128 research outputs found
Processat de dades TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanner)
La tècnica de l’escaneig làser utilitzant sensors terrestres permet adquirir
quantitats massives de punts amb resolucions mil·limètriques, d’una forma més
ràpida que les tècniques habituals, podent completar o substituir altres
mètodes. Es basa en la utilització d’un dispositiu terrestre que fa servir un làser
que mesura àngles, distàncies i intensitat dels punts il·luminats, de manera
sistemàtica, a una tassa elevada i en temps reals. Com a resultat de
l’adquisició de les dades, l’usuari obté un núvol de punts per cada exploració
que representa l’àrea escanejada.
L’objectiu d’aquest treball es centra en primer lloc en l’anàlisi d’aquests núvols
de punts amb la finalitat de reconèixer i extreure objectes, tals com plans,
esferes, cons, etc. Posteriorment s’analitzaran diferents mètodes de matching
que permetran relacionar cadascun d’aquests objectes amb els seus homòlegs
a diferents núvols de punts. El document està estructurat en quatre capítols que
es resumeixen breument a continuació.
En el primer capítol es dóna una visió general dels làser escàner terrestres
(TLS) com a instruments de mesura. S’explica el seu principi bàsic de
funcionament i es fa un resum dels diferents models que es poden trobar al
mercat.
Al capítol dos, es fa referència al concepte de parametrització. L’objectiu és,
donat un núvol de punts 3D, extreure objectes concrets com poden ser esferes
o plans. A fi d’aconseguir aquest objectiu s’ha estudiat l’algoritme RANSAC.
També es fa referència a un detector de contorns; el detector de contorns de
Canny, com a pas previ a l’aplicació de RANSAC.
Posteriorment, al capítol 3 es mostren els resultats obtinguts en l’aplicació de
RANSAC: primer en un núvol de punts simulat i després en un de real. S’ha
aplicat aquest algoritme a l’extracció d’esferes i de plans.
Finalment al capítol 4 es parla de matching o aparellament d’imatges; es tracta
de, donats dos núvols de punts, localitzar punts homòlegs entre aquests dos.
De les diferents tècniques de matching s’ha escollit el matching relacional que
utilitza a l’hora de fer l’aparellament, a més de les pròpies característiques de
les formes, relacions entre elles.
Els annexos inclouen el codi utilitzat en la implementació dels algoritmes
analitzats així com informació addicional.En aquest treball de final de carrera, realitzat a l’Institut de Geomàtica, es fa
una anàlisi dels núvols de punts obtinguts a partir d’un escàner làser terrestre
(Terrestrial Laser Scanner – TLS). Aquests tipus d’aparells tenen la peculiaritat
que per cadascuna de les captures que realitzen, emmagatzemen informació
tant de distància com d’intensitat. El que es pretén és la realització de
matching o aparellament d’objectes presents en núvols de punts diferents,
realitzant primer una extracció dels mateixos i posteriorment efectuant el
matching.
Pel tractament d’aquests núvols de punts s’han utilitzat diverses eines
comercials com per exemple ENVI, així com eines desenvolupades al llarg del
projecte amb codi C++.
Un dels objectius d’aquest projecte s’ha basat en l’extracció d’objectes tals
com plans o esferes dels núvols de punts en qüestió. L’algoritme implementat
per aquesta finalitat ha estat RANSAC, primer sobre núvols de punts simulats i
després sobre imatges reals. Altres algoritmes, com CANNY per a la detecció
de contorns, també han estats utilitzats.
Finalment es presenten diferents mètodes de matching existents per a
identificar els mateixos objectes en núvols de punts diferents. D’entre tots els
mètodes existents l’escollit ha estat el matching relacional, que utilitza a més
de les pròpies característiques de les formes, relacions entre elles
La población de Sudamérica: nuevos aportes basados en el análisis de cráneos arcaicos y frecuencias génicas de aborígenes contemporáneos
El origen de los primeros habitantes de América ha inquietado a numerosos investigadores, quienes en el transcurso del último siglo han presentado un acopio de modelos de poblamiento más o menos controvertidos. En la actualidad, los especialistas concuerdan en que los primeros pobladores del Nuevo Mundo, corresponderían a primitivos grupos de cazadores y recolectores que habrían llegado a América desde el noreste de Asia utilizando un corredor terrestre actualmente cubierto por las aguas (el Estrecho de Bering), siguiendo probablemente el rastro de enormes animales pleistocénicos (Bryan 1978, Irwing 1985, Lynch 1983)Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí
Propuesta de intervención para tratar la ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer de mama
El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en proponer un programa de intervención para tratar la ansiedad del paciente con cáncer de mama para conseguir una menor incapacidad y un mayor bienestar del paciente en su vida cotidiana. Para tratar la ansiedad se coge una muestra formada por pacientes con cáncer de mama de nacionalidad española, para medir los niveles de ansiedad se proponen los cuestionarios HADS y STAI. Una vez pasados estos cuestionarios se empieza el tratamiento con las pacientes, basado en técnicas cognitivo-conductuales. Las técnicas que se proponen para el tratamiento son: la relajación progresiva, terapia racional-emotiva de Ellis, el reforzamiento positivo y técnicas de distracción
La población de Sudamérica: nuevos aportes basados en el análisis de cráneos arcaicos y frecuencias génicas de aborígenes contemporáneos
