Rehabilitación estructural del puente monte Líbano y su comportamiento estructural posterior

Se describe la problemática que presentó la estructura del Puente Monte Líbano ubicado en el límite del Estado de México y el Distrito Federal. Se presenta el proceso seguido para establecer el diagnóstico que identificó serias deficiencias estructurales que implicaron en su momento riesgo. Se describe el método seguido para proponer los procedimientos de reforzamiento principalmente el uso de fibras de carbono, así como la manera general en que se llevaron a cabo los trabajos de reforzamiento. Al haber pasado ya varios años de que se concluyeron las obras se reportan los resultados de una inspección reciente donde se constata el buen comportamiento estructural y se concluye que la propuesta de reforzamiento con fibras de carbono resultó adecuada puesto que se incrementó la vida útil del puente. Se documenta el seguimiento al comportamiento de este puente lo que representa una evidencia de los resultados positivos que se pueden obtener con las fibras sintéticas de alta resistencia en problemas de rehabilitación estructural. La tecnología se desarrolló hace varias décadas pero en el medio profesional local existe todavía reticencia a su uso

Neoadjuvant Treatment for Nonmetastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal malignancies among solid tumors. Unfortunately, several patients are diagnosed at metastatic stage or with unresectable disease due to vascular compromise involving the pancreas without any chance of curative treatment. There are also two other groups of patients: resectable patients at upfront diagnosis and “borderline resectable” pancreatic cancer patients. This last group represents those patients where surgery is not always possible without a preoperative treatment allowing surgeons to perform an R0 resection. Achieving an R0 resection is the only curative option for pancreatic cancer patients; nevertheless, many R0-resected patients will relapse within 2 years from surgery. Despite adjuvant treatment, reported median overall survival is only 28 months for patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma; thus, neoadjuvant treatment has been explored in order to improve survival. We aim to describe the controversial reported data and to show the recommendations that are suggested for these patients; however, we need to remark that there is no strong data that support neoadjuvant treatment. Currently, clinical trials are ongoing, and probably soon this approach will become a standard of care among borderline resectable patients and probably in selected resectable patients too

Classical Swine Fever Virus p7 Protein Interacts with Host Protein CAMLG and Regulates Calcium Permeability at the Endoplasmic Reticulum

We have previously shown that Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) p7 is an essential nonstructural protein with a viroporin activity, a critical function in the progression of virus infection. We also identified p7 domains and amino acid residues critical for pore formation. Here, we describe how p7 specifically interacts with host protein CAMLG, an integral ER transmembrane protein involved in intracellular calcium release regulation and signal response generation. Detection of interaction as well as the identification of p7 areas mediating interaction with CAMLG was performed by yeast two-hybrid. p7-CAMLG interaction was further confirmed by confocal microscopy in eukaryotic cells, co-expressing both proteins. Mutant forms of p7 having substituted native residues identified as mediating interaction with CAMLG showed a decreased co-localization compared with the native forms of p7. Furthermore, it is shown that native p7, but not the mutated forms of p7 that fail to interact with CAMLG, efficiently mediates calcium permeability in the ER. Interestingly, viruses harboring some of those mutated forms of p7 have been previously shown to have a significantly decreased virulence in swine.ARS/USDA-University of Connecticut SCA# 58-1940-1-190 and ARS/USDA-University of the Basque Country NACA#8064-32000-056-18S

Deletion of E184L, a Putative DIVA Target from the Pandemic Strain of African Swine Fever Virus, Produces a Reduction in Virulence and Protection against Virulent Challenge

