Curriculum initiative for the development of transversal skills in Health Sciences

[ES] Actividad curricular consistente en la organización, por grupos de alumnos de 5º curso de Biología (de la asignatura Patología Molecular) trabajando en equipo, de una Jornada anual para la detección precoz de la hiperglucemia. La actividad se desarrolla en colaboración con una Asociación de Diabéticos local y precisa de la coordinación con ella y con los responsables universitarios para la disposición de todos los requerimientos técnicos, logísticos y de personal que se necesitan para el evento. Los objetivos formativos de esta iniciativa son diversos y se extienden a los variados registros de los que se compone una buena formación integral. Entre ellos puede destacarse: i) el fomento y desarrollo de capacidades específicas de la materia (referidas a la capacitación en la obtención, tratamiento y transmisión de datos concernientes a la predisposición a la enfermedad), ii) la familiarización de los estudiantes con el voluntariado social y el asociacionismo de afectados por enfermedades, y iii) el cultivo de competencias transversales referidas a la gestión de recursos, a la mejora de la disciplina, la coordinación y el trabajo en equipo, a la cultura de la calidad y a la conciencia de la necesidad de una formación continuada a lo largo del ejercicio profesional. El diseño de la actividad es abierto, de manera que primero ejercita respecto al trabajo en el seno de un laboratorio de ideas para, a continuación, canalizar el resultado de éste hasta su materialización práctica mediante un taller preprofesional.[EN] The aim of this curricular activity consists in the organization of an annual day for early detection of hyperglycemia. This is accomplished by working groups of fifth-year Biology degree students from the Molecular Pathology course. The activity is developed in collaboration with a local Diabetes Association, which will coordinate with the University and with all the technical, logistical and staff requirements needed for the event. The educational purposes of this initiative are diverse and extend to the various fields of a good integral training that renders highly skilled students. These include: i) the promotion and development of specific subject capabilities (referred to training in getting, processing and transmitting data concerning the predisposition to the disease), ii) the familiarization of students with social and voluntary associations of individuals affected by the disease, and iii) the development of transversal skills related to the management of resources, improvement of discipline, coordination and teamwork, quality awareness, as well as the need for ongoing training throughout professional life. The design of the activity is open, beginning with work within a laboratory of ideas, and finally pre-workshop practice.Gil Martín, E. (2013). Iniciativa curricular para el desarrollo de competencias transversales en Ciencias de la Salud. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 11(1):329-347. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2013.5603OJS329347111Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA). Guía de Apoyo para la Elaboración de Títulos Oficiales de Grado y Máster. ANECA, 18 de febrero de 2001.Asociación Médica Mundial (AMM). Declaración de Ginebra. Adoptada por la 2ª Asamblea General de la AMM, Ginebra, Suiza, septiembre de 1948. Disponible en la dirección web: http://www.wma.net/es/30publications/10policies/g1/index.html (consultada en noviembre de 2011).Baños, J.-E. & Pérez, J. (2005). Cómo fomentar las competencias trasnversales en los estudios de Ciencias de la Salud: una propuesta de actividades. Edución Médica 8(4), 216-225.Bennet, N., Dunne, E. & Carré, C. (2000). Skills development in higher education. The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.Bernard, R. (2000). ¿Existen las competencias transversales? Educar 26, 9-17.Boletín Oficial del Estado. (2007). Real Decreto 1393/2007, de 29 de octubre, del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. BOE nº 206, 44037-44048.Brossard, L. (1999). Construir competencias: todo un programa. Entrevista con Philippe Perrenoud. Vida pedagógica 112, 1-13.Bruffee, K. (1995). Sharing our toys: Cooperative learning versus collaborative learning. Change 27, 12.18.Cao, Y., DePinho, R.A., Ernst, M. & Vousden, K. (2011). Cancer research: