Peru, were evaluated: Rosada de Huancayo (RH) and Pasankalla (PK). RH was characterized by a good grain size and white color, while the PK showed red color, indicating potential antioxidant properties. In the proximal evaluation, the protein, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber contents showed significant differences (p<0.05). RH variety presented the highest protein content (19.41% ± 0.67, dry basis) compared to the PK (17.35% ± 0.54, DB), while for insoluble and soluble dietary fiber, this was higher in the PK variety (14.60% ± 0.46; 0.96 ± 0.13%, DB respectively). In the case of minerals, zinc, manganese, and copper contents were higher in PK, while a higher phosphorus and potassium content was found in RH. Regarding polyphenols and antioxidant capacity, the PK variety had the highest values and showed significant differences (p<0.05) with respect to RH. Both varieties of quinoa presented good nutritional and functional quality, showing values equal to or higher than those of the most consumed cereals such as wheat and corn.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Kinetics of the removal mechanisms of veterinary antibiotics in synthetic wastewater using microalgae–bacteria consortia

Producción CientíficaThe mechanisms involved in the removal of a mixture of four veterinary antibiotics (VA) – tetracycline (TTC), ciprofloxacin (CPF), sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) – in synthetic wastewater using microalgae–bacteria consortia (MBC) dominated by Scenedesmus almeriensis was studied at different initial concentrations of 1000, 500, 100 and 20 μg/L per antibiotic. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were used to determine the removal of the VA for each mechanism. For a hydraulic retention time of 4 days, the overall removal of antibiotics by the MBC was 99.9% for TTC, 78.0% for CPF, 52.6% for SDZ and 5.0% for SMX. A pseudo-first order irreversible model was applied to best fit the experimental data. The degradation constant rates were 0.136 h−1 for TTC, 0.012 h−1 for CPF, 0.010 h−1 for SDZ and 0.0007 h−1 for SMX. Under all the evaluated conditions, CPF and TTC exhibited the highest removal efficiency. Biosorption was the main mechanism for all four antibiotics, followed by biodegradation in the cases of TTC and SDZ. CPF did not show removal via biodegradation. SMX did not show removal via hydrolysis or photolysis. This study (i) integrates and evaluates individually the mechanisms involved in VA removal using an MBC; (ii) determines an overall removal rate constant for a wide array of TTC, CPF, SDZ and SMX concentrations; and (iii) demonstrates the high removal capacity and potential use of microalgae as an ecofriendly wastewater treatment process.Junta de Castilla y León (UIC 071, CLU 2017-09 y VA080G18).Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-097417-B-I00, PID2020- 113544RB-I00, PDC2021-121861-C22) and the EU-FEDER (CLU 2017-09, CL-EI-2021-07, UIC 315

Programa de inclusión educativa del Departamento de Aplicación Docente : un camino hacia la inclusión, integración e igualdad de oportunidades en nuestra escuela

Objetivo de la propuesta: Posibilitar que los alumnos/as con necesidades educativas especiales asociadas a una discapacidad puedan realizar su trayectoria escolar en las escuelas preuniversitarias de la UNCuyo, a partir de un sólido proyecto institucional que contemple equipos interdisciplinarios de profesionales, instancias de capacitación para los docentes de la comunidad educativa y cuente con los recursos pedagógicos – didácticos y materiales apropiados para acompañar eficiente y eficazmente a los mismos, durante los procesos de enseñanza –aprendizajeG Destinatarios: Los destinatarios son los alumnos/as con necesidades educativas especiales asociadas a una discapacidad, como así también los docentes de los diversos espacios curriculares que cursan estos alumnos/asFil: Encina, Natalia Florencia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Aplicación DocenteFil: Marlia, Nora. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Aplicación DocenteFil: Barrozo, María Ana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Aplicación DocenteFil: Grellet, Leticia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Aplicación Docent

Análisis del efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de la memoria en adultos mayores típicos

