Changes in Indonesian Food Consumption Patterns and their Nutritional Implications

This study examines changes in Indonesian food consumption during 1996-2002 which included the period of the Asian financial crisis in late 1997/98. This paper analyses the nutritional implications of the changes in terms of the level and composition of calorie intake and the prevalence of undernourishment. The analysis reveals a divergence, during this period, between the magnitude and the movement of the undernourishment and food expenditure poverty rates. The results reveal a sharp divide between rural and urban households, and between calorie-deprived and calorie-satisfied households. While this period witnessed significant improvement in calorie intake, the dietary changes do not appear to have been large enough to address the issue of protein deficiency in the Indonesian diet. The results point to the need for policy interventions and information campaigns to ensure an increase in both the quantity and quality of the calorie intake.Undernourishment, Calorie Shares, Processed Food, Kernel Density Plot.

A finite-element simulation of pulsatile flow in flexible tubes

The relationship between pulsatile pressure and pulsatile flow is an essential element in the understanding of blood flow in large arteries. The study of this relationship and the various factors that affect it is therefore of great physiological significance, both for normal arterial flow and for the case of arterial disease where partial occlusion of a major artery may reduce blood perfusion to the distal vascular beds. The purpose of this study is to investigate blood flow through normal healthy arteries and arteries containing localized constrictions (stenoses) by the use of mathematical models;The mathematical models used in the study are based on one-dimensional flow equations. The model of the unobstructed tube includes two equations which are derived from a consideration of conservation of mass and momentum, and a third equation of state which relates the cross-sectional area to the pressure. The momentum equation is linearized and two different models for the equation of state, one based on a linear relationship and the other on a quadractic polynomial relationship between the cross-sectional area and pressure, are considered. The model for the obstructed tube is based on the same basic equations but expanded to include an empirical relationship between pressure drop and flow across a stenosis. The resulting partial differential equations are solved numerically using the finite-element method;The mathematical models and numerical solutions are validated by comparing calculated and experimental results. The experimental results are obtained from a hydraulic laboratory system which includes a pulsatile pump, a flexible tube test-section, and a peripheral resistance. The stenosis is simulated with a rigid plug of hollowed cylindrical shape inserted into the tube, and the fluid used is physiological saline at room temperature. Pressures and flows are recorded simultaneously at the inlet and outlet of the tube using strain-gage pressure transducers and electromagnetic flowmeters with cannula probes;The solutions predicted from the unobstructed tube model are compared with experimental data for a variety of boundary conditions and frequencies of oscillation. In general, the waveforms predicted from the linear model are in good agreement with the experimental results. Use of the nonlinear model improved the agreement between the calculated and experimental results. The model for the flow in the obstructed tube is validated by comparing calculated and experimental results for a variety of stenosis severities, locations of stenosis, and frequencies of oscillation. In general, this model also satisfactorily predicts the pressure and the flow waveforms. With the validated model, the effects of a developing stenosis on the flow waveform are investigated. It is found that changes in percent stenosis progressively alter the shape and consequently the harmonic composition of the flow waveform

Meta Analisis Pembelajaran Berbasis Media Video Pembelajaran terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan Penggunaan Media Video Pembelajaran Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode meta analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menelusuri artikel pada jurnal onlinedengan bantuan Google Scholar. Dari hasil analisis penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar mulai dari yang terendah 1% sampai dengan yang tertinggi yaitu 19,6 %

Rethinking the Enlightenment

In this introductory statement, given at the beginning of the Aboagora symposium in Turku in August 2011, Yehuda Elkana highlights the need, in accordance with the title of the conference, to rethink rather than unthink the Enlightenment. Indeed, the Enlightenment remained an unfinished project, but one should never forget that this era formed the basis for the greatest and most important creation of knowledge in all areas for 300 years. Over the last 100 or more years, however, cracks have started to appear in this edifice, Elkana argues: researchers have started to realise that one cannot really distinguish the rational from the irrational and that being contextual does not necessarily mean being relativist

INTRAPRENEURSHIP OF MIDDLE-LEVEL MANAGERS: HOW TO TRIGGER THEIR ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION?