past, present and future. Nature Reviews of Cancer 11(10), 749-754. doi: 10.1038/nrc3138.Cooper, J. & Robinson, P. (1998). Small-group instruction in Science, Mathematics, Engineering and Technology (SMET). Disciplines: A Status Report and an Agenda for the Future. Journal of College Science Teaching. National Science Teachers Association, Arlington.Declaración de Berlín (2003). http://www.uco.es/organizacion/eees/documentos/normas-documentos/docbasica/Comunicado%20de%20Berlin%202003.pdf (consultada en noviembre de 2012).Declaración de Bolonia. Declaración conjunta de los Ministros Europeos de Educación. Disponible en la dirección web: http://www.educacion.gob.es/boloniaensecundaria/img/Declaracion_Bolonia.pd f (consultada en noviembre de 2011).Esteve, J.M. (2003). La tercera Revolución Educativa. La Educación en la Sociedad del Conocimiento. Editorial Paidós, Barcelona.Fernández March, A. (2006). Metodologías activas para la formación de competencias. Educatio siglo XXI 24, 35-56.Gil Martín, A. & Pérez Aguado M.E. (2012). Enseñanza de las ciencias y enseñanza para la vida. Aula de Innovación Educativa (210), 18-22.Gil Martín, E. (2010). Organización de la Jornada Anual para la Detección de la Hiperglucemia. En: La docencia en el nuevo escenario del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. Ed. por Vicerreitoría de Formación e Innovación Educativa, Universidade de Vigo, 2010, pp. 473-476. ISBN: 978-84-8158-494-3.Gimeno Sacristán, J. (2009a). Diez tesis sobre la aparente utilidad de las competencias en educación. En: Gimeno Sacristán, J., Comp. Educar por competencias, ¿qué hay de nuevo? Ediciones Morata, S.L., Madrid.Gimeno Sacristán, J., Comp. (2009b). Educar por competencias, ¿qué hay de nuevo? Ediciones Morata, S.L., Madrid.González, J. & Wagenaar, R. (Coord.). Tuning Educational Structures in Europe: Informe Final Fase Uno. Bilbao. Universidad de Desuto, 2003, pp. 27-34. Disponible en la dirección (consultada en noviembre de 2011): http://www.relint.deusto.es/TUNINGProject/documentos/Tuning_phase1/Tunin g_phase1_full_document.pdfJohnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T. & Smith, K.A. (1991). Active Learning: Cooperation in the College Classroom, Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company.Lasnier, R. (2000). Réussir la formation par compétences. Ed. Guérin, Montreal. ISBN: 9782760156982.Le Boterf, G. (2001). Ingeniería de las competencias. Editorial Gedisa, Barcelona.Ley 51/2003, de 2 de diciembre, sobre la igualdad de oportunidades, la no discriminación y la igualdad universal de las personas con discapacidad. B.O.E. nº 289, pp. 43187-43195. Disponible en la dirección web (consultada en noviembre de 2011: http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2003/12/03/pdfs/A43187-43195.pdfMacGregor, J. (1990). Collaborative learning: Shared inquiry as a process of reform. En: Svinicki, M. D., Ed. The changing face of college teaching, New Directions for Teaching and Learning, nº 42. Iossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco.Michaelsen, L.K., Bauman Knight, A. & Dee Fink, L., Eds. (2002). Team-Based Learning: A Transformative Use of Small Groups in College Teaching. Praeger Publishers, Wesport, US. ISBN 0-89789-863-X.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). Programa de Estudios y Análisis de la Dirección General de Universidades del MEC. (2004). Las demandas sociales y su influencia en la planificación de las titulaciones en España en el marco del proceso de convergencia europea en educación superior. Proyecto EA2004-0009, Informe de 2004. Fundación Universidad-Empresa, Ed., pp. 103-104, Madrid. ISBN: 84-7842-194-7. Disponible en la dirección web (consultada en noviembre de 2011): http://www.fue.es/50545212/52932375669.pdfMurphy, R. (2001). A briefing on key skills in higher education. LTSN Generic Centre: Learning and Teaching Support Network. Assessment Series nº 5.Panitz, T. http://home.capecod.net/~tpanitz/tedsarticles/coopdefinition.htm (consultada en noviembre de 2012).Rockwood, H.S. III (1995). Cooperative and collaborative learning. The national teaching & learning forum 4, 8-9.Smith, B.L. & MacGregor, J.T. (1992). What is collaborative learning? En: Goodsell, A.S., Maher, M.R. & Tinto, V., Eds. Collaborative Learning: A Sourcebook for Higher Education. National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, & Assessment, Syracuse University