El origen de los primeros habitantes de América ha inquietado a numerosos investigadores, quienes en el transcurso del último siglo han presentado un acopio de modelos de poblamiento más o menos controvertidos. En la actualidad, los especialistas concuerdan en que los primeros pobladores del Nuevo Mundo, corresponderían a primitivos grupos de cazadores y recolectores que habrían llegado a América desde el noreste de Asia utilizando un corredor terrestre actualmente cubierto por las aguas (el Estrecho de Bering), siguiendo probablemente el rastro de enormes animales pleistocénicos (Bryan 1978, Irwing 1985, Lynch 1983)Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí
Spoilage yeasts in fermented vegetables: conventional and novel control strategies
[EN] Fermented vegetables are produced by the growth of different microorganisms present in raw products. Yeasts are essential in food fermentations, but they are also potential spoilage agents that can cause several alterations to the final product. This review provides an overview of the most relevant spoilage yeasts present in fermented vegetables, such as table olives, fermented pickles, and sauerkraut, and the strategies that can be followed to prevent their presence in the final product by extending their shelf life. Conventional treatments have been applied for years to fermented products to reduce or control microbial contamination. In this group, although the application of thermal treatments and the use of chemical additives are remarkable, these technologies have some drawbacks. Nowadays, the food industry seeks techniques that are lethal to spoilage microorganisms, but have no adverse effects on the nutritional value, organoleptic characteristics, and beneficial product microbiota. Non-thermal technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressure, UV-C light, and electrolyzed oxidizing water treatments, applied alone or combined, are effective alternatives to conventional preservation treatments to achieve secure fermented vegetables with a high quality.Ballester, E.; Ribes-Llop, S.; Barat Baviera, JM.; Fuentes López, A. (2022). Spoilage yeasts in fermented vegetables: conventional and novel control strategies. European Food Research and Technology. 248(2):315-328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03888-73153282482Marco ML, Heeney D, Binda S, Cifelli CJ, Cotter PD, Folingné B, Gänzle M, Kort R, Pasin G, Pihlanto A, Smid HEJ (2017) Health benefits of fermented foods: microbiota and beyond. 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An alternative model for the early peopling of Southern South America revealed by analyses of three mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
After several years of research, there is now a consensus that America was populated from Asia through Beringia, probably at the end of the Pleistocene. But many details such as the timing, route(s), and origin of the first settlers remain uncertain. In the last decade genetic evidence has taken on a major role in elucidating the peopling of the Americas. To study the early peopling of South America, we sequenced the control region of mitochondrial DNA from 300 individuals belonging to indigenous populations of Chile and Argentina, and also obtained seven complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. We identified two novel mtDNA monophyletic clades, preliminarily designated B2l and C1b13, which together with the recently described D1g sub-haplogroup have locally high frequencies and are basically restricted to populations from the extreme south of South America. The estimated ages of D1g and B2l, about ∼ 15,000 years BP, together with their similar population dynamics and the high haplotype diversity shown by the networks, suggests that they probably appeared soon after the arrival of the first settlers and agrees with the dating of the earliest archaeological sites in South America (Monte Verde, Chile, 14,500 BP). One further sub-haplogroup, D4h3a5, appears to be restricted to Fuegian-Patagonian populations and reinforces our hypothesis of the continuity of the current Patagonian populations with the initial founders. Our results indicate that the extant native populations inhabiting South Chile and Argentina are a group which had a common origin, and suggest a population break between the extreme south of South America and the more northern part of the continent. Thus the early colonization process was not just an expansion from north to south, but also included movements across the Andes.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula
Especial Les Rambles
Since we routinely put questions forward for discussion that involve urban planning in Barcelona, let's begin with one that might seem too obvious: What to do about its main street? We solicited the views of 13 professional architects and geographers who have some connection to the Rambla, either because they live or work nearby or once did professionals, in other words, who are intimately familiar with it. The range of their responses surprised us. Issues like making the Rambla car-free or the street's physical design, recurring themes in recent years, here take a back seat. Instead, questions about underlying urban structures and street-level uses come up repeatedl
Hongos liquenizados y liquenícolas de la Sierra de Albarracín (Teruel, España)
Se presenta un catálogo de 462 hongos liquenizados y liquenícolas de la Sierra de Albarracín (Teruel, Aragón, España), como resultado de la IV Campaña de Recolección organizada por la Sociedad Española de Liquenología (SEL). Diplotomma hedinii es novedad para la Península Ibé- rica y Lepraria leuckertiana constituye una segunda cita peninsular, 69 taxones son novedad para Aragón y 86 lo son para la provincia de Teruel
Combinación de genotipos DRD4 y DAT1 constituye importante factor de riesgo en miembros de familias de Santiago de Chile con déficit atencional
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