This research aimed to find a way to trigger the achievement motivation of middle-level managers as intrapreneurs. It was quantitative research with data collected from 41 store managers in a national bicycle retail chain in Indonesia through 32-Likert scale questions. Path analysis measures the effect of three independent variables and one intervening variable on a dependent variable. The findings indicated that the achievement motivation of a middle-level manager was directly affected by the reward system and job satisfaction. However, they need management support to become intrapreneurs in the retail business. Management support had a significant direct effect on job satisfaction and a significant indirect and direct effect on achievement motivation. The work environment, reward system, and management support simultaneously directly affected achievement motivation. In short, these findings encourage companies to focus on management support to trigger the achievement motivation of middle-level managers. Job satisfaction, reward system, and work environment also contribute to reaching this objective consecutively

PERAN HUMAS UNIT TRANSFUSI DARAH (UTD) PALANG MERAH INDONESIA KOTA SURABAYA DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN CITRA POSITIF (Studi Deskriptif-Kualitatif pada Palang Merah Indonesia Unit Tranfusi Darah Kota Surabaya Jawa Timur)

The research was done at UTD PMI Surabaya. the purpose of this study was to determine how the role of PR UTD PMI Surabaya in enhancing positive image. This type of research is qualitative descriptive order. This study uses data collection through in-depth interviews. Informants in this study is the public relations officer UTD PMI Surabaya, blood donor services department staff, staff common parts, as well as the community or (Donor Voluntary). This study focuses on the performance of PR UTD PMI Surabaya in maintaining a positive image within the organization and the wider community. Keyword: Role, Public Relations, and A Positive Imag

Eksistensi Wanita dan Sistem Patriarkat dalam Konteks Budaya Masyarakat Israel

Women\u27s existence in the cultural context of Israeli society. The main issue in the discussion of this research is the strong suspicion that the culture or patriarchal system in Israeli society provides a fetter to the existence and involvement of Israeli women at that time in various fields. This understanding is the basis for some Bible scholars and certain groups to oppose and limit women today to take a broader role in various activities and in various fields in strategic positions, especially those related to men. These perspectives and thoughts need to be reviewed, given the possibility of misunderstanding or misunderstanding in understanding the parts of the Bible that specifically speak of women. That is why research subjects need to get more serious studies from various perspectives or perspectives of experts in interpreting and understanding the truth of God\u27s Word, in relation to the subject. Thus, it is expected that through this research there are no parties or groups, both women and men, who are cornered by a prolonged misunderstanding

Isolation of the Hydrocarbon Producing Algae Botrycoccus braunii Using Serial Dilution Techniques

The study was carried out to isolate the microalgae species Botrycoccus braunii from a rich algal water sample using the serial dilution technique with modified Chu-13 culture media. Water sample was collected and was examined using the microscope. Botrycoccus braunii was found to be present. Modified CHU-13 culture media was prepared and autoclaved. Under aseptic condition, the media was poured into culture bottles numbered 10-1 to 10-10. using micropipette 10ml was collected from the rich water sample and poured into the culture bottle numbered 10-1 , again using the micropipette,  10ml was collected from the culture bottle numbered 10-1 and was poured into the test tube numbered 10-2 , again using micropipette, again 10mls was  collected using the micropipette from  the test tube numbered 10-2 and poured into the test tube numbered 10-3. The process was repeated for 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7, 10-8, 10-9 and 10-10. The culture tubes were maintained at room temperature (25-270c) by sunlight with a light dark photoperiod of 15h: 9h. Aeration into the tubes was controlled by covering the culture tubes with cotton wool. The culture was examined after second and forth weeks growth period by preparing slides and viewing under the microscope. Pure Botrycoccus braunii species was found to be present in the test tubes numbered 10-8 and 10-9 at the forth week examination