Dos interesante novedades corológicas y otras citas de nuevas localizaciones para la flora abulense

Two very important taxa of floristic and chorologic interest: Aster linosyris (L.) Bernh.,and Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman are quoted for the first time in Avila (C Spain). We also present new references for other interesting species like Juniperus thurifera L. and Taxus baccata L. Photos and chorologic materials, maps of both discoveries with directions about their location are provided, as well as their coordinates in grids UTM of 10×10 km

Datos sobre los robledales de Quercus robur y Q. pyrenaica mesoéutrofos del sur de Cantabria y norte de Burgos

data about the oak forests of the south of the Autonomic Community of Cantabria and the center and the north of the province of Burgos are aported, with especial attention to the meso-eutrophic forests of Quercus robur and Q. pyrenaica

Synthesis and expression of CDw75 antigen in human colorectal cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Increased ST6Gal I activity has been associated with the α(2,6)sialylation enhancement of membrane glycoconjugates observed in metastatic colorectal carcinomas (CRC). Siaα(2,6)Galβ(1,4)GlcNAc sequence, known as CDw75, is a sialylated carbohydrate determinant generated by the ST6Gal I. This epitope has been reported to be associated with the progression of gastric and colorectal tumours, hence there are only a few conclusive studies to date.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>By radioisotopic techniques we evaluated the ST6Gal I activity in healthy, transitional and tumour tissues from 43 patients with CRC. By immunohistochemistry we assessed the CDw75 expression in 25 colorectal adenomas, 43 tumours, 13 transitional and 28 healthy tissues of CRC patients.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>ST6Gal I activity was likewise found to be statistically higher in tumour tissue respect to healthy tissue from CRC patients. CDw75 expression was positive in 20% of colorectal adenomas. Furthermore, 70% of tumour specimens and 8.3% of transitional specimens were positive for CDw75 expression, whereas none of the healthy ones showed the presence of the epitope.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The major contribution of this study is the inclusion of data from transitional tissue and the analysis of CDw75 antigen expression in CRC and in colorectal adenomas, little known so far. ST6Gal I activity and CDw75 antigen expression were increased in CRC. Although their comparison did not reach the statistical significance, a great extent of patients showed both, an enhanced tumour ST6Gal I activity and an increased CDw75 expression in the tumour tissue. So, these two variables may play a role in malignant transformation. The expression of CDw75 in colorectal adenomas suggests that this antigen may be a tumour marker in CRC.</p

Experimental analysis of slabs foundation by scale models: lightweight slabs by expanded polystyrene blocks opposite solid slabs

El objetivo del presente artículo es confirmar el distinto comportamiento que presenta la solución tradicional de losa maciza frente a una aligerada, empleando bloques de poliestireno expandido (EPS) como material aligerante, uniéndose las zonas macizas bajo pilares mediante nervios. Se mantienen por tanto, dos placas, superior e inferior, alrededor de los bloques aligerantes de EPS. Para ello se ha realizado dos modelos a escala, sometiendo cada uno de ellos a una serie de ensayos. Esto se ha podido analizar comparativamente con otros modelos hechos en ordenador, empleando para ello programas de Elementos Finitos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que, en situaciones de suelos blandos, con posibles problemas de asientos, la solución planteada presenta importantes ventajas, al disminuir esos asientos en un porcentaje que variará en función de las condiciones particulares. Además de esto, se reducen en gran medida los asientos diferenciales entre apoyos, por lo que la alternativa planteada presenta un comportamiento más uniforme, así como ventajas constructivas.The aim of this work is to confirm the different behavior of traditional solid slab versus lightened solution, using expanded polystyrene (EPS) blocks as a lightening material, joining solid areas under pillars with grating beams. Therefore there are two plates, one of them on the top and the other one on the bottom, covering the EPS blocks. For this purpose, two scale models have been performed, each of them being subjected to a series of tests. These have been able to comparatively analyze with models made in computer, using Finite Element programs. The results obtained allow us to assert that in situations of soft soils, with possible problems of settlements, the proposed solution has significant advantages by reducing this settlement on a percentage it will vary depending on specific conditions. Besides this, it significantly reduces the differential settlements among supports, so this alternative has a more uniform behavior, as well as constructive advantages

Long-path averaged mixing ratios of O3 and NO2 in the free troposphere from mountain MAX-DOAS