African swine fever (ASF) is currently causing a major pandemic affecting the swine industry and protein availability from Central Europe to East and South Asia. No commercial vaccines are available, making disease control dependent on the elimination of affected animals. Here, we show that the deletion of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) E184L gene from the highly virulent ASFV Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G) isolate produces a reduction in virus virulence during the infection in swine. Of domestic pigs intramuscularly inoculated with a recombinant virus lacking the E184L gene (ASFV-G-ΔE184L), 40% experienced a significantly (5 days) delayed presentation of clinical disease and, overall, had a 60% rate of survival compared to animals inoculated with the virulent parental ASFV-G. Importantly, all animals surviving ASFV-G-ΔE184L infection developed a strong antibody response and were protected when challenged with ASFV-G. As expected, a pool of sera from ASFV-G-ΔE184L-inoculated animals lacked any detectable antibody response to peptides partially representing the E184L protein, while sera from animals inoculated with an efficacious vaccine candidate, ASFV-G-ΔMGF, strongly recognize the same set of peptides. These results support the potential use of the E184L deletion for the development of vaccines able to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Therefore, it is shown here that the E184L gene is a novel ASFV determinant of virulence that can potentially be used to increase safety in preexisting vaccine candidates, as well as to provide them with DIVA capabilities. To our knowledge, E184L is the first ASFV gene product experimentally shown to be a functional DIVA antigenic marker. IMPORTANCE No commercial vaccines are available to prevent African swine fever (ASF). The ASF pandemic caused by the ASF virus Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G) strain is seriously affecting pork production in a contiguous geographical area from Central Europe to East Asia. The only effective experimental vaccines are viruses attenuated by deleting ASFV genes associated with virus virulence. Therefore, identification of such genes is of critical importance for vaccine development. Here, we report the discovery of a novel determinant of ASFV virulence, the E184L gene. Deletion of the E184L gene from the ASFV-G genome (ASFV-G-ΔE184L) produced a reduction in virus virulence, and importantly, animals surviving infection with ASFV-G-ΔE184L were protected from developing ASF after challenge with the virulent parental virus ASFV-G. Importantly, the virus protein encoded by E184L is highly immunogenic, making a virus lacking this gene a vaccine candidate that allows the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Here, we show that unlike what is observed in animals inoculated with the vaccine candidate ASFV-G-ΔMGF, ASFV-G-ΔE184L-inoculated animals do not mount a E184L-specific antibody response, indicating the feasibility of using the E184L deletion as the antigenic marker for the development of a DIVA vaccine in ASFV.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Molecular Characterization of the Viroporin Function of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nonstructural Protein 2B

Nonstructural protein 2B of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) is comprised of a small, hydrophobic, 154-amino-acid protein. Structure-function analyses demonstrated that FMDV 2B is an ion channel-forming protein. Infrared spectroscopy measurements using partially overlapping peptides that spanned regions between amino acids 28 and 147 demonstrated the adoption of helical conformations in two putative transmembrane regions between residues 60 and 78 and between residues 119 and 147 and a third transmembrane region between residues 79 and 106, adopting a mainly extended structure. Using synthetic peptides, ion channel activity measurements in planar lipid bilayers and imaging of single giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) revealed the existence of two sequences endowed with membrane-porating activity: one spanning FMDV 2B residues 55 to 82 and the other spanning the C-terminal region of 2B from residues 99 to 147. Mapping the latter sequence identified residues 119 to 147 as being responsible for the activity. Experiments to assess the degree of insertion of the synthetic peptides in bilayers and the inclination angle adopted by each peptide regarding the membrane plane normal confirm that residues 55 to 82 and 119 to 147 of 2B actively insert as transmembrane helices. Using reverse genetics, a panel of 13 FMD recombinant mutant viruses was designed, which harbored nonconservative as well as alanine substitutions in critical amino acid residues in the area between amino acid residues 28 and 147. Alterations to any of these structures interfered with pore channel activity and the capacity of the protein to permeabilize the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to calcium and were lethal for virus replication. Thus, FMDV 2B emerges as the first member of the viroporin family containing two distinct pore domains

Obtención de un índice de sustentabilidad aplicado a materiales de construcción

Este artículo aplica dos conceptos con la finalidad de obtener un índice de sustentabilidad para edificaciones. El primero se refiere al análisis del ciclo de vida de materiales de construcción, evaluado con parámetros como el calentamiento global, partículas cancerígenas y no cancerígenas, contaminantes del aire, eutrofización, ecotoxicidad, smog, el agotamiento de los recursos naturales, calidad del aire interior, y el agotamiento de la capa de ozono. El segundo concepto es la aplicación de Sistemas de Inferencia Borrosa (Fuzzy Inference Systems, FIS) el cual es un modelo que intenta emular el proceso de razonamiento de un experto en el área de construcciones y medio ambiente, a través del cual se calcula un índice sobre la sustentabilidad de los materiales utilizados en un edificio, que toma en cuenta el ciclo de vida de los mismos. Dichos materiales han sido previamente analizados mediante el programa computacional SimaPro, un software de evaluación de ciclo de vida que considera variables consensadas internacionalmente

