Le rôle du but et de l'objet dans la détermination sémantique du verbe d'action

Par nature, les verbes pris isolément sont polysémiques. Notre hypothèse est que les représentations d'action désignées par les verbes d'action sont des propriétés fonctionnelles secondaires des objets. Elles servent à indiquer la fonction ou l'utilisation de l'objet. Ces propriétés fonctionnelles sont justifiées par les propriétés structurales des objets et elles interviennent dans la construction de catégories, qui peuvent être ou non lexicalisées. Ces catégories s'organisent alors en réseaux hiérarchiques et l'ensemble des verbes qui s'appliquent aux catégories d'objets a alors l'organisation hiérarchique de ces catégories. Nous rapportons les résultats d'expérimentations qui soutiennent l'hypothèse d'une organisation hiérarchique des verbes d'action sous forme de réseaux sémantiques. Cette hypothèse du découle du formalisme STONE (Poitrenaud, 1995) qu'utilise notre modèle C.A.D.S. de Compréhension par Assignation Dynamique de Signification (Tijus & Moulin, 1997)

Le rôle du but et de l'objet dans la détermination sémantique du verbe d'action

Par nature, les verbes pris isolément sont polysémiques. Notre hypothèse est que les représentations d'action désignées par les verbes d'action sont des propriétés fonctionnelles secondaires des objets. Elles servent à indiquer la fonction ou l'utilisation de l'objet. Ces propriétés fonctionnelles sont justifiées par les propriétés structurales des objets et elles interviennent dans la construction de catégories, qui peuvent être ou non lexicalisées. Ces catégories s'organisent alors en réseaux hiérarchiques et l'ensemble des verbes qui s'appliquent aux catégories d'objets a alors l'organisation hiérarchique de ces catégories. Nous rapportons les résultats d'expérimentations qui soutiennent l'hypothèse d'une organisation hiérarchique des verbes d'action sous forme de réseaux sémantiques. Cette hypothèse du découle du formalisme STONE (Poitrenaud, 1995) qu'utilise notre modèle C.A.D.S. de Compréhension par Assignation Dynamique de Signification (Tijus & Moulin, 1997)

Human Heuristics for a Team of Mobile Robots

International audienceThis paper is at the crossroad of Cognitive Psychology and AI Robotics. It reports a cross-disciplinary project concerned about implementing human heuristics within autonomous mobile robots. In the following, we address the problem of relying on human-based heuristics to endow a group of mobile robots with the ability to solve problems such as target finding in a labyrinth. Such heuristics may provide an efficient way to explore the environment and to decompose a complex problem into subtasks for which specific heuristics are efficient. We first present a set of experiments conducted with group of humans looking for a target with limited sensing capabilities solving. Then we describe the heuristics extracted from the observation and analysis of their behavior. Finally we implemented these heuristics within khepera-like autonomous mobile robots facing the same tasks. We show that the control architecture can be experimentally validated to some extent thanks to this approach. Index Terms-- Cognition, Autonomous Robotics, Human-centered approach, Heuristics, Multi-agents Problem Solving

Towards engagement models that consider individual factors in HRI: on the relation of extroversion and negative attitude towards robots to gaze and speech during a human-robot assembly task : Experiments with the iCub humanoid robot

International audienceEstimating the engagement is critical for human-robot interaction. Engagement measures typically rely on the dynamics of the social signals exchanged by the partners, especially speech and gaze. However, the dynamics of these signals are likely to be influenced by individual and social factors, such as personality traits, as it is well documented that they critically influence how two humans interact with each other. Here, we assess the influence of two factors, namely extroversion and negative attitude toward robots, on speech and gaze during a cooperative task, where a human must physically manipulate a robot to assemble an object. We evaluate if the score of extroversion and negative attitude towards robots co-variate with the duration and frequency of gaze and speech cues. The experiments were carried out with the humanoid robot iCub and N=56 adult participants. We found that the more people are extrovert, the more and longer they tend to talk with the robot; and the more people have a negative attitude towards robots, the less they will look at the robot face and the more they will look at the robot hands where the assembly and the contacts occur. Our results confirm and provide evidence that the engagement models classically used in human-robot interaction should take into account attitudes and personality traits

Predicting extraversion from non-verbal features during a face-to-face human-robot interaction

International audienceIn this paper we present a system for automatic prediction of extraversion during the first thin slices of human-robot interaction (HRI). This work is based on the hypothesis that personality traits and attitude towards robot appear in the behavioural response of humans during HRI. We propose a set of four non-verbal movement features that characterize human behavior during interaction. We focus our study on predicting Extraversion using these features , extracted from a dataset consisting of 39 healthy adults interacting with the humanoid iCub. Our analysis shows that it is possible to predict to a good level (64%) the Extraversion of a human from a thin slice of interaction relying only on non-verbal movement features. Our results are comparable to the state-of-the-art obtained in HHI [ 23 ]

ACACIA: an agent-based program for simulating behavior to reach long-term goals

Abstract We present ACACIA, an agent-based program implemented in Java StarLogo 2.0 that simulates a twodimensional microworld populated by agents, obstacles and goals. Our program simulates how agents can reach long-term goals by following sensorial-motor couplings (SMCs) that control how the agents interact with their environment and other agents through a process of local categorization. Thus, while acting in accordance with this set of SMCs, the agents reach their goals through the emergence of global behaviors. This agent-based simulation program would allow us to understand some psychological processes such as planning behavior from the point of view that the complexity of these processes is the result of agent-environment interaction

The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE : survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

Funding for the WEAVE facility has been provided by UKRI STFC, the University of Oxford, NOVA, NWO, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), the Isaac Newton Group partners (STFC, NWO, and Spain, led by the IAC), INAF, CNRS-INSU, the Observatoire de Paris, Région Île-de-France, CONCYT through INAOE, Konkoly Observatory (CSFK), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Lund University, the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), the Swedish Research Council, the European Commission, and the University of Pennsylvania.WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959 nm at R ∼ 5000, or two shorter ranges at R ∼ 20,000. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for ∼ 3 million stars and detailed abundances for ∼ 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey ∼ 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey  ∼ 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in z 1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.PostprintPeer reviewe

The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: Survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366$-$959\,nm at $R\sim5000$, or two shorter ranges at $R\sim20\,000$. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for $\sim$3 million stars and detailed abundances for $\sim1.5$ million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey $\sim0.4$ million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey $\sim400$ neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in $z<0.5$ cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in $\sim25\,000$ field galaxies at $0.3\lesssim z \lesssim 0.7$; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star formation using $>1$ million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at $z>2$. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.Comment: 41 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication by MNRA