A new approximation is proposed to estimate O3 and NO2 mixing ratios in the northern subtropical free troposphere (FT). The proposed method uses O4 slant column densities (SCDs) at horizontal and near-zenith geometries to estimate a station-level differential path. The modified geometrical approach (MGA) is a simple method that takes advantage of a very long horizontal path to retrieve mixing ratios in the range of a few pptv. The methodology is presented, and the possible limitations are discussed. Multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) high-mountain measurements recorded at the Izaña observatory (28° 18' N, 16° 29' W) are used in this study. The results show that under low aerosol loading, O3 and NO2 mixing ratios can be retrieved even at very low concentrations. The obtained mixing ratios are compared with those provided by in situ instrumentation at the observatory. The MGA reproduces the O3 mixing ratio measured by the in situ instrumentation with a difference of 28%. The different air masses scanned by each instrument are identified as a cause of the discrepancy between the O3 observed by MAX-DOAS and the in situ measurements. The NO2 is in the range of 20–40 ppt, which is below the detection limit of the in situ instrumentation, but it is in agreement with measurements from previous studies for similar conditions.We acknowledge the support of AMISOC (Atmospheric Minor Species relevant to the Ozone Chemistry at both sides of the Subtropical jet, contract number CGL2011-24891), and NORS (Demonstration Network of Ground-Based Remote Sensing Observations in support of the GMES Atmospheric Service) integrated project under the 7th Framework Programme (contract number FP7-SPACE-2011-284421)

Iodine monoxide in the north subtropical free troposphere

Iodine monoxide (IO) differential slant column densities (DSCD) have been retrieved from a new multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument deployed at the Iza˜na subtropical observatory as part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) programme.We acknowledge the support of the European Commission through the GEOmon (Global Earth Observation and Monitoring) Integrated Project under the 6th Framework Program (contract number FP6-2005-Global-4-036677) and NORS (Demonstration Network Of ground-based Remote Sensing Observations in support of the GMES Atmospheric Service) Integrated Project under the 7th Framework Program (contract number FP7-SPACE- 2011-284421)

Intervención no farmacológica como estrategia para favorecer el control de la hipertensión arterial y mejorar el cumplimiento antihipertensivo

ResumenObjetivoComprobar la eficacia de una intervención mediante una revista educacional en el cumplimiento antihipertensivo de la hipertensión arterial (HTA) no controlada.DiseñoEstudio clínico controlado, aleatorizado y multicéntrico.EmplazamientoOchenta y siete Centros de Salud de España.ParticipantesSe incluyeron 450 pacientes hipertensos diagnosticados de HTA no controlada.IntervenciónSe formaron 2 grupos con 225 individuos: a) grupo de intervención (GI), los que recibieron una revista educacional domiciliaria bimensual y b) grupo de control (GC), que tuvieron práctica clínica habitual.Mediciones principalesEl cumplimiento se midió mediante monitores electrónicos (MEMS-Aardex). Se calculó el porcentaje de cumplimiento, el porcentaje de cumplidores del total de dosis y de días en los que tomaba una dosis y el NNT (number needed to treat 'número de pacientes que es necesario tratar'). Se definió cumplidor un consumo del 80 al 110%. Se calculó la presión arterial media y los porcentajes de los controlados.ResultadosConcluyeron 393 individuos (edad: 62,4 años [desviación estándar de 11,6 años]), 196 pacientes del GI y 197 pacientes del GC. Ciento ochenta y cuatro eran varones (46,8%).Fueron cumplidores del total de las dosis tomadas el 83,2% en el GI (del 78 al 88,4%) y el 49,2% del GC (IC del 95%: del 42,2 al 56,2%) (p=0,0001) y fueron cumplidores diarios el 74% del GI (IC del 95%: del 67,9 al 80,1%) y el 42,6% del GC (IC del 95%: del 35,7 al 49,5%) (p=0,0001).El control de la HTA fue del 81,6% en el GI (IC del 95%: del 76,2 al 86,5%) y del 56,3% en el GC (IC del 95%: del 49,4 al 63,2%). El NNT con la intervención fue de 3,3 pacientes.ConclusionesEl incumplimiento del tratamiento fue muy alto. La revista educacional es una estrategia eficaz para disminuir el incumplimiento y mejorar el grado de control de la HTA.AbstractObjetiveTo evaluate the efficacy of an intervention by means of an educational magazine on treatment compliance in uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AHT).DesignControlled, randomised clinical trial.Setting87 primary care centres. Spain.ParticipantsA total of 450 patients with uncontrolled hypertension were included.InterventionTwo groups of 225 patients were formed: 1) Control group (CG): standard health intervention; 2) Intervention Group (IG): received a twice monthly educational magazine at home.Main measurementsCompliance was measured using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS-Aardex). Compliance rate (CR) was recorded. Compliers were defined as individuals with a treatment compliance of 80–110%. The percentage of compliers, the mean percentage of doses taken and the percentage of patients taking the medication at the correct times were estimated. The mean blood pressures (BPs) and the percentage of controlled patientswere calculated. The number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated.ResultsA total of 393 individuals were evaluable (Age: 62.4 years), 196 in the IG and 197 in the CG. There were 83.2% (95% CI 78–88.4) and 49.2% (95% CI 42.2–56.2) (P=0.0001) of overall compliers in the IG and CG, respectively and 74% (95% CI: 67.9–80.1) and 42.6% (95% CI=35.7–49.5) (P=0.0001) of correct times compliers. A total of 81.6% (95% CI=76.2–86.5%)) were controlled in the IG and 56.3% (95% CI=49.4–63.2) in the CG. The NNT was 3.3 patients.ConclusionsTherapeutic non-compliance was very high. The educational magazine is an effective strategy to improve the compliance and degree of control of the AHT