Deletion Mutants of the Attenuated Recombinant ASF Virus, BA71ΔCD2, Show Decreased Vaccine Efficacy

African swine fever (ASF) has become the major threat to the global swine industry. Lack of available commercial vaccines complicates the implementation of global control strategies. So far, only live attenuated ASF viruses (ASFV) have demonstrated solid protection efficacy at the experimental level. The implementation of molecular techniques has allowed the generation of a collection of deletion mutants lacking ASFV-specific virulence factors, some of them with promising potential as vaccine candidates against the pandemic genotype II ASFV strain currently circulating in Africa, Europe, Asia and Oceania. Despite promising results, there is room for improvement, mainly from the biosafety point of view. Aiming to improve the safety of BA71∆CD2, a cross-protective recombinant live attenuated virus (LAV) lacking the ASFV CD2v gene (encoding β-glucuronidase as a reporter gene) available in our laboratory, three new recombinants were generated using BA71∆CD2 as a template: the single mutant BA71∆CD2 f, this time containing the fluorescent mCherry reporter gene instead of CD2v, and two double recombinants lacking CD2v and either the lectin gene (EP153R) or the uridine kinase (UK) gene (DP96R). Comparative in vivo experiments using BA71∆CD2 f, BA71∆CD2DP96R and BA71∆CD2EP153R recombinant viruses as immunogens, demonstrated that deletion of either DP96R or EP153R from BA71∆CD2 f decreases vaccine efficacy and does not improve safety. Our results additionally confirm ASFV challenge as the only available method today to evaluate the protective efficacy of any experimental vaccine. We believe that understanding the fine equilibrium between attenuation and inducing protection in vivo deserves further study and might contribute to more rational vaccine designs in the future

Composites of polypropylene/Candelilla fiber (Euphorbia antisyphilitica): Synergic of wax-polypropylene grafted Maleic anhydride

ABSTRACT: Previous studies of Candelilla bagasse fiber (CBF) have demonstrated the improvement of fiber-polymer adhesion; in the present investigation, the CBF was used to reinforce fiber of Polypropylene composites varying the amount of fiber (0, 20 and 30 wt%), using Maleic anhydride as compatibilizer. The total wax of cuticle/intercuticular varies between 9.5 and 10.5 wt%; according to the TAPPI standard Polypropylene/candellia fiber, composites were realized with intercuticular wax. The amount of fiber of 20% and 30% varied in the composite, with and without compatibilizer. In this paper, we will demonstrate that this cuticular fiber wax acts in synergy with the composite in mechanical properties, mechanical dynamics analysis to observe adherence and in "cole-cole" diagrams

Estado del Arte de la Investigación en Educación, Pedagogía, Didáctica, Aportes teóricos a las discusiones educativas sobre la diversidad, y Diversidad en procesos de aprendizaje y transformación de la escuela en la MEVI – 2018 - 2021.

Elaborar un estado del arte de la investigación en la MEVI en relación con la educación, la pedagogía, la didáctica, los aportes teóricos a las discusiones educativas sobre la diversidad y la diversidad en procesos de aprendizaje y transformación de la escuela entre 2018 y 2021El presente estado del arte evidencia los intereses investigativos y las conceptualizaciones derivadas en el campo de la educación la pedagogía, la didáctica, los aportes teóricos a las discusiones educativas sobre la diversidad y la diversidad en procesos de aprendizaje y transformación de la escuela, en las investigaciones realizadas en el programa de Maestría en Educación Virtual (en adelante MEVI), de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios ( en adelante UNIMINUTO), entre los años 2018 y 2021. Este proyecto sombrilla, se desarrolla bajo la sub-línea de Procesos educativos para la diversidad y la transformación cultural se realiza bajo un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo a partir de una selección aleatoria de 160 tesis de la MEVI. En el capítulo 1 se presenta una contextualización sobre el proceso investigativo dentro de la MEVI. También, se presentan los estudios nacionales e internacionales relacionados con la investigación; al tiempo que se presenta en detalle el planteamiento de objetivos con la intención de lograr categorías de estudio