135 p.Introducción: Los resultados de una serie de estudios han indicado que actividades cognitivamente estimulantes pueden constituir un factor protector contra el deterioro cognitivo en la edad avanzada. Sobre la base de estas observaciones, los investigadores han tratado de mejorar o mantener el funcionamiento cognitivo por medio de intervenciones cognitivas sistemáticas, tales como programas de entrenamiento de la memoria. Objetivo: obtener evidencia empírica sobre el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de la memoria, basado en la enseñanza de estrategias verbales, en el recuerdo inmediato y diferido de información. Método: Se seleccionó por conveniencia una muestra de 26 adultos mayores típicos, divididos en dos grupos un grupo experimental (GE) y un grupo control (GC), cada uno compuesto por 13 sujetos; 12 mujeres y un hombre. A cada adulto mayor se le administraron mediciones de memoria episódica verbal a través del Test de Aprendizaje Auditivo Verbal de Rey (RAVLT) (Rey, 1964), antes y después de participar en 8 sesiones de intervención, de cuarenta y cinco minutos cada una aproximadamente, con una frecuencia de una vez por semana. Ambos grupos fueron similares en edad, sexo y nivel de educación. Resultados: el grupo beneficiario del programa de entrenamiento de la memoria obtuvo ganancias significativas en el recuerdo inmediato y diferido de información. No obstante, dichas ganancias no excedieron a las observadas en la condición de control activa. Discusión: Se discuten las implicancias en torno al efecto de programas de entrenamiento cognitivo de la memoria, corroborando que los hallazgos encontrados en la literatura fueron similares a los arrojados en el presente estudio. Palabras claves: Memoria episódica verbal, entrenamiento cognitivo, adultos mayores típicos./ABSTRACT: Introduction: The results of some studies have indicated that cognitively stimulating activities may constitute a protective factor against cognitive damage in the elderly stage. According to these observations, the researchers have tried to improve or keep cognitive performance through systematic cognitive interventions, such as memory training programs. Objective: to get empirical evidence about the effect of a training program of memory based on teaching verbal strategies, in the immediate and delayed recall of information. Method: It was selected by convenience, the sample of 26 typical seniors, divided two groups, one experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG), each group consisting of 13 people; 12 women and one man. To each senior was administered measures of verbal episodic memory through Auditory Verbal Learning Test Rey (RAVLT) (Rey, 1964), before and after participating in 8 sessions of intervention , forty five minutes each one approximately, with frequency once a week. Results: memory training program beneficiary group obtained significant goals in the immediate and delayed recall of information. However, these goals do not exceed those observed in the active control condition. Discussion: it is discuss about the implications around the specific effect of programs training the memory. Key words: verbal episodic memory, cognitive training, aging

Quinclorac-habituation of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultured cells is related to an increase in their antioxidant capacity

7 p.The habituation of bean cells to quinclorac did not rely on cell wall modifications, contrary to what it was previously observed for the well-known cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors dichlobenil or isoxaben. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether or not the bean cells habituation to quinclorac is related to an enhancement of antioxidant activities involved in the scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species. Treating non-habituated bean calluses with 10 μM quinclorac reduced the relative growth rate and induced a two-fold increase in lipid peroxidation. However, the exposition of quinclorac-habituated cells to a concentration of quinclorac up to 30 μM neither affected their growth rate nor increased their lipid peroxidation levels. Quinclorac-habituated calluses had significantly higher constitutive levels of three antioxidant activities (class-III peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase) than those observed in non-habituated calluses, and the treatment of habituated calluses with 30 μM quinclorac significantly increased the level of class III-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. The results reported here indicate that the process of habituation to quinclorac in bean callus-cultured cells is related, at least partially, to the development of a stable antioxidant capacity that enables them to cope with the oxidative stress caused by quinclorac. Class-III peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities could play a major role in the quinclorac-habituation. Changes in the antioxidant status of bean cells were stable, since the increase in the antioxidant activities were maintained in quinclorac-dehabituated cellsS

Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors: Comparative Effect on Bean Cell Cultures

The variety of bioassays developed to evaluate different inhibition responses for cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors makes it difficult to compare the results obtained. This work aims (i) to test a single inhibitory assay for comparing active concentrations of a set of putative cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors and (ii) to characterize their effect on cell wall polysaccharides biosynthesis following a short-term exposure. For the first aim, dose-response curves for inhibition of dry-weight increase following a 30 days exposure of bean callus-cultured cells to these inhibitors were obtained. The compound concentration capable of inhibiting dry weight increase by 50% compared to control (I50) ranged from subnanomolar (CGA 325′615) to nanomolar (AE F150944, flupoxam, triazofenamide and oxaziclomefone) and micromolar (dichlobenil, quinclorac and compound 1) concentrations. In order to gain a better understanding of the effect of the putative inhibitors on cell wall polysaccharides biosynthesis, the [14C]glucose incorporation into cell wall fractions was determined after a 20 h exposure of cell suspensions to each inhibitor at their I50 value. All the inhibitors tested decreased glucose incorporation into cellulose with the exception of quinclorac, which increased it. In some herbicide treatments, reduction in the incorporation into cellulose was accompanied by an increase in the incorporation into other fractions. In order to appreciate the effect of the inhibitors on cell wall partitioning, a cluster and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the relative contribution of [14C]glucose incorporation into the different cell wall fractions were performed, and three groups of compounds were identified. The first group included quinclorac, which increased glucose incorporation into cellulose; the second group consisted of compound 1, CGA 325′615, oxaziclomefone and AE F150944, which decreased the relative glucose incorporation into cellulose but increased it into tightly-bound cellulose fractions; and the third group, comprising flupoxam, triazofenamide and dichlobenil, decreased the relative glucose incorporation into cellulose and increased it into a pectin rich fraction

Draft genome sequence of the type strain of the sulfur-oxidizing acidophile, Acidithiobacillus albertensis (DSM 14366)

Abstract Acidithiobacillus albertensis is an extremely acidophilic, mesophilic, obligatory autotrophic sulfur-oxidizer, with potential importance in the bioleaching of sulfidic metal ores, first described in the 1980s. Here we present the draft genome sequence of Acidithiobacillus albertensis DSM 14366T, thereby both filling a long-standing gap in the genomics of the acidithiobacilli, and providing further insight into the understanding of the biology of the non iron-oxidizing members of the Acidithiobacillus genus. The assembled genome is 3,1 Mb, and contains 47 tRNAs, tmRNA gene and 2 rRNA operons, along with 3149 protein-coding predicted genes. The Whole Genome Shotgun project was deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession MOAD00000000

Contribuição à Delimitação das Sub-Regiões de Miranda-Abobral e Aquidauana do Pantanal

Levando-se em consideração a inconsistência trazida na literatura a respeito da delimitação das sub-regiões do Pantanal e ainda a premissa de que para conservar é preciso conhecer, o presente trabalho objetivou contribuir para a delimitação dos Pantanais de Miranda-Abobral e Aquidauana. Para isso, foram utilizados diferentes conjuntos de dados, como fotolineamentos estruturais extraídos de imagens Landsat, imagens multiespectrais (também Landsat) e a malha hidrográfica (obtida do modelo digital de elevação SRTM). Por meio da análise dos lineamentos e da hidrografia sobrepostos às imagens multiespectrais, foram traçados os limites dos Pantanais de Miranda-Abobral e Aquidauana. Ao se analisar os lineamentos e a hidrografia, pode-se afirmar que os padrões estruturais presentes nos Pantanais de MirandaAbobral e Aquidauana condicionam a hidrografia, a qual por sua vez determina a estrutura da paisagem, influenciando na distribuição da cheia na região e assim condicionando fortemente a distribuição da fauna e flora