Konsumsi Minyak Goreng dan Vitamin A pada Beberapa Kelompok Umur di Dua Kabupaten

Indonesia plans to implement mandatory vitamin A fortification of cooking oil. A pilot study of voluntary vitamin A fortification in unbranded cooking oil showed that vitamin A status improved significantly a year afterfortification for five age groups except for children 12-23 months of age. The objective of the study was to measure cooking oil consumption and dietary consumption of vitamin A in children, women of reproductive age(WRA), and lactating mothers. The study was a cross-sectional study in Tasikmalaya and Ciamis, Indonesia, covering 1.594 samples randomly selected of poor households. Cooking oil was collected at household byrecall of usual cooking oil purchase and individual sample by 2x24h recall of food consumption. The results showed that households prefer bought unbranded cooking oil sold in plastic pouch at foodstall (warung) nearbyhome (96.2%), purchased oil every 1-3 days (60.6%), each purchace contained &lt; 250 mL oil (73.9%). The average (mean+SE) cooking oil consumption at household was 27.5+1.0 mL/capita/day. Cooking oilconsumption at individual level on the average was 22.3+0.5 mL/capita/day lower compared to household consumption of oil, varied significantly of 2.4+0.4, 13.3+0.8, 23.0+1.0, 30.5+1.3, 33.5+1.2, 33.1+1.3 mL/day in 6-11, 12-23, 24-59 month old, 6-9 year old, WRA, and lactating mothers respectively. Cooking oil consumptionwas lower in children 6-11 and 12-23 months old which contributed to non-significant improvement of serum vitamin A level particularly in children 12-23 months old but not other groups since they consumed higher intake of cooking oil or still brestfed for children 6-11 month old

Health-related quality of life with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy versus capecitabine in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer: Patient-reported outcomes in the PEARL study

Background: The PEARL study showed that palbociclib plus endocrine therapy (palbociclib/ET) was not superior to capecitabine in improving progression-free survival in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer resistant to aromatase inhibitors, but was better tolerated. This analysis compared patient-reported outcomes. Patients and methods: The PEARL quality of life (QoL) population comprised 537 patients, 268 randomised to palbociclib/ET (exemestane or fulvestrant) and 269 to capecitabine. Patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQC30 and QLQ-BR23 and EQ-5D-3L questionnaires. Changes from the baseline and time to deterioration (TTD) were analysed using linear mixed-effect and stratified Cox regression models, respectively. Results: Questionnaire completion rate was high and similar between treatment arms. Significant differences were observed in the mean change in global health status (GHS)/QoL scores from the baseline to cycle 3 (2.9 for palbociclib/ET vs.-2.1 for capecitabine (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-8.6; P = 0.007). The median TTD in GHS/QoL was 8.3 months for palbociclib/ET versus 5.3 months for capecitabine (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.89; P = 0.003). Similar improvements for palbociclib/ET were also seen for other scales as physical, role, cognitive, social functioning, fatigue, nausea/vomiting and appetite loss. No differences were observed between the treatment arms in change from the baseline in any item of the EQ-5D-L3 questionnaire as per the overall index score and visual analogue scale. Conclusion: Patients receiving palbociclib/ET experienced a significant delay in deterioration of GHS/QoL and several functional and symptom scales compared with capecitabine, providing additional evidence that palbociclib/ET is better tolerated. Trial registration number: NCT02028507 (ClinTrials.gov). EudraCT study number: 2013-003170-27. 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)